Two methods of radiation dose assessment were evaluated for the Cs-137 in soil ⇒ leafy vegetable ⇒ human consumption exposure pathway at three fictitious contaminated sites in California, Colorado, and Florida. An annual dose equation was developed and per USEPA risk assessment guidelines, traditional, single point annual dose estimates were...
Scanning surveys of building surfaces and land areas are performed with radiation detection equipment to identify areas of elevated radioactivity. To quantify the extent and magnitude of the contamination, follow-up radiation surveys and soil sampling are usually required. The ability to accurately quantify discrete locations or "hot particles" of contamination...
The photoneutron production from three Varian linear accelerators ranging in energies from 6 MV to 23 MV has been investigated. Photoneutrons are produced during (γ, n) interactions with materials located within the treatment head. These unwanted neutrons not only increase patient dose, but may also lead to the requirement of...
In order to determine the physical location of contaminants in soil, two solidified soil
"thin" sections, which preserve the undisturbed structural characteristics of the original
soil, containing weapons-grade plutonium from the Rocky Flats Environmental Test Site
were prepared. Two autoradiographic methods were used in radionuclide mapping:
contact autoradiography using CR-39®...
The Self-indicating Instant Radiation Alert Dosimeter, SIRAD™,
manufactured by JP Labs*, is a dosimeter that can be used by emergency response
persoimel. It is a user-friendly, inexpensive, and disposable radiation dosimeter. It
monitors high doses, 5-200 rads, of ionizing radiation. The card resembles the size of a
credit card and...
The Self-indicating Instant Radiation Dosimeter (SIRAD) is credit card size, self reading, single use dosimeter produced by JP Laboratories. The SIRAD has a chemical strip that changes color based upon incident radiation. The color change is instantaneous and cumulative. The card was designed for first responders as a way for...
Efforts are continually being made in remediation surveys to reduce the time and manpower required to perform work while maintaining the ability to detect low levels of contamination. To this end, organizations are utilizing portable instrumentation in conjunction with global positioning systems (GPS). This combination of technologies allows a surveyor...
In radiation therapy it is very important to accurately measure the amount of radiation delivered. The effectiveness of the treatment depends on delivering the dose with an accuracy of 5% or better. The dosimetry in different clinics must also be consistent. For these reasons national and international calibration protocols have...