Increasing costs for wastewater treatment provide incentives to
evaluate system alternatives, especially among small communities with limited
financial resources. Land treatment systems with hybrid poplar tree
plantations are becoming increasingly popular as one such alternative in the
Pacific Northwest.
Land treatment systems are made up of a complex dual system:...
The management of existing forest road systems is an issue of growing importance and public debate. Roads can alter the hydrologic processes in a watershed especially at stream crossing culverts where road ditches channel runoff directly into the stream. The objective of this study was to determine how surface runoff...