Recent emphasis on range improvement of sagebrush-bunch-grass
types in Oregon has underscored the need for better understanding
of their importance to deer winter range management. The
objectives of this study were to evaluate the impact of various sagebrush
control practices on the composition, production, and utilization
of deer forage plants...
The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate relationships
between the production and utilization of forage and deer
browsing of hand-planted Douglas-fir seedlings. A secondary purpose
was to study some effects of selected physical and biological
site factors on the survival and growth of fir seedlings.
Field work was...
Sheep and cattle dietary preferences were determined on tall fescue-subclover ( Festuca arundinacea-Trifolium subterraneum) and
perennial ryegrass-subclover (Lolium perenne-Trifoliuni subterraneum)
pastures in western Oregon during the spring and summer periods
of 1964 and 1965. Esophageal-fistulated Willamette ewes and
Hereford and Hereford-Angus yearling cattle were grazed separately
on each pasture mixture...
Research was conducted in a mixed-coniferous forest stand
that was clearcut, burned, and seeded in order to study early plant
succession, grazing influences on native and introduced species, big
game use, and environmental relationships vegetation, animal,
and environmental research was carried out from 1965 to 1967 in
three, five-acre exclosures...
The effect of heterozygosity on the phenotypic stabilities of six
morphological plant characteristics was studied in hybrid crosses of
two self-pollinated barley species Hordeum vulgare L., emend Lam.
and Hordeum distichum L., emend Lam. Experimental material
consisting of parents and their F₁ diallel progeny were grown at two
field locations...
During the Pleistocene, an andesitic volcano named Mount
Mazama grew to a probable elevation of 3000 meters in south-
central Oregon. Near the end of the Pleistocene, three diverse
magma types appeared in the eruptive products associated with Mount
Mazama: l)High-alumina basaltic andesite magma associated with an
early plateau and...
The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of
heterosis in three complex traits in barley and to investigate the
concept of component interaction as a means of producing heterosis.
The complex traits were grain yield, total leaf area, and malting
quality.
Seven varieties of spring barley were...
The effects of scald epidemics, induced by Rhynchosporium secalis
(Oud.) Davis, on the yield and quality of winter malting barley have not been
reported. The principal objective of this investigation was to assess yield and
quality losses in resistant and susceptible winter barley genotypes in diverse
environments of the Pacific...
Measurement of the copper to superconductor ratio (Cu/SC) in
composite superconducting wires is necessary for process control, quality
assurance, and characterization of the final wire properties.
A comparison has been made of three techniques for measuring the
Cu/SC ratio on a set of commercial wires produced for the Superconducting
SuperCollider...
Septoria canker remains the most important disease of poplars in intensively managed forest plantations. Genetic resistance has long been considered the best way to manage for this disease. Transgenic resistance mediated by RNA silencing against pathogens and pests (HIGS: host-induced gene silencing) has shown promise in other pathosystems but has...
The meaning of life is an enduring philosophical question. This paper seeks to explore the thought of Albert Camus and Robert Nozick on the meaning of life and critically examine their contributions to philosophy. Camus begins with contemplating whether life is worth ending or worth living and concludes that only...
The Covid-19 pandemic has affected everyone in the world to some degree through social isolation and a changing of the norms, including the number of deaths. However, no research has been done on how companion dogs in the United States have been affected by these societal changes. Research in Israel,...
A simple Janus-type membrane-based wicking microfluidic device fabricated on a polycaprolactone-filled glass microfiber membrane enables separation and collection of blood plasma or serum from whole blood. This device bridges the wicking and cut-capillary-based solution transport mechanisms in a single membrane. The initial portion of the device is fabricated using selective...
Spatial, diel and seasonal variations in dissolved oxygen and
temperature were measured in Triangle Lake, Oregon. Spatial dissolved
oxygen and temperature variations measured in the stratified
lake are presented to illustrate the horizontal uniformity of the lake
and to demonstrate the applicability of the one dimensional assumption
for sampling and...
The study involved three separate research efforts
in which 10 Holstein calves and 85 purebred Hampshire and
Suffolk ewe and ram lambs were employed. The objectives of
the experiments were to characterize appetite, describe its
inheritance and evaluate its associations with animal
performance.
In the calf experiment, appetite was determined...
The objective of the study is to analyze empirically the demand
for hired farm labor and the elasticities of substitution of capital for
labor in the U.S., the Middle Atlantic region, the Pacific region, and
in the states of California and Oregon.
The data period 1941-1969 was analyzed for the...
Competitive bid sales of U.S. Forest Service in the Pacific Northwest
timber resources have significant effects on the economies of
Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. These sales contribute to the economic
vitality of small regions or communities dependent upon timber as a primary
resource input. Any changes in the price or...
Since 2007, electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) sales in the U.S. have surpassed those of tobacco cigarettes. This is due, in part, to manufacturer’s claims that they are a safer alternative to tobacco cigarettes. However, formaldehyde, acrolein, and diacetyl have been detected in e-cigarettes and public knowledge of e-cigarette composition and potential...
Preliminary studies with a dog (Canis familiaris) and a coyote
(Canis latrans) showed that these carnivores can serve as definitive
hosts in the life cycle of Sarcocystis fusiformis of cattle (Bos
taurus) and a microscopic Sarcocystis of mule deer (Odocoileus
hemionus hemionus). Preliminary studies to determine effects of the
cervine...
Bitterbrush [Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC] plants were burned or
clipped, fall and spring, under different soil moisture conditions on
two sites in east-central Oregon. Treatments, on plants of an erect
growth form on the Juniperus/Artemisia-Purshia site resulted in 38% of
the fall-clipped and 40% of the spring-clipped plants sprouting. None...
The validity of the widely used stochastic linearization
method for analysing the response of guyed towers to stochastic loads
is investigated. The governing equations of a guyed tower have two
main sources of nonlinearities, fluid-structure interaction and the
restoring force of the cables. In this study, two models are
considered....
Previous studies of bird communities in the mid-Willamette Valley, Oregon, indicated that Oregon white oak (Ouercus garryana) stands supported more cavity-using bird
species than sympatric stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Mature Oregon oak stands are being harvested and few are regenerating. I compared cavity availability for hole-using fauna among 10...
Studies were conducted over a two year period to evaluate alternative
finishing methods for spring and fall-born beef cattle. Management
alternatives from birth to slaughter included season of calving, lactating
cow nutrition, preweaning calf nutrition, weaning age, calf and
yearling winter nutrition, range and irrigated pasture supplementation,
grazing practice, range...
In mining and mineral processing, compressive loading is often encountered
during the comminution of ore bearing minerals and in the wear resistant materials
used in the comminution circuit. A common thread joining many of the materials that
are primarily used under compressive loading is the presence of a high modulus...
In spite of the lack of accurate information about the
treatability of western wood species with waterborne wood
preservatives, consumption of these products continues to
increase. Western wood species, notably Douglas-fir, are
notoriously difficult to treat with waterborne systems, yet
there is relatively little data on the effects of wood...
Daily and seasonal habitat use by Roosevelt elk was investigated
in the Oregon Coast Range on managed, public forestland. Over 3,700
locations of 6 radio-collared cow elk were recorded during 12 consecutive
months. Two elk formed part of a north band and 4 elk were
part of a south band....
Specialized or secondary metabolism is a collection of pathways and small molecules that, while beneficial to an organism, are not strictly necessary for survival. Plants use secondary metabolites to, among other things, attract pollinators, defend against biotic and abiotic stressors, and form symbioses. Natural products from plants have seen an...
In this dissertation, we use Fourier-analytic and spectral theory methods to analyze the behavior of solutions of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in 2D and 3D (with an eye towards better understanding turbulence). In particular, we investigate the possible existence of so-called ghost solutions to the Navier-Stokes Equations. Such solutions, if...
Cyanolichens, lichens with a cyanobacterial photobiont, benefit our ecosystems by the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form for other organisms. They are highly sensitive to air pollution and require liquid water for photosynthesis. Many cyanolichen species frequently occur on the ground in the Pacific Northwest, however, most macrolichen...
This study was conducted to investigate the production and processing technology of common ryegrass screenings and to determine
the nutritive value of these screenings for sheep. The animal response
to them was assessed when the sheep were fed on the screenings
alone and in combination with other feedstuffs.
Four in...
Elodea densa Planch. was exposed to diquat (6, 7 dihydrodipyrido [1,2-a: 2', 1'-c] pyrazinediium dibromide), alone and in combination
with disodium endothall (disodium salt of 7-oxabicyclo [2.2.1]
heptane-2, 3-dicarboxyclic acid), and copper sulfate pentahydrate.
Studies were conducted in coastal lakes of Oregon infested with E.
densa. Dichlobenil (2, 6 dichlorobenzonitrile)...
Detoxification of atrazine in soils results from both chemical
hydrolysis and microbial degradation.
Infrared analysis was used
to study the hydrolysis of atrazine upon interaction with soil
colloids
and to ascertain the existence of enol, keto, and protonated-keto
forms of hydroxyatrazine.
Evolution of ¹⁴CO₂ from ¹⁴C-atrazine
and ¹⁴C-hydroxyatrazine was indicative...
Oregon College of Education (OCE) is a small, liberal arts college with a special emphasis on the preparation of teachers. Its student population is predominantly from Oregon's Willamette Valley area. OCE developed specific objectives for its teacher education program and the purpose of this study was to determine whether the...
After nearly 20 years of commercial use in orchards without
apparent tree injury in Oregon and Washington, 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)
acetic acid] was reported in 1970 to cause injury to apple
and pear trees in Washington. In the early 1970's, there was widespread
concern among growers, researchers, and processors in the...
Diet, nutrition, and foraging strategies of canvasbacks (Aythya valisineria) and redheads (A. americana) were studied by collecting actively feeding birds throughout the reproductive season in 1980 and 1981; samples of available foods were taken each time a bird was collected. Nutrient composition of the aggregate diet was determined for each...
Spore dispersal gradients and pod disease gradients from point
inoculum sources of Botrytis cinerea were measured over time in two
snap bean field experiments. Laboratory grown inoculum was placed
at ground level in a 30 x 30 cm square at bloom initiation and
removed at full bloom. Dispersal of inoculum,...
The Lyapunov direct method is utilized to determine the
robustness bounds for nonlinear, time-variant uncertainies
p[subscript i]. Determination of the robustness bounds consists of two
principal steps: (i) generation of a Lyapunov function and
(ii) determination of the bounds based on the generated
Lyapunov function. Presently in robustness investigations,
a...
Mechanical behavior of Nb-Ti superconducting composites with copper matrices have
been studied experimentally and theoretically.
Experimental work includes extensive measurements of Cu/Nb-Ti composite system.
Techniques for fine fiber testing and composite wire measurement have been developed.
Experimental parameters examined in this research include geometry, hardness, Young's
modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield...
Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is an important step in the production of wines and is commonly performed in red or cool climate wines to reduce acidity. In this study the impact of MLF on red wine color and the ability of Oenococcus oeni to degrade compounds important to the development of...
The global positioning system (GPS) has come into widespread use for many forestry applications. However, there is still some uncertainty as to how receivers perform in dense forest, where trees interfere with the GPS signal and increase error. These two manuscripts examine GPS accuracy and overall effectiveness within second growth...
Wave dispersion and fracture are phenomena that involve. mechanisms triggered at the scale of a material's internal structure. Experiments were performed with a candidate material to judge the hypothesis that wave dispersion measurements can be used to nondestructively predict fracture strength. Wood-based particleboard was chosen as the candidate material because...
Elastic properties of plywood panels are essential for predicting
structural behavior of wood systems. The ASTM Standard D 3043-76
which evaluates the moduli of elasticity (MOE) of plywood, treats
these panels as one dimensional beams instead of two-dimensional
plates, which results in an overestimate of the MOE. Improved procedures
for...
Sprawled-posture insects exhibit a remarkable ability to rapidly run in a stable manner
over complex terrain, a feat that has yet to be equaled by man-made legged robots.
Recent experimental results suggest that these insects may employ a hierarchical
control structure, in which locomotion performance emerges from a combination of...
Malolactic fermentation (MLF) is important in the production of wines as it reduces acidity through the conversion of malic acid to lactic acid. However, successful MLF can be difficult to achieve due to yeast antagonism of the bacterium responsible for
the secondary fermentation, Oenococcus oeni. In particular, yeast produced sulfur...
Soil surveys provide essential information for making land use and management decisions on publicly-owned lands in the semi-arid Great Basin. Soil maps produced with conventional mapping techniques are time-consuming, costly, and do not explicitly document the soil scientist's mental soil-landscape model. Predictive soils mapping using decision tree analysis (DTA) can...
Children who have multiple family risk factors are at increased risk for poor developmental outcomes, including poor academic achievement. The present study focused on charting the pathways through which early family risk – as indexed by ethnic minority status, low maternal education, low family income, and chronic maternal depressive symptoms...
A large part of low-back pain occurrences are due to disc herniation or prolapse of the nucleus pulposus. An alternative technique to existing treatments of low back pain includes nucleus pulposus replacement by an artificial material to relieve pain and restore normal function. To date, there has been a deficiency...
Vegetation provides food for many insects, and many insects serve as food for bats. We investigated the linkages among these three trophic levels in riparian areas throughout the Oregon Coast Range by examining the influence of vegetation cover, composition, and structure on the activity of nocturnal insects and bats, the...
Chalkbrood is a mycosis of larvae of the alfalfa leafcutting bee,
Megachile rotundata (Fabricius). It is a serious threat to alfalfa seed
growers in western North America who use populations of this bee for
pollination. Basic studies were conducted to determine the etiology of
this disease and the course of...
The production of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) haploids by crossing with
H. bulbosum is a widely used tool in breeding and genetics. Certain barley
genotypes have low seed set in this interspecific cross, a phenomenon known
as partial incompatibility. Haploid production efficiency and gamete sampling
are important issues with the...
Pacific Coast band-tailed pigeons (Columba fasciata) have declined markedly
during the past several decades. Despite implementation of increasingly restrictive
hunting regulations, populations have shown minimal signs of recovery. I radio-marked
127 adult band-tailed pigeons in the central Oregon Coast Range in April-May of 1993-95
to document nesting chronology and productivity,...
The flow of incompressible, viscous fluids in R³ is governed by the non-linear Navier-Stokes equations. Two common linearizations of the Navier-Stokes equations, the Stokes equations and the Oseen equations, are studied in this thesis using probabilistic methods.
The incompressibility condition presents new challenges for the well known theory relating partial...
Wildfire management has grown increasingly complex in recent years,
particularly in the West and in the Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) where a steady
population growth has resulted in greater risk to people and property. Recent trends
suggest the process of recovering from large fires (>100,000 acres) will become
increasingly important to...
The objectives of this study were to quantify and describe:
(1) the major plant communities and their distribution, (2) the
distribution and movement patterns of large herbivores relative to
water, topography, and plant communities, (3) the daily activity
patterns of each herbivore, and (4) the borne range size of wild...
3D vector tomography has been explored and results have been achieved in the last few decades. Among these was a reconstruction formula for the solenoidal part of a vector field from its Doppler transform with sources on a curve. The Doppler transform of a vector field is the line integral...
The metabolism of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus (Stimpson)
was investigated at several levels of urchin organization. Some experiments
were performed with tissues from recently collected
(acclimatized) urchins, Other experiments were performed with tissues
from urchins held at one of two temperatures (acclimated) for
30 days.
Body-component oxygen consumption was measured for bodywall,...
A group of trout that reside in streams of the desiccating lake
basins of southeastern Oregon differ markedly from other known
Salmo. Known commonly as the red-band trout, this fish was subjected
to chromosome analysis for comparison with other species of
western North American Salmo. The karyotype of the red-banded...
Five winter wheat cultivars and their diallel crosses were evaluated for plant height, harvest index, deading-maturity duration, the components of yield, (spikes per plant, spikelets per spike, kernel weight and kernels per spikelet)and total plant yield. Two diverse locations, Moro, a dryland site (250 mm annually) located in central Oregon...
Genetic differences, extent of hybrid vigor, nature of gene
action, heritability estimates, and associations among characteristics,
and between progenies and their respective mid-parents were determined
for seed and plant characteristics in white clover (Trifolium
repens L.).
Ten seed and seedling vigor characteristics, including seed
weight, ATP content in seed, seed...
A study was conducted over a two year period, 1973 through
1974, on perennial ryegrass-subclover pastures with stocking rates
of 7.4 (moderate), 9. 9 (heavy), and 12.4 (overstocked) ewes per
hectare to establish guidelines on stocking intensity for dryland
improved pastures in western Oregon. Climatic conditions varied
annually and caused...
Increases in wheat production due to breeding may be reaching
a plateau. The application of N-fertilizer beyond optimum levels
leads to lodging and to an increase in tiller death. The use of
plant growth regulators (retardants) may be an answer for future
increases in production.
Experiments were conducted in 1983...
A time-domain model was developed to predict the fluid/structure
interaction of a three-dimensional deformable body in a fluid domain subject to
long-crested finite amplitude waves. These nonlinear waves induce transient
motion in the body. In turn, the interaction of the body with the waves modifies
the wave field, causing additional...
The distribution of adult Pacific herring (Clupea harengue
pallasi) near Auke Bay, Lynn Canal, southeastern Alaska, varied by
depth and geographic area over 24 successive months during 1973-75.
From June through September, schools concentrated at 5- to 37-m
depths where zooplankton was abundant, and moderate currents were
present in a...
The diverse community of bacteria living within and on host organisms, known as the microbiome, has an important role in maintaining host health. Dysbiosis, known as a change in the healthy community of the microbiome, has been associated with a number of diseases across host organisms and body sites including...
Since the discovery of penicillin in 1928, the fungal kingdom has remained a fertile source for the discovery of new, biologically active, natural products. Further, as natural products continue to be discovered from fungi, a deeper understanding of the critical role of specialized metabolism in fungal ecology is afforded. The...
Numerical results are presented using a higher-order pseudo-spectral method in order to solve the Zakharov-Craig-Sulem formulation of the Euler model. We study the effects of variable bathymetry on weakly-dispersive, weakly-nonlinear, shallow water waves. Improved predictions on wave amplitude and shoaling behavior are developed by analytical means in the context of...
A three-part study was conducted into the impact of physiological and ecological variables on the net isotopic fractionation of hydrogen, α[subscript K₃₇], expressed in C₃₇ alkenones. First, alkenone-producer production, abundance, and export were characterized in the summertime Gulf of California and Eastern Tropical North Pacific using compound-specific, labeled in situ...
Land useable for livestock grazing in the western United States is
diminishing because of spreading municipalities, irrigation developments,
highway construction, recreational demands and withdrawals.
Concurrently, the demand for livestock and livestock products is increasing
because of a rapidly growing population. As a result, production
from the grazing land that remains...
Maturation rates of monogerm sugar beet seed grown in Western
Oregon were measured quantitatively to determine attainment of maximum
seed development and germination. Seed was collected at various
intervals after anthesis from two hybrid varieties representing the
extremes in resistance (hard bolting) and susceptibility (easy bolting)
to seedstalk development. The...
The objectives of this study were: 1) to identify and map the
experimental area of Meadow Creek watershed by existing vegetation,
and 2) to identify and map the experimental area of Meadow Creek
watershed by habitat types. The classification system adopted for
this study was based on the habitat type...
The antidote (1, 8 naphthalic anhydride) is recommended for
corn protection against EPTC injury where the antidote is applied at
a half percent by weight of corn seeds before planting.
Studies were
conducted to determine the factors affecting the action of antidote in
corn (Zea mays L. var. NB 501D)...
Vessel disasters (e.g., vessels capsizing, sinking, grounding, burning) are the leading contributor to occupational fatalities in the U.S. commercial fishing industry. Vessel disasters are a vital area to target prevention efforts, yet it has been suggested that results produced in scientific studies are not efficiently exchanged between researchers, regulatory bodies...
The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine production
of plant species and utilization by cattle, sheep and deer as related
to plant communities and timber management practices and 2) evaluate
the interaction of range use between cattle and deer and between sheep
and deer as affected by site...
Soil samples from the Mazama tephra deposit were collected
from the AC and C2 horizons at five different locations along the axis
of the main depositional lobe. The clay fraction from the samples
was recovered and studied by means of chemical, x-ray, DTA and
electron microscopy methods in order to...
Multiple use of waste heat from power plants may become an
important consideration in the development, siting, and certification
of these plants. A multiple use system of components that can
beneficially utilize waste heat may include home heating and cooling,
greenhouses, animal enclosures, open basins for single cell protein
production...
Observations were made on silage pH, chemical composition and 24hr in vitro dry matter digestion (IVDMD) to evaluate effects of various additives ensiled with annual ryegrass straw. Additives were compared in factorial designed trials utilizing .95 1 glass jar silos. Selection of additives used in each subsequent trial was based...
Two light sensitive mutants of the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus strain D₃ have been characterized. The photodynamic nature of their sensitivity has been established, the subchloroplast site of photodamage has been investigated, and their noncarotenogenic character has been verified. The two mutants possess several similarities, although mutant L. S. -41...
The major objective of this study was to determine why certain
winter wheat cultivars, when hybridized, will produce a greater proportion
of desirable plants in subsequent, segregating generations.
Three winter wheat parents were chosen as the experimental material,
based on their known performance as parents. Yamhill and
Pullman Selection 101...
More than 200 sites between 500 and 2000 meters elevation
were examined utilizing a reconnaissance sampling technique for a
portion of the eastern slopes of the northern Oregon Cascade Mountains.
Twelve different forested plant communities were described
with data on vegetation, soils and topography. A map of their distribution
and...
The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness
of two religious education curricula in facilitating measure-able
concrete-to-abstract movement in children's religious
thinking. Subjects for the study were 47 fifth and sixth
grade children enrolled in the Sunday School classes of four
Oregon United Methodist Churches. Twenty-four children who...
The genus Deraeocoris Kirschbaum of western America north of
Mexico was revised. Approximately 10,000 specimens from the Nearctic
Region were examined. Taxonomic characters used by previous authors
were reevaluated. In addition to the male parameres, the male vesica
and the female posterior wall of the bursa copulatrix and sclerotized
rings...
This research assessed certain specific plant-soil and community
interrelationships in eastern Oregon habitat types dominated by
subspecies of Artemisia tridentata.
The first evaluation described plant-induced soil chemical patterns for Artemisia tridentata plant communities of high perennial
grass-low shrub and low perennial grass-high shrub composition. Soil
concentrations of total nitrogen, organic...
Heat transfer characteristics and associated temperature and flow fields for natural convection in two-dimensional, square, partitioned and non-partitioned enclosures have been determined for Grashof numbers ranging from 10³ to 10⁶. The vertical side walls of the enclosure are isothermal with all other surfaces assumed to be adiabatic. An adiabatic partition...
A vegetation study was made of four coastal marshes near Juneau,
Alaska. Results confirmed earlier studies' findings in southeast
Alaska that communities or assemblages of species can be identified
but from marsh to marsh these assemblages appear to have no consistent
relationship to each other or to environmental "factors" such...