The immune toxicity of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been studied for over 35 years, but only recently has the profound immune suppression associated with TCDD exposure been linked to induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs). The effects of TCDD are mediated through binding the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription...
The immune toxicity of the ubiquitous environmental contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), commonly referred to as dioxin, has been studied for over 35 years but only recently has the profound immune suppression induced by TCDD exposure been linked to induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs). The effects of TCDD are mediated through...
Suicide rates in adolescents are at an all-time high in the United States and currently the 2nd leading cause of death in adolescents ages 10-19 (CDC, 2017). School counselors have an ethical obligation to protect students from unforeseeable harm and are often on the front lines of intervening when a...
The need to replace the present methods of rating the acceptability of a manufacturer's lot of strawberries is indicated. Work has been done towards adapting and developing laboratory techniques for this purpose.
The quality factors checked upon were the state of maturity, the effectiveness of processing work, and the freedom...
Here presented is a photographic catalogue, a key, and literature review for the 35 genera and 90 species of lepturine longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae: Lepturinae) found in the Pacific Northwest. Several nomenclatural changes, recognized by the global taxonomic community, but previously unknown to North American authors, are adopted, and one new...
Soil moisture in a crop's root zone must be regularly
monitored to accurately predict crop water requirements.
Most irrigation scheduling services currently
use the neutron probe to monitor soil moisture. Unfortunately,
there is a degree of variability associated
with use of the neutron probe creating uncertainty in
measurements of soil...
The rapid development of computing technologies in recent decades has allowed for data to be generated at unprecedented rates. As a result, users are challenged with the task of finding the precise information that they are looking for. Visualization techniques provide the ability to view and analyze data in different...
As a result of numerous financial scandals at the turn of the 21st century, Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley (SOX) Act of 2002, requiring all publicly-listed companies to comply with regulations aimed at reducing the amount of material misstatements in the financial statements, both frauds and errors. Although the costs of...
Farmer cooperatives have often maintained inflexible capital structures which severely restrict members' freedom to allocate their own capital in a most profitable manner. This study was conducted to provide insights into how cooperative finance programs might be modified to provide increased capital and, at the same time, be more acceptable...
Electrical resistivity and thermoelectric power measurements
have been made over the temperature range of 450° to 600°C on
n-type liquid thalliurn-tellurium solutions. Liquids with compositions
from 61.5 to 72.0 atomic percent thallium were studied. In addition,
alloys of some of the three component thallium-teIlurium solutions
containing small amounts of silver,...
In the Western United States where 50-70% of annual precipitation comes in the form of winter snowfall, water supplies may be particularly sensitive to a warming climate. We worked with a network of stakeholders in the Big Wood Basin, Idaho, to explore how climate change may affect water resources and...
Two essays are focused on crop choice and the growth of corn production in
the Corn Belt and surrounding areas. The first essay develops a partially
degenerate nested logit model to examine the effect of price islands and local
ethanol capacity on corn production and crop mix. The primary data...
Climate change is increasing the severity of pest and pathogen infestations affecting forests. Resulting shifts in disturbance patterns can have substantial ecological, social, and economic impacts on forested ecosystems and their dependent communities. Researchers are actively investigating methods to improve tree resistance to specific pests and pathogens and enhance forest...
This study was undertaken to investigate the variation in the total sugar and acid content of the frozen Marshall strawberries grown in different areas of the Pacific Northwest. The samples used in this study were collected from different freezing plants located in the states of Oregon and Washington during the...
Published April 1966. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Under today's environmental conditions and with the increasing worldwide competition for water, errors in irrigation management decisions can be costly. Therefore, providing both accurate evapotranspiration estimation on a daily basis and estimation of the magnitude of error associated with this estimate is vital for informed water management decisions that allow...
The intermittent or cyclic application of water to
furrows or borders, a method known as "surge flow irrigation",
can significantly improve the advance characteristics
of surface irrigation. Numerous field studies have
shown that the advance of furrows is considerably more
rapid when irrigated by surge flow than by the conventional,...
This study was prompted by the need for improving the efficiency of irrigation systems at the Oregon South coastal areas. Accurate information about evapotranspiration (ET) rates is essential for maximizing the efficiency of irrigation systems. Currently, ET estimates provided by Bureau of Reclamation AgriMet Program are derived from the Kimberly...
A growth model is developed for coho salmon which accounts for
temperatures and feeding rates typically encountered in fish hatchery
operation. Feeding rates utilized by the model ranged from
maintenance to maximum utilizable rations. The model is derived from
an empirical equation for maximum growth rate, and a theoretical
equation...
Furrow irrigation is the dominant practice for irrigating row crops in the western Treasure Valley region near Ontario, Oregon. Though improvements have been made in management practices over the years, excessive runoff and deep percolation are still important problems contributing to surface water and groundwater degradation. Field observations were made...
The shallow aquifer in Northeast Malheur County, Oregon is polluted with Nitrates at concentrations exceeding federal drinking water standards. Efforts to solve the groundwater problems in this area have focused on developing farm management practices that will increase groundwater quality while maintaining agricultural production. Furrow irrigation is the dominant practice...
This study investigated the effect of plant surface
area (plant density) on the efficiency of organic carbon
removal in a bench-scale constructed wetland.
Constructed wetlands are commonly assumed to be biofilm
reactors in which organic carbon removal occurs primarily
through sedimentation and aerobic degradation by attached
microbial biofilms. In conventional...
Nitrate contamination in ground and surface waters is of great concern to environmentalists. A two-dimensional model of water and solute movement in soils was used to test the usefulness and relative advantages of a two-dimensional model over a one dimensional model for analysis of deep percolation and nitrate leaching in...
Recycling of water in aquaculture facilities is used to minimize the amount of energy or tempered water required to control water temperatures. The rate of heat exchange between the water and the environment can be an important variable in the design, management, and economic analysis of a recycle system. A...
Improved water use efficiencies in irrigated agriculture are necessary to assist in coping with the accelerating demand and economic competition for the world's fresh water supply and increasing ecological concerns. This will likely rely in part on optimum irrigation, which implies regulated deficit irrigation. While conventional irrigation management is intended...
Potato ground cover and spectral data were measured
in the Columbia Basin during the 1990 growing season.
Three spectral were correlated with ground cover;
normalized difference, near infrared-red ratio, and the
first derivative of the spectral curve at 750 nm. All
models were statistically significant at the 99% level.
Normalized...
Deliberately underirrigating a crop may yield economic
benefits. The optimal use of water by an irrigator
should be achieved under a deficit irrigation regime. It
is important to know how water deficits affect yields and
the interaction of the deficits with the scheduling of
irrigations.
A field experiment was conducted...
The rainfall regime of the Cape Verde Islands is influenced
by the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) resulting in strong
seasonal trends and frequent thunderstorm events. These
events are frequently responsible for the destruction of riverine
structures and valuable crop land.
A menu driven database program (RIS) was developed for
the...
A growing realization that wetlands are potentially
valuable resources has recently stimulated efforts towards
their protection. While a foundation for wetland management
exists, decision makers still lack adequate tools for addressing
issues of wetland preservation vs. development.
Wetland preservation values are often neglected in traditional
market analyses and in the...
This article analyzes how this transition occurred and what significant developments took place that allowed beer and ale to become a tradable and profitable good on the European market. Specifically, it examines the development of brewing as a tripartite progression: (a) that beer and ale were brewed in the 3...
This study examined the relationships between the frequency of occurrence and severity of Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii Engelmann), environmental and stand conditions, and plant communities in the Southern Oregon Cascade Mountain Province. Data for the study was collected from the same ecology plots that were previously used to define...
This study examined the relationships between the frequency of occurrence and severity of Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii Engelmann), environmental and stand conditions, and plant communities in the Southern Oregon Cascade Mountain Province. Data for the study was collected from the same ecology plots that were previously used to define...
Over 150 years ago, C. Bergmann observed a within-species pattern of increasing body size as elevation and latitude increased. Bergmann’s data came from numerous endothermic taxa, but the pattern has since been documented among numerous poikilotherms and invertebrates. The ferocious waterbug Abedus herberti Hidalgo (Hemiptera: Belostomatidae) lives in isolated populations...
The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the effectiveness
of two approaches in nutrition education instruction among culturally
diverse adolescents: the teacher-oriented lecture approach and the
student-oriented instructional design approach. The study was
designed to help culturally diverse students gain a basic
understanding of practices that promote...
The goal of this project was to develop and test non-herbicidal techniques that remove nonnative
plant or weed seeds from the top 2 inches of the soil. The Nature Conservancy (TNC) is
currently restoring prairies in the Willamette Valley. Some areas of the Pacific Northwest have
already seen loss of...
A hydraulic power-take-off was designed and built for outboard
engines typical of those used on small boats and Pacific City-type
dories. An associated hydraulic system was developed for use on
these boats to provide power for fishing machinery. The power for
each system was provided by a hydraulic pump direct-drive...
A new experimental apparatus was built at Oregon State University to perform high resolution stimulated Raman spectroscopy in a pulsed molecular jet at state densities of the order of 10¹¹ cm⁻³. The technique uses a stimulated Raman step to first populate a vibrational/rotational level and then a resonantly enhanced multiphoton...
The diffusion coefficients of several chlorinated hydrocarbons
in air were determined by using an Arnold cell. The chlorinated
hydrocarbons used were carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, 1, 2-
dichloroethane and dichloromethane. To determine the reliability
of the experimental method, diffusion coefficients were obtained
for benzene and ethanol. These were compared with diffusion...