This project describes the investigation of marine cyanobacteria collected from the Red Sea with an emphasis on the identification and prioritization of biologically active fractions for future purification and molecular structure elucidation of medicinally relevant secondary metabolites.
Five crude extracts of taxonomically unidentified Red Sea cyanobacteria supplied by Egyptian collaborators...
Quinolinate (QUIN) is an endogenous neurotoxic product of the kynurenine
pathway of tryptophan metabolism. Quinolinate is a selective agonist of the NMDA
family of glutamate receptors and, as such, may play a role in the pathology of a number
of major central nervous system (CNS) disorders. These include both chronic...
Tetracycline (Tet)-resistant strains of Chlamydia suis were isolated from swine
farms in the Midwest. The isolation of the resistant strains was significant
because Tet is an antibiotic used to treat infections by veterinarians and
doctors. One of the tetracycline (Tet)-resistant strains, R19, was able to
survive in Tet up to...
Myxobacteria represent an interesting class of Gram-negative soil bacteria. These bacteria utilize organic materials from the environment as a food source by the action of their extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. They grow vegetatively in the presence of adequate nutrients. During starvation conditions, however, they aggregate and form multicellular structures called fruiting...
Two novel and highly related C₂H₂ zinc finger proteins (CTIP1/BCL11A/EVI9 and CTIP2/BCL11B/Rit1) have been implicated in COUP-TF signaling, etiology of myeloid and lymphoid malignancies, and hematopoietic cell development. However, the precise cellular function(s) and the contribution of these proteins to neoplastic processes and hematopoietic cell development remain unknown. The goal...
Pactamycin, a potent antitumor antibiotic produced by the soil bacterium Streptomycespactum, is a structurally unique aminocyclopentitol-containing natural product. Itconsists of a highly functionalized cyclopentitol core unit, two aromatic rings [3-aminoacetophenone (3AAP) and 6-methylsalicylic acid (6MSA)], and a 1,1-dimethylurea moiety. Despite its potent biological activity, the development of thisantibiotic was hampered...
The discovery of new antibiotics reached its peak during the golden era of antibiotics in the mid 20th century and continued to thrive until the 1980s. However, after more than 50 years of fruitful exploration and exploitation of microbial natural products the discovery rate of new antibiotics has dropped drastically...
This thesis describes an investigation of the molecular basis of the substrate specificity and catalytic mechanism of a unique pseudoglycosyltransferase (PsGT) enzyme, VldE. PsGTs are a newly discovered group of glycosyltransferase (GT)-like proteins that catalyze the transfer of a pseudosugar to an acceptor molecule via a C-N bond formation. This...
Microbial natural products represent a massive repository of unique chemical scaffolds with corresponding diverse biological functions. However, in the past decade the development of natural products into new therapeutics has dwindled, in part due to the challenges posed by high rediscovery rates and low throughput associated with classical bioassay-guided fractionation...