There is concern that the conifer component of mixed conifer-deciduous forests in the Great Lakes region is on the decline, possibly the result of insufficient conifer regeneration. Limitations on conifer regeneration t ...

The interactive impact of overstory canopy closure, understory brush control, and simulated white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann) herbivory (i.e., clipping) on growth and survival of underplanted white p ...

We investigated impacts of harvesting on soil disturbance and vegetation in the aspen cover type of northern Minnesota, United States. The soil disturbance (resistance to penetration) and understory vegetation were char ...

Canopy gap formation is a major factor contributing to maintenance of overstory species diversity and stand structure in forests and may be integral to development of understory shrub and herb layers as well. Acknowledge ...

The increased interest in red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) management instigated research in growth and yield and stand development of red alder in pure and mixed red alder/Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) ...

Across western Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, forest management practices over the past century reduced the amount of late-successional forest while simultaneously increasing the amount of young (less than 80 ...