http://hdl.handle.net/1957/22391 2013-05-16T10:36:37Z 2013-05-16T10:36:37Z Chenyambuga, Sebastian Wilson Madalla, Nazael Mnembuka, Berno http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37878 2013-03-25T22:30:24Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Management and Value Chain of Nile Tilapia Cultured in Ponds of Small-scale Farmers in Morogoro Region, Tanzania Chenyambuga, Sebastian Wilson; Madalla, Nazael; Mnembuka, Berno A study was carried out to assess production performance and value chain of Nile tilapia grown in ponds of small-scale farmers in Morogoro region, Tanzania. Information was collected through individual interviews of 30 fish farmers. The main reasons for culturing fish were provision of animal protein food for home consumption (66.7%) and generation of income (23.3%). Fish farming contributed 10.6% of household annual income and was ranked second to crop production (50%). The majority of the farmers were fertilizing their ponds with chicken manure (30.0%) and cattle manure (23.3%). Most farmers (73.3%) cultured pure stand of Nile tilapia and only few (26.7%) practiced polyculture of Nile tilapia and African catfish. All farmers depended on natural food as a source of feed for their fish. Moreover, the farmers were feeding maize bran (96.7%), vegetables (66.7%), and kitchen leftovers (13.3%) as supplementary feeds. Men were responsible for purchasing and stocking fingerlings (60.0%), feeding (40.0%), pond maintenance (53.3%), harvesting (60.0%) and selling (43.3%). Women were mainly involved in fish processing (76.7%). The average period from stocking to harvesting was 5.75 ± 0.18 months for Nile tilapia and the mean yield was 6,946.2 kg/ha per year. About 22.2% of the harvested fish were consumed at home and the remaining (77.8%) were sold. The main actors in the value chain of cultured Nile Tilapia were fingerling producers, fish farmers and consumers. Most farmers sold fresh fish directly to neighbours (70.0%) and consumers in the local market within the village (30.0%). It is concluded that small-scale fish farming is important for provision of animal protein food and income and is done mostly by men, and it is characterized by low productivity due to improper pond fertilization and feeding. The major problems to Nile tilapia farming under small-scale fish farming is lack of funds, stunted growth of stocked fish, inadequate knowledge on fish farming and unavailability of concentrate feeds. This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/).

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Le, Xuan Sinh http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37877 2013-03-25T22:05:46Z 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z

Considerations on the policy environment for aquaculture in Vietnam Le, Xuan Sinh The fishery sector, including capture, aquaculture, processing and suportive services, plays an important role to the whole economy of Vietnam. Total aquatic production of the country increased about 3 times after 15 years, from 1.02 million tones in 1990 to 3.43 million tones in 2005. The growth of aquaculture production was from 0.30 million tones in 1990 to 1.44 million tones in 2005 or increased 4.6 times, faster compared with that of capture (from 0.79 to 1.99 million tones, respectively). Aquaculture becomes more and more crucial when it contributes over 50% of the total aquatic production of Vietnam. How to obtain a sustainable development of the whole sector, particularly aquaculture, is a big and difficult question which requires the answers from different aspects, not only technical and socio-economic aspects but also environmental and political aspects. This paper is aimed at the policy environment for aquaculture development in Vietnam. Economic reform or Doi moi process started from the end of 1980s leading to further improvement in the policy environment and helped to result in an impressive development of Vietnam's fishery sector, especially aquaculture sub-sector. Major considerarions are focused on: (1) Land reform policy/Laws with conversion of inefficient agricultural land into aquaculture; (2) Environmental Laws with with the use and management of water, natural aquatic resources and wetland forests; (3) Finance and investment; (4) Seed supply, use and management; (5) Feed supply, use and management; and (6) Chemicals and medicine supply, use and management. The analysis is also linked with processing and export of aquatic products, the integration process (WTO), and three most important cultured species in Vietnam at the present time, i.e., tra/basa (Pangasius hypophthalmus/Pangasius bocourti), black tiger shrimp (Penaneus monodon) and hard clam (Meretrix lyrata). It is revealed that many of the issued policies and regulations were ineffective or even unacted while more and appropriate ones need to be provided for further development of aquaculture and fishery sector. Abstract only.

2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Sylvia, Gilbert Jodice, Laurie Harte, Michael http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37876 2013-03-25T22:04:29Z 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z

Building decision-making capability in international seafood marketing: Field-researched, decision-focused case method Sylvia, Gilbert; Jodice, Laurie; Harte, Michael Extended abstract.

2008-01-01T00:00:00Z Sauer, Warwick Kleinschmidt, Horst Moolla, Shaheen http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37870 2013-03-25T20:54:04Z 2008-01-01T00:00:00Z

An appraisal of fisheries science and management after 14 years of democracy in South Africa Sauer, Warwick; Kleinschmidt, Horst; Moolla, Shaheen The Constitutional imperative in South Africa after 1994 was to build a just and equitable order that would benefit its entire people's after centuries of social and legal privilege benefited ruling minorities. In 1998 new era fisheries legislation aimed to redistribute fishing access rights and reform the sector. The challenge was to take away from some and to give to others, such that fish stocks should not be compromised, social equity would be better served and yet to achieve this via democratic principles and upholding of the rule of law. Legal and social conflict was an inevitable consequence. False starts, administrative incapacity and new inequalities were given rise to. Inadequate political support, court challenges, including to the highest Constitutional court, followed from those who felt too little had been allocated their way and from those who felt too much had been taken from them. By 2008 the conflict was still not settled. How can monopolistic features of a modern, high investment industry, able to maximize the value of its product be maintained in part but at the same time meet fishing community expectations and return historic rights in a new dispensation, but one that enshrines capitalist principles. We examine the effect of the allocation of long term rights in South Africa and the state of marine science and marine resources fourteen years into the new dispensation. The paper is a first attempt to draw a dispassionate environmental balance sheet in this complex set of competing factors. Are marine resources the inevitable loser in battlefield field of human accommodations? Abstract only.

2008-01-01T00:00:00Z