Abstract:
Using a qualitative approach, this study explored how participation in a
family literacy program can impact important relationships beyond the targeted
parent-child dyad. Interviews with 108 parents, were collected over four program
years, 1996-1999, as part of the statewide evaluation of Oregon's Even Start
Family Literacy programs, were analyzed using a systems theory framework. The
findings provided support for the theoretical framework, where not only the target
parent and child participants' relationship changed as a result of participation, but
also relationship changes with non-participant children, partners, peers, and
extended family were reported.
These relationship changes were examined, by using the participants' words
to gain greater insight into the types of changes that occurred and the process of
that change. Parent's reported increases in home-based literacy activities with their
children and greater knowledge of basic child development, which led to
improvements in parent-child interactions. Participant's also indicated learning
effective communication skills and anger management techniques, as well as
discipline strategies that were less punitive. Interviews revealed that some skills
learned in Even Start rippled out to their intimate partners as well. Some parents
disclosed that Even Start was particularly supportive and helpful in the few
instances of oppression and domestic violence. Hispanic participants noted more
frequent changes in their intimate relationships, as they were more likely to be
partnered. They indicated becoming less dependent on their partners, which led to
positive changes in their marital relationships.
Most participants initially indicated being isolated from both family and
friends, however participation in Even Start led to expanded social networks.
Some participants changed their peer groups as a result of participation. Hispanic
participants were especially appreciative of the opportunity to socialize with other
parents through participation in Even Start.
The findings offer important implications for future research and
practitioners. Even Start appears to be effective in fostering overall family well-being
and expanding social networks. Additional investigation using a triangulation
of methods is needed to further examine the effectiveness of this program,
particularly the parenting classes.
