Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

A microprobe study of metalliferous sediment components

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  • Examination of polished sections of manganese micronodules from metalliferous sediments from the Bauer Deep reveals sequences of ferromanganese deposition which are consistent for micronodules from a single sediment sample and imply a common depositional history for members of such assemblages. The relatively simple 'stratigraphy' of manganese micronodules, as compared to macronodules, makes stratigraphic correlation of depositional histories easier and more conclusive for micronodules than macronodules. Quantitative microprobe analysis and X-ray mircodiffraction patterns indicate that the major authigenic silicate component of metalliferous sediment is an iron- and magnesium-rich, low-aluminum nontronite. Microprobe and X-ray microdiffraction analyses of manganese micronodules establish todorokite as the predominant crystalline component. Comparison of the distributions of lanthanum, cerium, and samarium in micronodules and phosphatic fish debris indicates that bulk sediment REE distribution is determined by the relative abundances of cerium-enriched micronodules and cerium-depleted biogenic phosphate.
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