Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

 

Geographic variation in genetic and meristic characters of coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) Public Deposited

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/jw827f93b

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  • Understanding how populations within a species interact across various geographic and temporal scales is fundamental to developing appropriate conservation strategies. I examined the geographic variation in genetic and meristic characters of coastal cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) based on approximately 1,400 fish sampled from 54 populations spanning their distributional range (northern California to Prince William Sound, Alaska). Four geographic areas, based on general biogeographical boundaries largely driven by Pleistocene glaciation, were used to examine regional patterns of population structure. Across their range, the population structure of coastal cutthroat trout was that of many diverse local populations. Populations exhibited extensive variation in meristic characters across their range. Regional clustering of populations from the southern portion of the range contrasted with the central and northern portion of the range which did not exhibit geographical concordance. In addition to the strong phenetic affinity of the southern populations, the intra-regional differences among populations in the southern region was greater than that observed in other regional areas. Analysis of genetic population structure based on 30 enzyme encoding loci revealed geographic concordance of populations in the northern and southern regions of the range with little geographic concordance in genetic structure from populations in the central regions of the range. Throughout the range, isolation-by-distance (IBD) was detected at a regional scale (<800 km) and was strongest in the northern and southern regions. The primary genetic structure of coastal cutthroat trout populations occurred at the individual stream level, and there was genetic affinity among populations at a regional scale. The strong geographic concordance and inter-regional divergence of meristic characters exhibited by the southern populations was consistent with other ecological studies that have found that peripheral populations tend to be genetically and morphologically divergent from central populations and morphological characters are expected to diverge more rapidly in isolated populations than gene frequencies. These data suggest that compared to other species of Pacific salmon and trout, coastal cutthroat trout are characterized by many smaller, genetically diverse local populations that act in a more independent, isolated nature over short time frames (<100 years).
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