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Bycatch Avoidance Programs in Two New England (USA) Fisheries

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  • We conducted similar bycatch avoidance programs in two New England fisheries: yellowtail flounder bycatch in the sea scallop closed area fisheries and river herring bycatch in the Atlantic herring and mackerel fishery. These species have different behavioral properties: sea scallops are sessile; yellowtail flounder are demersal with limited but unknown range. Herring and mackerel are pelagic species with wide spatial and temporal ranges; river herring are anadromous. Management actions also differed between the two fisheries. The sea scallop closed area fisheries were limited in time and space with hard quotas for each species. The herring and mackerel fishery was limited in large scale areas by hard quotas, without quotas for river herring. Fishermen were motivated to avoid river herring by strong conservation pressure, river herring are listed as a species of concern and under review for endangered species by the U.S. agencies, which designation would effectively close the Atlantic herring fishery. In the scallop fisheries, we mapped and updated densities for target and bycatch stocks through real-time monitoring and communicated hotspots with captains at sea. In the herring and mackerel fishery we identified densities through port sampling and communicated hotspots to captains at sea. We also reported environmental factors of river herring density such as depth to captains. Percent participation exceeded 75% in each fisheries with evidence of avoidance behavior in both fisheries. Yellowtail bycatch was sharply reduced in the scallop closed area fisheries with some reduction of river herring bycatch in the herring and mackerel fisheries.
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  • Georgianna, D. et al. Bycatch Avoidance Programs in Two New England (USA) Fisheries. In: Visible Possibilities: The Economics of Sustainable Fisheries, Aquaculture and Seafood Trade: Proceedings of the Sixteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 16-20, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Edited by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2012.
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  • AQUAFISH, USAID, NEPAD Planning and Coordination Agency, Norad, The World Bank, Hyatt Regency Dar es Salaam, NAAFE, World Wildlife Fund, United Nations University Fisheries Training Programme, ICEIDA, JICA, JIFRS, The European Association of Fisheries Economists, International Seafood Sustainability Foundation
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