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The Non Biological Productions of Mpas As a Major Driver Marine Resources Conservation's Governance

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  • Based on empirical studies carried out in Reunion Island, Moheli (Comoros) and Madagascar, this communication deals with the non biological productions of MPAS as a major driver of the marine resources conservations governance. Three types of productions can be drawn for each type of stakeholders: territorial, behavioural and economic. Firtly, the MPA zoning produces new territories, which are generally designed according to ecological parameters (habitat status,..). They overlap with a) the territories of the previous uses of seascape and b) the cultural grounds related to the territorial identity of coastal communities. For the previous users, this overlapping produces both an economical and a terrestrial cost. When the MPA zoning legitimates new uses of the seascape, it produces new territories and sometimes territorial identity. Secondly, MPAs produce lots of talks: direct (from the managers) and indirect (from the coastal populations). These talks lead to hope and satisfaction among the MPA winners or angry and dissatisfaction among the loosers. It is expected that a) after several years hope becomes satisfaction and angry becomes neutrality or satisfaction towards the MPA whose effectiveness has been proved, b) this process is sustainable. In fact this process is very vulnerable to the efficiency of MPA governance, in terms of financial security and ecological results. Satisfaction can move to dissatisfaction and then angry. When previous winners become or feel becoming loosers, they loose their trust into the MPA managers. Reversing this last process needs lots of energy and money. Thirdly, economical productions are both positive and negative. Positive aspects concern the direct wages of rangers, the fishing incomes due to the spill over effect, the income generating activities implemented to improve the social acceptability of MPAs. Negative aspects concern the lack of equity in the income distribution generating envy and finally lack of social acceptability of MPAs. These non biological productions of MPAs work as sociosystem services towards both the ecosystem and the coastal sociosystem and also cost towards the coastal populations. The social acceptability of MPAs for the stakeholders change according to the difference between services provided and costs generated by the MPA.
  • Keywords: Fisheries Economics, Economics and Marine Conservation, Fishery Management
  • Keywords: Fisheries Economics, Economics and Marine Conservation, Fishery Management
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  • David, Gilbert and Aurélie Thomassin. 2010. The Non Biological Productions of Mpas As a Major Driver Marine Resources Conservation's Governance. In: Proceedings of the Fifteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, July 13-16, 2010, Montpellier, France: Economics of Fish Resources and Aquatic Ecosystems: Balancing Uses, Balancing Costs. Compiled by Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics & Trade, Corvallis, Oregon, USA, 2010.
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  • US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries Division, Agence Française de Développement, Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Ministère de L’Alimentation de L’Agriculture et de la Pêche, Ministère de l’Énergie, du Développement Durable et de la Mer, La Région Languedoc Rouslilon, Département Hérault, Montpellier Agglomèration, The Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada, and AquaFish Collaborative Research Support Program (CRSP).
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