Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Benthic macroinvertebrates and sediment characteristics of a coastal dune margin lake (Carter Lake, Douglas County, Oregon)

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  • Carter Lake, a freshwater, coastal dune-margin lake, was sampled at the beginning and end of the summer of 1986 to determine the sediment characteristics and benthic macroinvertebrate abundance, biomass, variety, and diversity. The distributions of major benthic habitats were estimated by snorkeling in June and July, 1986. Water temperature and dissolved oxygen were measured throughout the summer of 1986. In July 1987, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, alkalinity and pH were determined. Thermal stratification was not observed during this study and the water column warmed gradually between April and July. Dissolved oxygen remained close to 100% saturation throughout the study. The water level of Carter Lake dropped about 2.5 m between May and October, reducing its surface area by about 40%. The benthic habitats of Carter Lake were stratified into four major zones: a sandy temporarily submerged littoral zone; a sandy but permanently submerged littoral zone; a mid-depth zone where a macrophyte, Nitella. grew; and a deep zone with soft mud substrate. The average density of benthic macroinvertebrates was highest in the shallow permanently submerged zone ( >16000 / m² in May and October ) and lowest in the deep mud zone ( 2900 / m² in May and 4700 / m² in October ). In May, benthic macroinvertebrate biomass was highest in the shallow zones ( 1.3 - 2.9 g / m² dry weight ); in October biomass was highest in the mid-depth zone ( 4.4 g/m² dry weight, excluding crayfish and mussels ). Fifty-three invertebrate taxa were identified from Carter Lake, including three euryhaline crustacean species ( Corophium spinicorne. Gnorimosphaeroma oregonensis lutea. and Acanthomysis awatchensis ) . Corophium spinicorne dominated the macroinvertebrate communities of the shallow areas and sphaeriid clams dominated the deep water community. The mid-depth zone had the most diverse community. Two species that were abundant in the temporarily submerged area, Corophium spinicorne and Juga piicifera. were found in greater numbers deeper in the lake after the water level dropped, indicating that these species migrate in response to changing water level.
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