Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

 

Comparison of high and low tannin sorghum grain with low quality roughage for feeding ruminants Public Deposited

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/t722hd609

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  • Two studies were conducted to compare lamb feedlot performance and digestibility of nutrients by lambs fed rations containing bird-resistant and bird-susceptible sorghum grain with 20 or 40% tall fescue hay as a source of roughage. Four rations were fed ad libitum on the performance study and at 80% of ad libitum on the digestibility trial. All rations included cottonseed meal, animal fat, urea and limestone. Rations 1, 2, 3 and 4 contained 39.2, 66.9, 39.3 and 67.0% grain sorghum and 40.9, 20.6, 40.8 and 20.6% hay, respectively. Results indicated lambs on high roughage treatments with depression in dry matter (-4.8%), organic matter (-3.6%), crude protein (-4.9%), ether extract (-1.6%), nitrogen-free-extract (-1.5%) and energy (-2.3%) digestibility and decreased copper excretion (-10.7%). CWC (202.66%), cellulose (18.00%), acid detergent fiber (24.6%) and total ash (11.2%) digestibility and NR (11.3%) indicated some improvement in high roughage diets. When digestible energy was considered on the basis of concentrate consumed daily, it showed an increase of 31.2% over the low roughage treatments. Lambs on high tannin treatments showed depression in dry matter (-2.3%), organic matter (-3.7%0, crude protein (-5.6%), nitrogen-free-extract (-2.3%), energy (-3.7%), CWC (9.1%) and cell contents (-3.3%) digestibility, and in nitrogen retention (-1.7%) and total phosphorus (-6.2%) excretion. Ether extract (4.6%), ADF (12.7%), total ash (41.7%, p<.01) and cellulose (16.8%) digestibility showed improvement, while copper (9.7%) excretion increased. Lambs receiving high roughage rations experienced some improvement in feed intake per pen (7.9%), ADG (3.7%), YG (8.8%), percent kidney fat (15.2%, p<.01), quality grade (.4%) and loin eye area (3.6%). Leg conformation score (LCS), fat thickness (FT) and dressing percent were depressed by 1.0, 18.0 and 6.8% compared to low roughage treatments. Lambs on the high tannin treatments experienced some improvement in FI (4.6%), YG (4.9%), kidney fat (7.0%), loin eye area (7.5%) and dressing percent (2.9%). Leg conformation score seemed to be depressed by the high tannin level (-3.8%). Lambs on high roughage treatments had a poorer FE ratio (7.8) than those consuming the low roughage ration (7.5). A similar trend was observed with high tannin (8.1) as compared to low tannin treatments (7.4). Cost per kilogram of gain in liveweight or carcass was higher (18.1 and 26.9%, respectively) for lambs on high roughage treatments than those consuming low roughage rations. Observations on high tannin versus low tannin rations showed similar trends (7.2 and 4.2%, respectively). High roughage diets seemed to give an increase in TVFA (13.5%), NH3-N (67.7%) and acetate:propionate ratio (59.7%). Increased amounts of TVFA (13.5%) and NH3-N (13.7%) and a wider acetate:propionate ratio (4.2%) were observed in the high tannin diets.
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