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Phytochemicals from cruciferous vegetables, epigenetics, and prostate cancer prevention

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/1831cq610

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  • Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated a reduced risk of prostate cancer associated with cruciferous vegetable intake. Follow-up studies have attributed this protective activity to the metabolic products of glucosinolates, a class of secondary metabolites produced by crucifers. The metabolic products of glucoraphanin and glucobrassicin, sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol respectively, have been the subject of intense investigation by cancer researchers. Sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol inhibit prostate cancer by both blocking initiation and suppressing prostate cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. Research has largely focused on the anti-initiation and cytoprotective effects of sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol through induction of Phase I and Phase II detoxification pathways. With regards to suppressive activity, research has focused on the ability of sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol to antagonize cell signaling pathways known to be dysregulated in prostate cancer. More recent investigations have characterized the ability of sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol derivatives to modulate the activity of enzymes controlling the epigenetic status of prostate cancer cells. In this review we will summarize the well-established, “classic” non-epigenetic targets of sulforaphane and indole-3-carbinol, and highlight more recent evidence supporting these phytochemicals as epigenetic modulators for prostate cancer chemoprevention.
  • Keywords: sulforaphane, prostate cancer, I3C, epigenetic
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  • Watson, G. W., Beaver, L. M., Williams, D. E., Dashwood, R. H., & Ho, E. (2013). Phytochemicals from cruciferous vegetables, epigenetics, and prostate cancer prevention. AAPS Journal, 15(4), 951-961. doi:10.1208/s12248-013-9504-4
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  • 15
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  • 4
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  • Our work is funded by NIH grants CA90890, CA65525, CA122906, CA122959, and CA80176 and by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Center grant P30 ES00210.
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