Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

An evaluation in rainbow trout of biliary excretion of sulfobromophthalein and effects of biliary excretion on the toxicity of rotenone

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  • Biliary excretion has been of considerable interest in mammals but has not been extensively studied in fish. To understand the significance of biliary excretion in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), two studies were conducted. The objective of the initial study was to evaluate the ability of rainbow trout to excrete a foreign compound typically excreted by the vertebrate liver. This problem was approached by evaluating biliary excretion and metabolism of sulfobromophthalein (BSP) in trout and comparing the results with literature values for mammals. Results indicated this dye is metabolized and excreted similarily in trout, dogfish (Squalus acanthias) and mammals. Large differences between trout and other species in transport maxima (Tm) of BSP based on body weights, were explained when the Tm values were based on liver blood clearance of BSP, a physiological rate reflecting blood flow. The objective of the second study was to determine if biliary excretion affects the toxicity of a foreign compound toxic to trout. This problem was approached by evaluating the effect of bile and cystic duct ligation on the mean lethal dose (LD 50) of rotenone to trout. To determine if biliary excretion affected the selective toxicity of this compound to trout, the effect of bile duct ligation on the rotenone LD 50 to rats was estimated and the results were compared with those obtained from the trout. The toxicant was administered intraperitoneally and intravenously in trout and intraperitoneally in rats. No increase in toxicity of rotenone occurred upon surgical impairment of bile flow in either the trout or the rats, Similarities in the toxicity of rotenone to trout and rats were observed when the toxicant was administered intraperitoneally, The data suggest the selective toxicity of rotenone to fish may be primarily caused by different routes of entry. The results of these experiments indicate the excretory functions of the liver of fish and mammals are similar.
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