Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Tiller development in Dactylis Glomerata L. as influenced by nutrient supply and panicle removal

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  • Experiments were conducted under controlled environments to investigate the influence of nutrient supply and panicle removal on tiller and panicle production in orchardgrass. Propagules of two clones, MID-5 (Clone 0), from the synthetic variety Pennlate, and Clone B, a locally adapted clone, were utilized for these studies. Tiller production was decreased when nitrogen or phosphorus deficient nutrient solutions were applied during the inductive and initiation period. Tiller production was primarily dependent on the nitrogen supply during the initiation period and, to a lesser extent, on the nitrogen level during the inductive period. Phosphorus supply appeared to be more important to tiller production during the inductive period than the initiation period. Potassium deficient nutrient solution did not appear to decrease tiller production during the inductive period, but reduced tiller production during the subsequent initiation period. The potassium level in the plant appeared to be sufficiently high to maintain vigorous growth during the inductive period. When nutrient solutions deficient in nitrogen or phosphorus were applied during the inductive period, none of the plants flowered unless high levels of the nutrients were supplied during the initiation period. When the nitrogen or phosphorus supply was high during the inductive period, deficiencies during the initiation period did not influence the number of panicles. Potassium supply during the inductive period did not significantly influence the number of panicles produced, but low potassium during the initiation period appeared to reduce panicle production. When plants were grown under low light energy during the initiation period, only tillers that had emerged during the inductive period became reproductive. When the light energy during the initiation period was high, over 85 percent of the panicles were produced from tillers that emerged during the initiation period. Tiller production in orchardgrass during the initiation period appeared to be a cyclic phenomenon with a lower percentage of tillers becoming reproductive with each cycle. When the panicles were removed, more tillers became reproductive after the first cycle compared to plants in which the panicles were not removed. Tiller production in the second cycle was greatest if the panicles were removed. Panicle removal did not increase dry matter production of the plants.
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