Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The effect of estradiol on the fatty acid metabolism of the rat

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  • Female Sprague-Dawley rats (220-240 g) were ovariectomized and seven days later were either treated as controls or received a single injection of either 0.1 μg, 100 μg, or 2 mg of estradiol-17β dissolved in 0.1 cc propylene glycol. These rats were autopsied either 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, or 72 hours after injection. Some of the ovariectomized animals were also hypophysectomized on either the fifth or sixth day after castration. Of these, some were injected with a single dose of either 2 mg estradiol, or 10 or 20 IU of ACTH. Plasma samples of all of the treatments included in this study were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography for the percent composition of fatty acids present. The percent composition of fatty acids present in adipose tissue for some control and 100 μg and 2 mg ovariectomized estradiol treated animals are included. Identification of fatty acids was based on relative retention times and separation by thin layer chromatography. Free fatty acid levels were determined for ovariectomized animals which received 2 mg estradiol. Both whole body and dorso-lumbar fat pad weights were recorded. It was determined that estradiol at all levels tested brings about a change in the composition of the plasma fatty acids 24 hours after injection. As dosage increased the change becomes more pronounced. At the lowest dose (0.1 μg) only slight changes appear at 24 hours after injection. With 100 μg the fatty acid composition starts to change by 12 hours after injection, is complete by 24 hours and then returns to the control levels by 72 hours. With 2 mg the fatty acid composition remains altered for the duration of time (72 hours) studied. The changes in fatty acid levels at 24 hours after injection of 2 mg estradiol are as follows: palmitic acid changes from 16.61 ± 0.56% in the non-injected controls to 23.69 ± 0.74% in the treated animals, stearic acid changes from 16.44 ± 0.43% to 12.81 ± 0.54%, oleic acid changes from 13.66 ± 0.39% to 20.58 ± 0.76%, linoleic acid changes from 19.48 ± 0.51% to 26.01 ± 0.56% and arachidonic acid changes from 33.30 ± 0.92% to 16.91 ± 1.08%. No change was noted in the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue, nor were the dorso-lumbar fat pad weights affected by estradiol treatment. Plasma free fatty acids showed no significant changes. A slight decrease was observed in the body weights of those animals treated with 2 mg estradiol. Plasma fatty acid composition in hypophysectomized plus estradiol or ACTH treated animals was similar to that of ovariectomized estradiol treated animals. Mechanisms are presented for the altered plasma fatty acid compositions brought about by estradiol and hypophysectomy treatment. Their significance is discussed.
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