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Liquid Corn and Fish Fertilizers Are Good Options for Fertigation in Blackberry Cultivars Grown in an Organic Production System

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  • The impact of organic fertilizer source on the growth, fruit quality, and yield of blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) cultivars (Marion and Black Diamond) grown in a machine-harvested, organic production system for the processed market was evaluated from 2011 to 2013. The planting was established in Spring 2010 using approved practices for organic production and was certified in 2012. Plants were irrigated using a dripline under a woven polyethylene groundcover (weed mat) installed for weed management. Two sources of liquid fertilizer were evaluated: 1) a corn steep liquor and fish waste digestion blend (‘‘corn’’; 2.5N–1.1P–1.2K); and 2) a fish solubles and molasses blend (‘‘fish’’; 4N–0P–1.7K). Fertilizers were applied by fertigation through the drip system at rates of 56 kg·ha⁻¹ nitrogen (N) per year in 2011–12 and 90 kg·ha⁻¹ N in 2013. The impact of fertigation on drip system performance was evaluated with two maintenance options, ‘‘flushing’’ and ‘‘no flushing’’ of the driplines. Total yield differed among years, whereas fruit soluble solids concentration and firmness as well as floricane biomass at pruning showed a year 3 cultivar interaction. ‘Black Diamond’ had greater total yield and average fruit weight than ‘Marion’, but produced a greater proportion unmarketable fruit. There was no effect of fertilizer source on yield, fruit quality, primocane length, or primocanes/plant in any year with the exception of fruit weight,which was greater with corn than with fish. ‘Marion’ had a greater floricane biomass when fertilized with fish than with corn. Soil nutrients were within the recommended range, except for boron (B), which was below recommended levels. Only soil nitrate-N was affected by fertilizer source, which was greater in ‘Marion’ than in ‘Black Diamond’ when fertilized with fish. Primocane leaf tissue nutrient concentrations were within recommended levels for all nutrients, except for calcium (Ca) and B, which were below recommended standards in both cultivars. Primocane leaf potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) concentrations were greater with fish than with corn. There was no fertilizer source or maintenance effect on emitter flow rate of the drip system in either year. However, flow rates decreased an average of 4.5% in the first year and 19% in the second year. Overall, there were no differences between the fertilizers on plant growth, yield, or fruit quality, and both fertilizers were suitable for planting establishment.
  • This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Society for Horticultural Science and can be found at: http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/.
  • Keywords: Drip, Soil, Hydrolysate, Fish emulsion, Tissue nutrients, Rubus, Corn steep liquor, Fruit quality, Machine harvest, Fertilizer injection
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  • Fernandez-Salvador, J., Strik, B. C., & Bryla, D. R. (2015). Liquid corn and fish fertilizers are good options for fertigation in blackberry cultivars grown in an organic production system. HortScience, 50(2), 225-233.
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  • 50
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  • 2
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  • We appreciate research funding support provided by the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Formula Grant no. OREI 2010-01940; ORE00409).
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