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Buizert, C.
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Cuffey, K. M.
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Severinghaus, J. P.
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Baggenstos, D.
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Fudge, T. J.
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Steig, E. J.
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Markle, B. R.
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Winstrup, M.
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Rhodes, R. H.
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Brook, Edward J.
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Sowers, T. A.
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Clow, G. D.
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Cheng, H.
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Edwards, R. L.
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Sigl, M.
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McConnell, J. R.
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Taylor, K. C.
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| Abstract |
- The West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide (WAIS Divide, WD) ice core is a newly drilled, high-accumulation
deep ice core that provides Antarctic climate records of
the past ~68 ka at unprecedented temporal resolution. The
upper 2850 m (back to 31.2 ka BP) have been dated using
annual-layer counting. Here we present a chronology for
the deep part of the core (67.8–31.2 ka BP), which is based
on stratigraphic matching to annual-layer-counted Greenland
ice cores using globally well-mixed atmospheric methane.
We calculate the WD gas age–ice age difference (Δage) using
a combination of firn densification modeling, ice-flow
modeling, and a data set of δ¹⁵N-N₂, a proxy for past firn
column thickness. The largest Δage at WD occurs during the
Last Glacial Maximum, and is 525 ± 120 years. Internally
consistent solutions can be found only when assuming little
to no influence of impurity content on densification rates,
contrary to a recently proposed hypothesis. We synchronize
the WD chronology to a linearly scaled version of the
layer-counted Greenland Ice Core Chronology (GICC05),
which brings the age of Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events
into agreement with the U / Th absolutely dated Hulu Cave
speleothem record. The small Δage at WD provides valuable
opportunities to investigate the timing of atmospheric greenhouse
gas variations relative to Antarctic climate, as well as
the interhemispheric phasing of the “bipolar seesaw”.
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| Citation |
- Buizert, C., Cuffey, K. M., Severinghaus, J. P., Baggenstos, D., Fudge, T. J., Steig, E. J., Markle, B. R., Winstrup, M., Rhodes, R. H., Brook, E. J., Sowers, T. A., Clow, G. D., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Sigl, M., McConnell, J. R., and Taylor, K. C.: The WAIS Divide deep ice core WD2014 chronology – Part 1: Methane synchronization (68–31 ka BP) and the gas age–ice age difference, Clim. Past, 11, 153-173, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-153-2015, 2015.
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| Funding Statement (additional comments about funding) |
- This work is funded by the US National Science Foundation through grants 0539232, 0537661 (to K. M. Cuffey), ANT05-38657 (to J. P. Severinghaus), NSFC 41230524 (to H. Cheng and R. L. Edwards), 0839093, 1142166 (to J. R. McConnell), and 1043092 (to E. J. Steig) and through grants 0230396, 0440817, 0944348, and 0944266 to the Desert Research Institute of Reno Nevada and University of New Hampshire for the collection and distribution of the WAIS Divide ice core and related tasks. We further acknowledge support by the NOAA Climate and Global Change fellowship program, administered by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (to C. Buizert) and the Villum Foundation (to M. Winstrup).
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