Index Catalog // ScholarsArchive@OSU

Wildlife and fish use of seasonal watercourses and wetlands in vegetable producing farms of the Willamette Valley : Progress Memo, Oregon Processed Vegetable Commission, 2013

Creator:: Sanchez, Dana and Giannico, Guillermo
Abstract:: The ultimate goals of this project are to 1) provide farmers with data-based advice on maintenance and enhancement of habitat for native wildlife based on what species are using the remnant/unfarmed patches on producers farms and to 2) provide background knowledge and data to enable development of a larger project...
Resource Type:: Technical Report

Site fidelity and colony dynamics of Caspian terns nesting at East Sand Island, Columbia River Estuary, Oregon, USA

Creator:: Collar, Stefanie
Abstract:: Fidelity to breeding sites in colonial birds is an adaptive trait thought to have evolved to enhance reproductive success by reducing search time for breeding habitat, allowing earlier nest initiation, facilitating mate retention, and reducing uncertainty of predator presence and food availability. Studying a seabird that has evolved relatively low...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A Meta-Analysis of Lesser Prairie-Chicken Nesting and Brood-Rearing Habitats: Implications for Habitat Management

Creator:: Hagen, Christian A., Grisham, Blacke A., Boal, Clint W., and Haukos, David A.
Abstract:: The distribution and range of lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) has been reduced by >90% since European settlement of the Great Plains of North America. Currently, lesser prairie-chickens occupy 3 general vegetation communities: sand sagebrush (Artemisia filifolia), sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii), and mixed-grass prairies juxtaposed with Conservation Reserve Program grasslands....
Resource Type:: Article

A global assessment of freshwater fish introductions in Mediterranean-climate regions

Creator:: Marr, Sean M., Olden, Julian D., Leprieur, Fabien, Arismendi, Ivan, Caleta, Marko, Morgan, David L., Nocita, Annamaria, Sanda, Radek, Tarkan, A. Serhan, and Garcia-Berthou, Emili
Abstract:: Mediterranean-climate regions (med-regions) are global hotspots of endemism 40 facing mounting environmental threats associated with human-related activities, including the ecological impacts associated with non-native species introductions. We review freshwater fish introductions across med-regions to evaluate the influences of non-native fishes on the biogeography of taxonomic and functional diversity. Our synthesis...
Resource Type:: Article

Can humans coexist with fishes?

Creator:: Albins, Mark A., Evans, Allison, Ismail, Gladys, Neilsen, Brian, Pusack, Timothy, Schemmel, Eva, Smith, Wade, Stoike, Susanne, Li, Hiram W., and Noakes, David L. G.
Abstract:: Deciding which textbook to assign to students is often a very difficult decision. A textbook should offer more than just a synthesis of information, it should inspire curiosity, cause one to reflect, and provide a framework for making decisions. Most reviews reflect a single opinion, sometimes based on personal preferences....
Resource Type:: Article

Comparing streambed light availability and canopy cover in streams with old-growth versus early-mature riparian forests in western Oregon

Creator:: Warren, Dana R., Keeton, William S., Bechtold, Heather A., and Rosi-Marshall, Emma J.
Abstract:: Light availability strongly influences stream primary production, water temperatures and resource availability at the base of stream food webs. In headwater streams, light is regulated primarily by the riparian forest, but few studies have evaluated the influence of riparian forest stand age and associated structural differences on light availability. In...
Resource Type:: Article

Elemental Markers in Elasmobranchs: Effects of Environmental History and Growth on Vertebral Chemistry

Creator:: Smith, Wade D., Miller, Jessica A., and Heppell, Selina S.
Abstract:: Differences in the chemical composition of calcified skeletal structures (e.g. shells, otoliths) have proven useful for reconstructing the environmental history of many marine species. However, the extent to which ambient environmental conditions can be inferred from the elemental signatures within the vertebrae of elasmobranchs (sharks, skates, rays) has not been...
Resource Type:: Article

Diurnal variations in the corrosiveness and acidification of porewater and its effects on populationdynamics of marine bivalves

Creator:: Miller, Cale A.
Abstract:: The undergradtuate research project was the completion, manipulation and assessment of a population model. The stage based population model assessed the late larval and juveniles stages of the hard shell clam Mercenaria mercenaria. There were seven class sizes input into the model starting with pediveligers and ending with juveniles at...
Resource Type:: Poster and Presentation

Spatial and temporal distribution of juvenile Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus) predation events in the Gulf of Alaska

Creator:: Vazquez, Norma A.
Abstract:: The first objective of this study was to quantify the intensity of space use of 70 juvenile (12-26 months old) Steller sea lions (SSLs) from the western Distinct Population Segment (DPS) in the Kenai Fjord(KF)/Prince William Sound (PWS) region of Alaska as derived from externally attached ARGOS satellite transmitter tags....
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Modeling abiotic influences on disease dynamics for the complex life cycle of the myxozoan parasite Ceratomyxa shasta

Creator:: Ray, Robert Adam
Abstract:: Most parasites and their hosts live in a balance within their environment; however a disease outbreak can occur when either the parasite, host, or environment, are perturbed. Myxozoan parasites are associated with a wide variety of cultured and wild fish populations. Most myxozoans are relatively benign to their vertebrate host;...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

The ecology of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) foraging in Pacific Northwest ecosystems

Creator:: Evans-Peters, Sara Tondee
Abstract:: Wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) were first successfully introduced into Oregon and Washington in the 1960s; the population has grown in size and expanded in distribution to a point where it provides an important recreational hunting opportunity in both states that generates significant funds for habitat conservation and contributes financially to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

New insights on an old topic : understanding the effects of forest harvest on trout in the context of climate

Creator:: Penaluna, Brooke E.
Abstract:: Studies of the effects of forest harvest on streams and fish have a long history in the Pacific Northwest. Results of this work have prompted development of new forest harvest practices that are more protective of these resources, but the effectiveness of these new practices has not been fully evaluated....
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Body Size and Growth Rate Influence Emigration Timing of Oncorhynchus mykiss

Creator:: Tattam, Ian A., Ruzycki, James R., Li, Hiram W., and Giannico, Guillermo R.
Abstract:: Juvenile Oncorhynchus mykiss migrate extensively in freshwater during fall. We used individual tagging to study the spatial origin, influences, and outcomes of fall migration on fish that emigrated from summer rearing tributaries during fall (early-emigrants) and those that did not (late-emigrants) in the South Fork John Day River, Oregon. Fall...
Resource Type:: Article

Female elk contacts are neither frequency nor density dependent

Creator:: Cross, P. C., Creech, Tyler G., Ebinger, M. R., Manlove, K., Irvine, K., Henningsen, J., Roberson, J., Scurlock, B. M., and Creel, S.
Abstract:: Identifying drivers of contact rates among individuals is critical to understanding disease dynamics and implementing targeted control measures. We studied the interaction patterns of 149 female elk (Cervus canadensis) distributed across five different regions of western Wyoming over three years, defining a contact as an approach within one body length...
Resource Type:: Article

The effects of semi-chronic thermal stress on physiological indicators in steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss

Creator:: Kammerer, Brittany D. and Heppell, Scott A.
Abstract:: The physiological response of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to prolonged heat stress was examined by exposing replicated groups of fish to 25 consecutive days at 15°C, 23°C, and 25°C followed by a 55 day recovery period at 15°C. We found that at temperatures ≥25°C, steelhead consumed significantly less food per...
Resource Type:: Article

A Multi-Year Longitudinal Study of Water Quality Parameters in Four Salmon-Bearing and Recreational Streams on Mount Hood, Oregon

Creator:: Wasowski, Ronald, Alexander, David, Kolmes, Steven, Banet, Nathan, Card, Amy, Haines, Morgan, Kolmes, Elijah, Northcutt, Kelly, Roemer, Derek, and Webber, Sarah
Abstract:: Four streams-Clear Fork, Lost Creek, Camp Creek and Still Creek-in northwestern Oregon's Sandy River Basin were monitored for temperature, dissolved oxygen levels, and fecal bacterial concentrations in a multi-year analysis examining stream health for recreational users and anchor habitat for Pacific Salmon. Temperatures were recorded using micro -T temperature loggers...
Resource Type:: Article

Distribution and movements of Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, returning to the Yukon River basin

Creator:: Eiler, John H.
Abstract:: Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, returning to the Yukon River basin and other large river systems in western Alaska have declined dramatically since the late 1990s. This continuing trend has raised concerns over the future status of the returns, and severely impacted commercial and subsistence fisheries within the drainage. Management is...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Hawaiian duck (Anas wyvilliana) behavior and response to wetland habitat management at Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge on Kaua'i

Creator:: Malachowski, Christopher P.
Abstract:: The endangered Hawaiian Duck (koloa maoli; Anas wyvilliana), a non-migratory and island-endemic species, experienced a significant population decline during the twentieth century due to factors such as habitat loss, overharvest, introduced mammalian predators, and hybridization with introduced feral Mallards (A. platyrhynchos). A key objective for Hawaiian Duck recovery is to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Patterns in responses of an amphibian assemblage to wetland restoration

Creator:: Rowe, Jennifer C.
Abstract:: Wetland restoration success in attaining wildlife conservation goals can be confounded by the presence of multiple biological invaders. Wetland management activities typically target invasive plants, but bottom-up responses of higher trophic levels in novel communities are difficult to predict. We surveyed plant and amphibian assemblages at 26 sites enrolled in...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Ungulate activity classification : calibrating activity monitor GPS collars for Rocky Mountain elk, mule deer, and cattle

Creator:: Gaylord, Adam J.
Abstract:: Ungulate behavior has been studied extensively but direct observation of free-ranging animals over long periods of time and large geographic areas is often prohibitively difficult. Improved technology, such as GPS collars fitted with motion-sensitive activity monitors, provides researchers with a potential tool to remotely collect fine scale activity and location...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Vertebral elemental markers in elasmobranchs : potential for reconstructing environmental history and population structure

Creator:: Smith, Wade D.
Abstract:: Differences in the chemical composition of calcified structures can be used to reveal natal origins, connectivity, metapopulation structure, and reconstruct the environmental history or movement patterns of many marine organisms. Sharks, skates, and rays (elasmobranchs) lack the calcified structures, known as otoliths, that are typically used for geochemical studies of...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Nested scales of spatial heterogeneity in juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in the southeastern Bering Sea

Creator:: Benoit-Bird, Kelly J., McIntosh, Neal E., and Heppell, Scott A.
Abstract:: We sought to characterize the distribution of juvenile walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma in an area of intense predator-prey interactions and to describe habitat features that lead to their observed distributions. The distribution of juvenile walleye pollock around the Pribilof Islands in the southeastern Bering Sea in 2008 and 2009 was...
Resource Type:: Article

Movements and Settlement Site Selection of Pygmy Rabbits After Experimental Translocation

Creator:: Lawes, Timothy J., Anthony, Robert G., Robinson, W. Douglas, Forbes, James T., and Lorton, Glenn A.
Abstract:: We investigated the movements and selection of settlement sites of translocated pygmy rabbits (Brachylagus idahoensis) in southeastern Oregon from June to December 2008. We captured, radio tagged, and translocated 59 pygmy rabbits across big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp.) habitat with 3 categories of landscape fragmentation. We used radio telemetry to...
Resource Type:: Article

The idiosyncrasies of place: geographic variation in the climate–distribution relationships of the American pika

Creator:: Jeffress, Mackenzie R., Rodhouse, Thomas J., Ray, Chris, Wolff, Susan, and Epps, Clinton W.
Abstract:: Although climate acts as a fundamental constraint on the distribution of organisms, understanding how this relationship between climate and distribution varies over a species’ range is critical for addressing the potential impacts of accelerated climate change on biodiversity. Bioclimatic niche models provide compelling evidence that many species will experience range...
Resource Type:: Article

Reproductive success and foraging ecology of the rusty blackbird on the Copper River Delta, Alaska

Creator:: Loomis, David M.
Abstract:: The Rusty Blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) has suffered significant population declines across its entire geographic range and the mechanisms associated with this decline are poorly understood. Although much of the Rusty Blackbird breeding habitat in Alaska has remained relatively unaltered by anthropogenic activities, this species continues to decline by an estimated...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Phylogenetic and morphometric analysis of speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus) from Oregon's Great Basin

Creator:: Hoekzema, Kendra L.
Abstract:: Speckled dace (Rhinichthys osculus) is a small cyprinid that is geographically widespread throughout western North America, and the most frequently occurring sh in Oregon. Because of the genetic and morphological variation in this species across its range, it has been referred to as a "species complex" and no revision to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Phylotastic! Making tree-of-life knowledge accessible, reusable and convenient

Creator:: Stoltzfus, Arlin, Lapp, Hilmar, Matasci, Naim, Deus, Helena, Sidlauskas, Brian, Zmasek, Christian M., Vaidya, Gaurav, Pontelli, Enrico, Cranston, Karen, Vos, Rutger, Webb, Campbell O, Harmon, Luke J., Pirrung, Megan, O'Meara, Brian, Pennell, Matthew W., Mirarab, Siavash, Rosenberg, Michael S., Balhoff, James P., Bik, Holly M., Heath, Tracy A., Midford, Peter E., Brown, Joseph W., McTavish, Emily Jane, Sukumaran, Jeet, Westneat, Mark, Alfaro, Michael E., Steele, Aaron, and Jordan, Greg
Abstract:: Background: Scientists rarely reuse expert knowledge of phylogeny, in spite of years of effort to assemble a great “Tree of Life” (ToL). A notable exception involves the use of Phylomatic, which provides tools to generate custom phylogenies from a large, pre-computed, expert phylogeny of plant taxa. This suggests great potential...
Resource Type:: Article

Effect of short-term decrease in water temperature on body temperature and involvement of testosterone in steelhead and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Creator:: Miura, Go, Munakata, Arimune, Yada, Takashi, Schreck, Carl B., Noakes, David L. G., and Matsuda, Hiroyuki
Abstract:: The Pacific salmonid species Oncorhynchus mykiss is separated into a migratory form (steelhead trout) and a non-migratory form (rainbow trout). A decrease in water temperature is likely a cue triggering downstream behavior in the migratory form, and testosterone inhibits onset of this behavior. To elucidate differences in sensitivity to water...
Resource Type:: Article

An Observational and Experimental Investigation of Population and Stage-specific Responses to Salinity in the Pacific Chorus Frog (Pseudacris regilla)

Creator:: Marquardt, Alexandria
Resource Type:: Presentation

Reconnecting aquatic habitats : validating historical habitat use by anadromous fishes using telemetry and stable isotope analysis above barriers

Creator:: Lewis, Sierra Koch
Abstract:: I conducted a study to identify potential spawning habitat for anadromous salmonids above a 60-year-old hydropower dam in the headwaters of the North Umpqua River in Oregon. Like many other historical salmonid-bearing rivers, little documentation exists for anadromous fish presence above potential natural obstacles upstream of Soda Springs Dam. My...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Modelling dendritic ecological networks in space: an integrated network perspective

Creator:: Peterson, Erin E., Ver Hoef, Jay M., Isaak, Dan J., Falke, Jeffrey A., Fortin, Marie-Jos ee, Jordan, Chris E., McNyset, Kristina, Monestiez, Pascal, Ruesch, Aaron S., Sengupta, Aritra, Som, Nicholas, Steel, E. Ashley, Theobald, David M., Torgersen, Christian E., and Wenger, Seth J.
Abstract:: Dendritic ecological networks (DENs) are a unique form of ecological networks that exhibit a dendritic network topology (e.g. stream and cave networks or plant architecture). DENs have a dual spatial representation; as points within the network and as points in geographical space. Consequently, some analytical methods used to quantify relationships...
Resource Type:: Article

Relationship Between Wildfire, Salvage Logging, and Occupancy of Nesting Territories by Northern Spotted Owls

Creator:: Clark, Darren A., Anthony, Robert G., and Andrews, Lawrence S.
Abstract:: The northern spotted owl (Strix occidentalis caurina) is one of the most intensively studied raptors in the world; however, little is known about the impacts of wildfire on the subspecies and how they use recently burned areas. Three large-scale wildfires in southwest Oregon provided an opportunity to investigate the short-term...
Resource Type:: Article

Nighttime foraging by deep diving echolocating odontocetes off the Hawaiian islands of Kauai and Ni’ihau as determined by passive acoustic monitors

Creator:: Au, Whitlow W. L., Giorli, Giacomo, Chen, Jessica, Copeland, Adrienne, Lammers, Marc, Richlen, Michael, Jarvis, Susan, Morrissey, Ronald, Moretti, David, and Klinck, Holger
Abstract:: Remote autonomous ecological acoustic recorders (EARs) were deployed in deep waters at five locations around the island of Kauai and one in waters off Ni'ihau in the main Hawaiian island chain. The EARs were moored to the bottom at depths between 400 and 800 m. The data acquisition sampling rate...
Resource Type:: Article

High-use areas, seasonal movements and dive patterns of juvenile loggerhead sea turtles in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Creator:: Barcelo, Caren, Domingo, Andres, Miller, Philip, Ortega, Leonardo, Giffoni, Bruno, Sales, Gilberto, McNaughton, Lianne, Marcovaldi, Maria, Heppell, Selina S., and Swimmer, Yonat
Abstract:: Characterizing the behaviors of sea turtles and identifying high-use areas as they vary in time and space is important for conservation planning, particularly when turtles overlap with fisheries that may unintentionally harm them. Between July 2006 and March 2010, 27 satellite transmitters were deployed at sea on juvenile loggerheads Caretta...
Resource Type:: Article

Climate Change Winners: Receding Ice Fields Facilitate Colony Expansion and Altered Dynamics in an Adélie Penguin Metapopulation

Creator:: LaRue, Michelle A., Ainley, David G., Swanson, Matt, Dugger, Katie M., Lyver, Phil O'B., Barton, Kerry, and Ballard, Grant
Abstract:: There will be winners and losers as climate change alters the habitats of polar organisms. For an Adelie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony on Beaufort Island (Beaufort), part of a cluster of colonies in the southern Ross Sea, we report a recent population increase in response to increased nesting habitat as...
Resource Type:: Article

The influence of release strategy and migration history on capture rate of Oncorhynchus mykiss in a rotary screw trap

Creator:: Tattam, Ian A., Ruzycki, James R., Bayley, Peter B., Li, Hiram W., and Giannico, Guillermo R.
Abstract:: Rotary screw traps are used throughout the West Coast of North America to capture emigrating juvenile salmonids. Calibrating the capture efficiency of each trap is essential for valid estimates of fish passage. We released Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tagged Oncorhynchus mykiss upstream of a rotary screw trap in the South...
Resource Type:: Article

Disentangling bottom-up and top-down effects on survival during early ocean residence in a population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Creator:: Miller, Jessica A., Teel, David J., Baptista, Antonio, and Morgan, Cheryl A.
Abstract:: We evaluated the relative importance of "bottom-up" (production-limited) and "top-down" (predator-mediated) processes during early marine residence in a population of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the upper Columbia River, USA. We examined length, mass, and condition index of age-0 juveniles collected in the ocean during June and September across 11...
Resource Type:: Article

A new species of western Atlantic lizardfish (Teleostei: Synodontidae: Synodus) and resurrection of Synodus bondi Fowler, 1939, as a valid species from the Caribbean with redescriptions of S. bondi, S. foetens (Linnaeus, 1766), and S. intermedius (Agassiz, 1829)

Creator:: Frable, Benjamin W., Baldwin, Carole C., Luther, Brendan M., and Weigt, Lee A.
Abstract:: Western Atlantic synodontid species were studied as part of an ongoing effort to reanalyze Caribbean shorefish diversity. A neighbor-joining tree constructed from cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) data revealed 2 highly divergent genetic lineages within both Synodus intermedius (Agassiz, 1829) (Sand Diver) and S. foetens (Linnaeus, 1766) (Inshore Lizardfish). A...
Resource Type:: Article

Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in relation to large wood additions and factors that drive reproductive success

Creator:: Clark, Steven
Abstract:: The fitness of female Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) with respect to breeding behavior can be partitioned into at least four components: survival to reproduction, competition for breeding sites, success of egg incubation, and suitability of the local environment near breeding sites for early rearing of juveniles. Accordingly, breeding sites should...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Range-use estimation and encounter probability for juvenile Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jubatus) in the Prince William Sound-Kenai Fjords region of Alaska

Creator:: Meck, Stephen R.
Abstract:: Range, areas of concentrated activity, and dispersal characteristics for juvenile Steller sea lions Eumetopias jubatus in the endangered western population (west of 144° W in the Gulf of Alaska) are poorly understood. This study quantified space use by analyzing post-release telemetric tracking data from satellite transmitters externally attached to n...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Estimation of transmission dynamics of the Ceratomyxa shasta actinospore to the salmonid host

Creator:: Ray, R. A. and Bartholomew, J. L.
Abstract:: Transmission dynamics of the actinospore stage of Ceratomyxa shasta to the salmonid host were investigated under field and laboratory conditions. The number of parasites transmitted and the transmission rate were compared between 2 different exposure durations and also among different water velocities, by means of field exposures. Under laboratory conditions,...
Resource Type:: Article

Born to run? Integrating individual behavior, physiology, and life histories in partially migratory steelhead and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Creator:: Sloat, Matthew R.
Abstract:: Steelhead and rainbow trout are common names for marine-migratory (anadromous) and freshwater-resident forms of Oncorhynchus mykiss, a partially migratory salmonid fish. Anadromous and resident forms are sympatric and can produce offspring with a life history different from their own (i.e., steelhead parents can produce rainbow trout offspring and vice versa)....
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Taxonomy and systematic relationships of tui chubs (Siphateles: Cyprinidae) from Oregon's Great Basin

Creator:: Remple, Stacy L.
Abstract:: There are three recognized species of Siphateles from the Great Basin; S. alvordensis, S. boraxobius and the tui chub, S. bicolor. One species, S. boraxobius, is endangered and one population of tui chub at Hutton Spring is threatened. Despite several morphological and molecular studies, the taxonomy and relationships of tui...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

A comparison of early marine residence in hatchery and natural Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Creator:: Claiborne, Andrew M.
Abstract:: The mechanisms of mortality during critical life stages of fish are not well-understood and, for many species, it is not clear if the mechanisms are similar for naturally and artificially propagated individuals. For Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), natural fish potentially face negative interactions, such as competition, and survival disadvantages, such...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Climate warming effects on the life cycle of the parasite Ceratomyxa shasta in salmon of the Pacific Northwest

Creator:: Chiaramonte, Luciano V.
Abstract:: Aquatic ecosystems continue to be increasingly affected by climate warming. For salmonids in the Pacific Northwest of North America, increasing temperatures pose tighter thermal constraints on their habitat use as well as aspects of their individual performance, such as disease resistance. This thesis examines the effect of temperature on the...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Life history and environmental influences on avian incubation and parental care in songbirds

Creator:: Austin-Bythell, Suzanne H.
Abstract:: Patterns of nest attendance behavior by breeding birds represent a parent-offspring trade-off in which adults balance self-maintenance with parental care decisions. Incubation, in particular, is of interest because adults must provide an environment suitable for embryonic development through nest-building and contact-incubation. We evaluated how adult incubation constancy and nest visitation...
Resource Type:: Dissertation

Survival and Home-range Size of Northern Spotted Owls in Southwestern Oregon

Creator:: Schilling, Jason W., Dugger, Katie M., and Anthony, Robert G.
Abstract:: In the Klamath province of southwestern Oregon, Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) occur in complex, productive forests that historically supported frequent fires of variable severity. However, little is known about the relationships between Spotted Owl survival and home-range size and the characteristics of fire-prone, mixed-conifer forests of the Klamath...
Resource Type:: Article

Distribution of juvenile salmonids and stream habitat relative to 15-year-old debris-flow deposits in the Oregon Coast Range

Creator:: Kirkby, Kristen-Marie S.
Abstract:: Debris flows, common disturbances in many mountainous areas, initially scour or bury stream habitats; however, debris flows deliver vast amounts of wood, boulders, and gravel that may ultimately form complex stream habitat to potentially support a diverse salmonid assemblage. The materials deposited by debris flows would otherwise be inaccessible to...
Resource Type:: Masters Thesis

Post-Breeding Season Migrations of a Top Predator, the Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina richardii), from a Marine Protected Area in Alaska

Creator:: Womble, Jamie N. and Gende, Scott M.
Abstract:: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are increasingly being used as a conservation tool for highly mobile marine vertebrates and the focus is typically on protecting breeding areas where individuals are aggregated seasonally. Yet movements during the non-breeding season can overlap with threats that may be equally as important to population dynamics....
Resource Type:: Article

Carbon Stocks of Tropical Coastal Wetlands within the Karstic Landscape of the Mexican Caribbean

Creator:: Kauffman, J. Boone, Medina, Israel, Gamboa, Julieta N., Torres, Olmo, Caamal, Juan P., Reza, Miriam, Herrera-Silveira, Jorge A., and Adame, Maria Fernanda
Abstract:: Coastal wetlands can have exceptionally large carbon (C) stocks and their protection and restoration would constitute an effective mitigation strategy to climate change. Inclusion of coastal ecosystems in mitigation strategies requires quantification of carbon stocks in order to calculate emissions or sequestration through time. In this study, we quantified the...
Resource Type:: Article

An a priori process for selecting candidate reference lakes for a national survey

Creator:: Herlihy, Alan T., Sobota, Janel Banks, McDonnell, Todd C., Sullivan, Timothy J., Lehmann, Sarah, and Tarquinio, Ellen
Abstract:: One of the biggest challenges when conducting a national-scale assessment of lakes, such as the 2007 US National Lake Assessment (NLA), is finding enough reference lakes to set appropriate expectations for the assessed sites. In the NLA, a random design was used to select lakes for sampling to make unbiased...
Resource Type:: Article

Timing of Population Fragmentation in a Vulnerable Minnow, the Umpqua Chub, and the Role of Nonnative Predators

Creator:: O’Malley, Kathleen G., Markle, Douglas F., and Ardren, William R.
Abstract:: We examined the distribution of Umpqua Chub Oregonichthys kalawatseti, an endemic, vulnerable minnow in western Oregon, and whether six ecological populations (based on distribution patterns) had sufficient genetic cohesion to be considered evolutionary populations. We also evaluated the influence of Holocene geological events and recent nonnative predator introductions on the...
Resource Type:: Article

Defining quantitative stream disturbance gradients and the additive role of habitat variation to explain macroinvertebrate taxa richness

Creator:: Ligeiro, Raphael, Hughes, Robert M., Kaufmann, Philip R., Macedo, Diego R., Firmiano, Kele R., Ferreira, Wander R., Oliveira, Deborah, Melo, Adriano S., and Callisto, Marcos
Abstract:: Most studies dealing with the use of ecological indicators and other applied ecological research rely on some definition or concept of what constitutes least-, intermediate- and most-disturbed condition. Currently, most rigorous methodologies designed to define those conditions are suited to large spatial extents (nations, ecoregions) and many sites (hundreds to...
Resource Type:: Article

Evaluating the influence of land use, drought and reach isolation on the occurrence of freshwater mussel species in the lower Flint River Basin, Georgia (U.S.A.)

Creator:: Shea, Colin P., Peterson, James T., Conroy, Michael J., and Wisniewski, Jason M.
Abstract:: North American freshwater mussels have been subjected to multiple stressors in recent decades that have contributed to declines in the status and distribution of many species. However, considerable uncertainty exists regarding the relative influence of these factors on observed population declines. 2. We used an occupancy modelling approach to quantify...
Resource Type:: Article

Host Identity Matters in the Amphibian-Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis System: Fine-Scale Patterns of Variation in Responses to a Multi-Host Pathogen

Creator:: Gervasi, Stephanie, Gondhalekar, Carmen, Olson, Deanna H., and Blaustein, Andrew R.
Abstract:: Species composition within ecological assemblages can drive disease dynamics including pathogen invasion, spread, and persistence. In multi-host pathogen systems, interspecific variation in responses to infection creates important context dependency when predicting the outcome of disease. Here, we examine the responses of three sympatric host species to a single fungal pathogen,...
Resource Type:: Article

Invasive bullfrog larvae lack developmental plasticity to changing hydroperiod

Creator:: Cook, Megan T., Heppell, Selina S., and Garcia, Tiffany S.
Abstract:: Determining the mechanisms responsible for the success of invasive species is critical for developing effective management strategies. Artificially draining managed wetlands to maintain natural ephemeral conditions is a common practice in the Pacific Northwest and is assumed to kill invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) larvae, which typically overwinter in permanent...
Resource Type:: Article

Prey Patch Patterns Predict Habitat Use by Top Marine Predators with Diverse Foraging Strategies

Creator:: Benoit-Bird, Kelly J., Battaile, Brian C., Heppell, Scott A., Hoover, Brian, Irons, David, Jones, Nathan, Kuletz, Kathy J., Nordstrom, Chad A., Paredes, Rosana, Suryan, Robert M., Waluk, Chad M., and Trites, Andrew W.
Abstract:: Spatial coherence between predators and prey has rarely been observed in pelagic marine ecosystems. We used measures of the environment, prey abundance, prey quality, and prey distribution to explain the observed distributions of three co-occurring predator species breeding on islands in the southeastern Bering Sea: black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), thick-billed...
Resource Type:: Article

Large-scale macroinvertebrate assemblage patterns from least-disturbed wadeable stream sites across the 48 contiguous US states

Creator:: Gerth, W. J., Herlihy, A. T., and Sifneos, J. C.
Abstract:: We quantified the patterns in macroinvertebrate assemblages and their associated environmental gradients from 457 least-disturbed wadeable stream sites across the 48 contiguous United States sampled as part of US EPA’s National Wadeable Stream Assessment. The majority of the variation in assemblage composition at the finest taxonomic resolution was related to...
Resource Type:: Article

Long-term decline of a winter-resident bird community in Puerto Rico

Creator:: Faaborg, John, Arendt, Wayne J., Toms, Judith D., Dugger, Katie M., Cox, W. Andrew, and Mora, Miguel Canals
Abstract:: Despite concern expressed two decades ago, there has been little recent discussion about continuing declines of migrant bird populations. Monitoring efforts have been focused almost exclusively on the breeding grounds. We describe the long-term decline of a winter-resident bird population in Guánica Commonwealth Forest, Puerto Rico, one of the last...
Resource Type:: Article

Low Diversity in theMitogenome of Sperm Whales Revealed by Next-Generation Sequencing

Creator:: Alexander, Alana, Steel, Debbie, Slikas, Beth, Hoekzema, Kendra, Carraher, Colm, Parks, Matthew, Cronn, Richard, and Baker, C. Scott
Abstract:: Large population sizes and global distributions generally associate with high mitochondrial DNA control region (CR) diversity. The sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) is an exception, showing low CR diversity relative to other cetaceans; however, diversity levels throughout the remainder of the sperm whale mitogenome are unknown. We sequenced 20 mitogenomes from...
Resource Type:: Article

Evidence for geomagnetic imprinting as a homing mechanism in Pacific salmon

Creator:: Putnam, Nathan F., Lohmann, Kenneth J., Putnam, Emily M., Quinn, Thomas P., Klimley, A. Peter, and Noakes, David L. G.
Abstract:: In the final phase of their spawning migration, Pacific salmon use chemical cues to identify their home river, but how they navigate from the open ocean to the correct coastal area has remained enigmatic [1]. To test the hypothesis that salmon imprint on the magnetic field that exists where they...
Resource Type:: Article

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