1. The xylem pressure inducing 50% loss of hydraulic conductivity due to embolism
widely used for comparisons of xylem vulnerability among species and across aridity
However, despite its utility as an index of resistance to catastrophic xylem failure
drought, P5o may have no special physiological relevance in the context of...
Innovativeness can help companies differentiate themselves, with the ultimate goal of securing survival and improving performance. Modern theories in organizational behavior look at innovation as something that starts with individual creativity but that is also affected by the work environment. Using one broad industry sector, the US forest products industry,...
Natural dyes have been used to color textiles for centuries, but with the shift to mass production, the use of synthetic dyes has increased due to their lower cost and easy manufacturing volume. However, synthetic dyes (such as disperse blue dyes 106 and 124) have been reported to cause skin...
There is no doubt that adhesive penetration plays an important role in wood bondline joint performance and durability; yet, to date there is no direct experimental evidence linking penetration depth with bond performance. This is, in part, because adhesive penetration is commonly assessed with various 2D microscopy techniques that are...
In investigating wood treatment as a possible processing option for Alaska forest products manufacturers, the double-diffusion method using sodium fluoride followed by a copper sulfate appeared to be the most advantageous approach. Yet, little information was available as to the chemical retention after treating and its resistance to leaching. Green...
The specification, inspection, and remedial treatment of utility poles are addressed. Included are discussions of enhancing specifications for improved performance, techniques for detecting decay and other defects, and chemical treatments available for arresting decay of poles in service.
Light-frame construction practices and materials have changed greatly
over the past 100 years. Contemporary research has focused on modern construction; thus, we know a great deal about the behavior of modern lightframe buildings under lateral forces. However, there are many light-frame buildings that were built prior to the introduction of...
Cross-sectional disks were cut at two stem heights (1.5 m and 3.0 m) from 9-year-old trees of three Populus clones grown in an intensively-cultured plantation in western Washington. At age 1.5 years, when the trees averaged 3.4 m tall, half of the trees were pruned by removing all branches below...
Generally presented as a preferred social norm based on both ethical considerations and legislative demands, gender equality has been highly encouraged in recent years. For instance, The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 call out achieving gender equality and empowerment of women. However, although there are multiple efforts to...
• A technique for measuring in vitro respiration was investigated to understand why rates were higher than those reported in vivo and to elucidate trends within mature Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas‐fir) trees.
• Extracted increment cores were divided into 3–4 radial depths and a gas chromatograph was used to compare respiration...
In deciduous species, water exits stems mainly through leaf traces
attached to the outer growth ring and yet we know that water ascends
throughout the entire cross-section of the sapwood. There is an increasing
amount of information on sap flow and sapwood hydraulic properties from
separate studies, but little information...
The air permeability of western hemlock from coastal forests in western Oregon was assessed. Permeability varied widely among trees, as well as by position within individual trees. Permeability tended to decrease with distance inward from the bark, a trend implying that this species produces a heartwood zone. These variations may...