The purpose of this study was to determine the nature and amountof genetic variation and possible associations between winterhardinessand earliness in winter x spring wheat crosses.Four winter wheat cultivars selected for differences in earlinessand winterhardiness were crossed with a nonhardy, day length insensitivespring wheat cultivar. The following year, experiments containing...
The seeds of Douglas fir, a representative of the gymnosperm
flora, were studied at six stages of germination to discern the structures
of food reserves and to study ultrastructural changes occurring
during germination in the embryo and resulting seedlings.
The materials were fixed in three fixatives, dehydrated with
ethanol series,...
Six wheat hybrids from two sets of parents and their respective
parents were grown at Hyslop Agronomy Farm near Corvallis, Oregon
in the year 1965-66. The object of the experiment was to evaluate the
influence of population densities and different planting patterns on
grain yield and factors which determine grain...
The F₂ progeny from a diallel cross involving seven winter
wheat parents along with the parents were grown at the Hyslop
Agronomy Farm near Corvallis, Oregon to determine the influence
of three plant densities on gene action estimates for yield and its
primary components. The plant densities were designed to...
Four agronomically and genetically diverse winter wheat parents
were utilized as the experimental organisms. Atlas 66 and NB 68513
were selected as cultivars with a high and stable protein content when
grown under different environmental condidtions. They are intermediate
for grain yield when grown in the Pacific Northwest. Yamhill
and...
Six winter wheat cultivars were evaluated for their breeding
value in transmitting superior genetic factors for grain yield to subsequent
progeny. The cultivars were selected on the basis of their
potential grain yield and divided into two populations. Population I
was comprised of three cultivars which have been in commercial...
Seven winter wheats were evaluated for plant height, the components
of yield and yield in a diallel cross at Pendleton, Oregon and
Lind, Washington. An additional parent was added to the diallel cross
at Pullman, Washington. Two levels of nitrogen and five replications
were utilized at each of the locations....
Crossover frequencies for seven selected regions on five
chromosomes of maize were measured to ascertain the effect of
chelating agents on recombination. Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,
EDTA, and dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO, were used in three concentrations
singly, and in all combinations. Plants heterozygous for
for linked genes governing seed and seedling...
The effectiveness of early generation selection for yield and
yield stability and the possible identification of superior parental
combinations were studied in winter wheat populations representing
different levels of genetic diversity. Experimental material for
evaluating yield stability consisted of nine bulk and seven modified
bulk populations derived from nine parental...
Four agronomically and genetically diverse spring
barleys were used in a crossing program to study the
inheritance of lysine in barley and to determine its
possible association with certain agronomic and morphological
characters. The cultivar Hiproly was used as the
source of high protein and lysine. Characters measured
included plant...
Four, six-rowed, spring barley cultivars were used as
parental material in this study. The parents were distinctly different
in plant height. Washington-6124-62 is a standard height
selection while Short Wocus and Minn. 66-102 are intermediate.
The fourth parent was a dwarf selection obtained from India. The
two intermediate cultivars and...
The response of two newly released cultivars of winter wheat
when grown under different row spacings, seeding rates and nitrogen
levels were investigated. Measurements made included grain yield,
tiller number per unit area, plant height, 300 kernel weight, bushel
weight and protein content of the grain. Hyslop and Yamhill cultivars...
Factors which influence the effectiveness of making early generation
selections within bulk populations were investigated. Material
utilized included the parents, F₁, and F₂ through F₅ bulk populations
resulting from a diallel cross. Information concerning the response
of two traits, plant height and grain yield, was obtained for these populations
at...
Winter wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum) were evaluated for
their response to water stress and adaptability to a wide range of
moisture limited environments. Grain yield was analyzed for ten
cultivars at six locations across four years. Regression of the cultivar
mean on the year-location mean was used as a measure...
Five genetically and morphologically different winter wheat
cultivars, Hyslop (H), Yamhill (Y), Paha (P), Luke (L), and Sprague
(5) were blended in all possible combinations. These composites
plus the five pure stands were planted in the fall of 1973 at three
environmentally diverse locations in Oregon: Hyslop Agronomy Farm,
Corvallis;...
The genetic variability in and association between 14 traits that affect maturity, yield, and chemical properties of its product. The plant characters measured were: vigor, flowering date, harvest date, yield, lateral length, nodes per lateral, cones per lateral, cones per vine, cone weight. Alpha-acid and beta-acid content of the cone,...
Three genetically different dwarf cultivars of spring wheat were
evaluated as potential sources of short stature to use in a wheat improvement
program. The study involved a five parent diallel cross
which included a semidwarf, a standard height and three dwarf cultivars.
The genetic sources of dwarfism included a Norma...
Laboratory studies were conducted under different temperature and moisture regimes to evaluate the effects of temperature and moisture on stand establishment and seedling characteristics associated with stand establishment. Percent stand and days to 25% emergence were used as indexes of stand establishment. Seedling characteristics analyzed were: shoot length, coleoptile length,...
Parental and segregating populations derived from four winter x
spring wheat crosses were investigated to obtain information concerning
the inheritance and association of earliness, grain yield and yieldrelated
traits. Feasibility of selecting in early generations for these
characteristics was also evaluated. Four winter wheat cultivars
(Hyslop, Yamhill, Bezostaia 1, and...
A nutrient solution technique developed for wheat was used to
determine tolerance of rice cultivars to aluminum (Al) toxicity.
Pre-germinated rice seed was placed on top of a screen and allowed
to grow on the Al-free solution for 72-96 hours or until the primary
root was 2-3 cms long. Seedlings...
A technique previously designed to screen wheat cultivars and
segregating populations for tolerance to Aluminum utilizing nutrient
solutions in growth chambers was found to be efficient in differentiating
among cultivars of wheat, rye, and triticale for tolerance to Al
under greenhouse conditions. A 5°C increase in temperature, from
25°C to...
Five winter wheat cultivars and their diallel crosses were evaluated for plant height, harvest index, deading-maturity duration, the components of yield, (spikes per plant, spikelets per spike, kernel weight and kernels per spikelet)and total plant yield. Two diverse locations, Moro, a dryland site (250 mm annually) located in central Oregon...
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is the major food crop produced
on the Anatolian Plateau of Turkey where due to limited
rainfall the farmers follow the traditional system of fallow
farming. They are presently producing an average of 1.15
tons of grain per hectare during the crop year. This rate
of production...
Concern regarding the lack of genetic variability and the apparent yield plateau reached in wheat breeding have prompted this investigation. The systematic crossing of spring and winter wheat types which have evolved to form somewhat different gene pools, may provide a source of additional usable genetic variability for future yield...
Differential grain yield response of two winter wheat cultivars
('Yamhill' and'McDermid) when grown on acid soils prompted this investigation.
Root samples were taken at two soil depths at late
tillering and anthesis from plots established on an acid nonpareil
soil in Douglas County, Oregon. The soil pH was 5.2-5.3 and...
The major objective of this study was to determine why certain
winter wheat cultivars, when hybridized, will produce a greater proportion
of desirable plants in subsequent, segregating generations.
Three winter wheat parents were chosen as the experimental material,
based on their known performance as parents. Yamhill and
Pullman Selection 101...
This investigation was conducted to provide information regarding
1) the relationship between the nitrogen percentage in the vegetative
tissue of wheat and barley at various growth stages with grain protein
and 2) to evaluate the possible association between grain yield
and grain protein as influenced by different cultivars, nitrogen
levels...
Concerns regarding maintaining wheat yield per hectare and extending
the commercial life expectancy of cultivars grown in the Yaqui
Valley of Mexico prompted this investigation. Four genetically diverse
spring wheat cultivars were grown in pure stands and in all possible
combinations at the Northwest Agricultural Research Center at Ciudad
Obregon...
The nature of the genetic variation associated with a cross involving winter and spring wheat parents for four quality factors was evaluated. Yamhill, a soft white winter wheat, and Inia 66, a hard red spring wheat, were selected as parents for this study. They represented distinctly different phenotypes for the...
Three chemicals SD 55446, SD 55447 and WL 84245 were found to
induce male sterility in cultivars of wheat or triticale. Both SD 55446
and SD 55447 when applied at a concentration of 0.896 kg/ha resulted
in 90% male sterility. However, SD 55447 caused female sterility at
the same concentration...
This study was undertaken to see if a method of handling
segregating populations could be employed which combined the positive
attributes of the traditional pedigree and-bulk methods. Derived F₅
lines from the pedigree, bulk, and what is identified as a modified
bulk method, were obtained from three winter wheat crosses....
The need to develop a shorter life cycle wheat cultivar which
would be more adapted to multiple cropping systems prompted this
study. Thus the following information was obtained.
Greatest variations in developmental patterns were found in the
stem elongation, booting, inflorescence emergence and anthesis for
five winter and five spring...
The focus of this study was to determine if S₁ family recurrent
selection might be successfully used for barley improvement.
Objectives were: 1) to identify suitable methods of evaluating grain
yield in small plots, 2) to study the effects of intermating on mean
values and variances of selected agronomic characters,...
This investigation was motivated by the apparent increase in genetic
variability resulting from the systematic combining of gene pools
represented by winter and spring types of wheats.
It was the objective of this study to provide information regarding
the nature of this genetic variability for nine agronomic characters
in populations...
Concerns regarding the most effective means of evaluating
segregating generations of spring barley prompted this investigation. Three methods of selection were considered: bulk, pedigree, and single seed descent. F₆ lines derived by each method
were grown in a replicated yield trial. The effectiveness of each
method was measured in terms...
Ten wheat crosses (four winter x spring and six winter x winter)
involving F₃ and F₄ generations and their respective winter parents
were used to determine whether the early generation selection would
be effective for kernel hardness and grain protein content. In
1980, twenty individual F₂ plants were selected with...
Concerns about the possible reciprocal differences resulting from
systematic crossings of winter and spring wheat gene pools prompted
this investigation. If traits can be improved by simply reversing the
direction of a cross, then identification of the best female parent in
a cross would be helpful for breeding programs.
Two...
The nature of inheritance and possible associations for traits
influencing earliness and grain yield were investigated using a four
parent diallel of winter and spring wheat cultivars.
More genetic variability was observed for the traits measured in
segregating populations resulting from crosses between winter and spring
type wheats in contrast...
Responses to two cycles of mass selection for heading date,
followed by selfing or intermating, were studied in two diverse
winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) crosses. Selection
was bidirectional, resulting in early and late populations for
each mating system, cycle, and cross. The influence of mass
selection for...
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus (BYDV) is a major disease of wheat. Unfortunately, unlike barley where the Yd2 gene provides adequate levels of resistance, the situation in wheat is more complex. This study was designed to provide information regarding: 1) evaluation of methods of measuring resistance among selected cultivars; 2) identification...
Immature embryo explants taken eight days after anthesis were used
to establish callus cultures of spring barley. Two types of calli
were observed. A soft watery callus which produced a limited number
of shoots and a harder yellowish callus that gave rise to numerous
green primordia and shoots. Gamborg's B5...
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the
possibility of developing high yielding wheat cultivars whose flour
would result in acceptable loaf volumes for non-traditional bread
wheat growing areas. Spring wheat germplasm employed included high
protein hexaploid derivatives from Triticum dicoccoides, and
selections from Argentina with good bread milling...