The biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai,
Trichoderma polysporum (Link.:Pers.) Rifai, Scytalidium aurantiacum
Klingstr. et Beyer or a Penicillium sp. against Trametes versicolor
(L. :Fr.) Pilat, Neolentinus lepideus (Fr.) Redh. et Ginns, Postia
placenta (Fr.) M.Lars. et Lomb. and Irpex lacteus Fr. was evaluated
using agar plate, soil bottle and...
Background: DNA cytosine methylation is an epigenetic modification that has been implicated in many biological processes. However, large-scale epigenomic studies have been applied to very few plant species, and variability in methylation among specialized tissues and its relationship to gene expression is poorly understood.
Results: We surveyed DNA methylation from...
It has been hypothesized that horizontal gene/chromosome transfer and parasexual recombination following hyphal fusion between different strains may contribute to the emergence of wide genetic variability in plant pathogenic and other fungi. However, the significance of vegetative (heterokaryon) incompatibility responses, which commonly result in cell death, in preventing these processes...
Background: In the leuphotrochozoan parasitic platyhelminth Schistosoma mansoni, male individuals are homogametic (ZZ) whereas females are heterogametic (ZW). To elucidate the mechanisms that led to the emergence of sex chromosomes, we compared the genomic sequence and the chromatin structure of male and female individuals. As for many eukaryotes, the lower...
Trichoderma reesei is an industrial producer of enzymes that degrade lignocellulosic polysaccharides to soluble monomers, which can be fermented to biofuels. Here we show that the expression of genes for lignocellulose degradation are controlled by the orthologous T. reesei protein methyltransferase LAE1. In a lae1 deletion mutant we observed a...
The process of expressing a gene involves not just binding of proteins and enzymes to DNA to produce first RNA and eventually proteins, but rather association of these transcription factors with chromatin and structural proteins called histones. When histone H3 is trimethylated at lysine 27 to produce H3K27me3, gene silencing...
•Plant population genomics informs evolutionary biology, breeding, conservation and bioenergy feedstock development. For example, the detection of reliable phenotype–genotype associations and molecular signatures of selection requires a detailed knowledge about genome-wide patterns of allele frequency variation, linkage disequilibrium and recombination.
•We resequenced 16 genomes of the model tree Populus trichocarpa...
Peptide phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PPMO) are synthetic DNA mimics that bind complementary RNA and inhibit bacterial gene expression. (RFF)₃RXB- AcpP PPMO (R, arginine; F, phenylalanine; X, 6-aminohexanoic acid; B, β-alanine) is complementary to 11 bases of the essential gene acpP (encodes acyl carrier protein). The MIC of (RFF)₃RXB-AcpP was 2.5...
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is a necrotrophic fungus causal to the disease tan spot of wheat, whose contribution to crop loss has increased significantly during the last few decades. Pathogenicity by this fungus is attributed to the production of host-selective toxins ( HST), which are recognized by their host in a genotype-specific...
The putative methyltransferase LaeA is a global regulator that affects the expression of multiple secondary metabolite gene clusters in several fungi, and it can modify heterochromatin structure in Aspergillus nidulans. We have recently shown that the LaeA ortholog of Trichoderma reesei (LAE1), a fungus that is an industrial producer of...
Since the preindustrial era, the average surface ocean pH has declined by 0.1 pH units and is predicted to decline by an additional 0.3 units by the year 2100. Although subtle, this decreasing pH has profound effects on the seawater saturation state of carbonate minerals and is thus predicted to...
Background: Cytosine DNA methylation (5mC) is an epigenetic modification that is important to genome stability and regulation of gene expression. Perturbations of 5mC have been implicated as a cause of phenotypic variation among plants regenerated through in vitro culture systems. However, the pattern of change in 5mC and its functional...
The fungus Fusarium fujikuroi causes "bakanae" disease of rice due to its ability to produce gibberellins (GAs), but it is also known for producing harmful mycotoxins. However, the genetic capacity for the whole arsenal of natural compounds and their role in the fungus' interaction with rice remained unknown. Here, we...
The microtubule (MT) "plus end" constitutes the platform for the accumulation of a structurally and functionally diverse group of proteins, collectively called "MT plus-end tracking proteins" (+TIPs). +TIPs control MT dynamics and link MTs to diverse sub-cellular structures. Neurospora crassa MicroTubule Binding protein-3 (MTB-3) is the homolog of yeast EB1,...
Fungi are a large group of eukaryotes found in nearly all ecosystems. More than 250 fungal genomes have already been sequenced, greatly improving our understanding of fungal evolution, physiology, and development. However, for the Pezizomycetes, an early-diverging lineage of filamentous ascomycetes, there is so far only one genome available, namely...
The cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum produces secondary metabolites toxic to humans and animals, yet coordinated transcriptional regulation of gene clusters remains largely a mystery. By chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) we found that regions with secondary metabolite clusters are enriched for trimethylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of small secreted proteins (SSPs) acting as effectors that modulate host immunity to facilitate infection. SSP-encoding genes are often located in particular genomic environments and show waves of concerted expression at diverse stages of plant infection. To date, little is known about the regulation of...
Fungal hyphae are among the most highly polarized cells. Hyphal polarized growth is supported by tip-directed transport of secretory vesicles, which accumulate temporarily in a stratified manner in an apical vesicle cluster, the Spitzenkörper. The exocyst complex is required for tethering of secretory vesicles to the apical plasma membrane. We...
In response to genotoxic stress, ATR and ATM kinases phosphorylate H2A in fungi and H2AX in animals on a C-terminal serine. The resulting modified histone, called γH2A, recruits chromatin-binding proteins that stabilize stalled replication forks or promote DNA double-strand-break repair. To identify genomic loci that might be prone to replication...
The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa responds to light in complex ways. To thoroughly study the transcriptional response of this organism to light, RNA-seq was used to analyze capped and polyadenylated mRNA prepared from mycelium grown for 24 hr in the dark and then exposed to light for 0 (control) 15,...
Global change and its associated temperature increase has directly or indirectly changed the distributions of hosts and pathogens, and has affected host immunity, pathogen virulence and growth rates. This has resulted in increased disease in natural plant and animal populations worldwide, including scleractinian corals. While the effects of temperature increase...
Neurospora crassa has been for decades a principal model for filamentous
fungal genetics and physiology as well as for understanding
the mechanism of circadian clocks. Eukaryotic fungal and animal
clocks comprise transcription-translation-based feedback loops that
control rhythmic transcription of a substantial fraction of these transcriptomes,
yielding the changes in protein...
Excess fatty acids and sterols are stored as triacylglycerols and sterol esters in
specialized cellular organelles, called lipid droplets. Understanding what determines the cellular
amount of neutral lipids and their packaging into lipid droplets is of fundamental and
applied interest. Using two species of fission yeast, we show that cycling...
Penicillium chrysogenum is the main industrial producer of the β-lactam antibiotic penicillin, the most commonly used drug in the treatment of bacterial infections. Recently, a functional MAT1-1 locus encoding the α-box transcription factor MAT1-1-1 was discovered to control sexual development in P. chrysogenum. As only little was known from any organism...
Background:
Chromatin structure can control gene expression and can define specific transcription states. For example, bivalent methylation of histone H3K4 and H3K27 is linked to poised transcription in vertebrate embryonic stem cells (ESC). It allows them to rapidly engage specific developmental pathways. We reasoned that non-vertebrate metazoans that encounter a...
Genome defense likely evolved to curtail the spread of transposable elements and invading viruses. A combination of effective defense mechanisms has been shown to limit colonization of the Neurospora crassa genome by transposable elements. A novel DNA transposon named Sly1-1 was discovered in the genome of the most widely used...
Background: Supernumerary chromosomes have been found in many organisms. In fungi, these “accessory” or “dispensable” chromosomes are present at different frequencies in populations and are usually characterized by higher repetitive DNA content and lower gene density when compared to the core chromosomes. In the reference strain of the wheat pathogen,...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
Infections of fungi by mycoviruses are often symptomless but sometimes also fatal, as they perturb sporulation, growth, and, if applicable, virulence of the fungal host. Hypovirulence-inducing mycoviruses, therefore, represent a powerful means to defeat fungal epidemics on crop plants. Infection with Fusarium graminearum virus China 9 (FgV-ch9), a double-stranded RNA...
Penicillium chrysogenum is the main industrial producer of the β-lactam antibiotic penicillin, the most commonly used drug in the treatment of bacterial infections. Recently, a functional MAT1-1 locus encoding the α-box transcription factor MAT1-1-1 was discovered to control sexual development in P. chrysogenum. As only little was known from any organism...
Penicillium chrysogenum is the main industrial producer of the β-lactam antibiotic penicillin, the most commonly used drug in the treatment of bacterial infections. Recently, a functional MAT1-1 locus encoding the α-box transcription factor MAT1-1-1 was discovered to control sexual development in P. chrysogenum. As only little was known from any organism...
Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of small secreted proteins (SSPs) acting as effectors that modulate host immunity to
facilitate infection. SSP-encoding genes are often located in particular genomic environments and show waves of concerted
expression at diverse stages of plant infection. To date, little is known about the regulation of...
Plant pathogens secrete an arsenal of small secreted proteins (SSPs) acting as effectors that modulate host immunity to
facilitate infection. SSP-encoding genes are often located in particular genomic environments and show waves of concerted
expression at diverse stages of plant infection. To date, little is known about the regulation of...
Fungal hyphae are among the most highly polarized cells. Hyphal polarized
growth is supported by tip-directed transport of secretory vesicles, which accumulate temporarily
in a stratified manner in an apical vesicle cluster, the Spitzenkörper. The exocyst complex
is required for tethering of secretory vesicles to the apical plasma membrane. We...
Fungal hyphae are among the most highly polarized cells. Hyphal polarized
growth is supported by tip-directed transport of secretory vesicles, which accumulate temporarily
in a stratified manner in an apical vesicle cluster, the Spitzenkörper. The exocyst complex
is required for tethering of secretory vesicles to the apical plasma membrane. We...
In response to genotoxic stress, ATR and ATM kinases phosphorylate H2A in fungi and H2AX in animals on a C-terminal serine.
The resulting modified histone, called γH2A, recruits chromatin-binding proteins that stabilize stalled replication forks or promote
DNA double-strand-break repair. To identify genomic loci that might be prone to replication...
In response to genotoxic stress, ATR and ATM kinases phosphorylate H2A in fungi and H2AX in animals on a C-terminal serine.
The resulting modified histone, called γH2A, recruits chromatin-binding proteins that stabilize stalled replication forks or promote
DNA double-strand-break repair. To identify genomic loci that might be prone to replication...
The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa responds to light in complex ways. To thoroughly
study the transcriptional response of this organism to light, RNA-seq was used to analyze capped and
polyadenylated mRNA prepared from mycelium grown for 24 hr in the dark and then exposed to light for
0 (control) 15,...
The filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa responds to light in complex ways. To thoroughly
study the transcriptional response of this organism to light, RNA-seq was used to analyze capped and
polyadenylated mRNA prepared from mycelium grown for 24 hr in the dark and then exposed to light for
0 (control) 15,...
The cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum produces secondary metabolites toxic to humans and animals, yet coordinated
transcriptional regulation of gene clusters remains largely a mystery. By chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput
DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) we found that regions with secondary metabolite clusters are enriched for
trimethylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a...
The cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum produces secondary metabolites toxic to humans and animals, yet coordinated
transcriptional regulation of gene clusters remains largely a mystery. By chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput
DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) we found that regions with secondary metabolite clusters are enriched for
trimethylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a...
Neurospora crassa has been for decades a principal model for filamentous
fungal genetics and physiology as well as for understanding
the mechanism of circadian clocks. Eukaryotic fungal and animal
clocks comprise transcription-translation-based feedback loops that
control rhythmic transcription of a substantial fraction of these transcriptomes,
yielding the changes in protein...
Neurospora crassa has been for decades a principal model for filamentous
fungal genetics and physiology as well as for understanding
the mechanism of circadian clocks. Eukaryotic fungal and animal
clocks comprise transcription-translation-based feedback loops that
control rhythmic transcription of a substantial fraction of these transcriptomes,
yielding the changes in protein...
Global change and its associated temperature increase has directly or indirectly changed the distributions of hosts and
pathogens, and has affected host immunity, pathogen virulence and growth rates. This has resulted in increased disease in
natural plant and animal populations worldwide, including scleractinian corals. While the effects of temperature increase...
Global change and its associated temperature increase has directly or indirectly changed the distributions of hosts and
pathogens, and has affected host immunity, pathogen virulence and growth rates. This has resulted in increased disease in
natural plant and animal populations worldwide, including scleractinian corals. While the effects of temperature increase...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
Chromosome segregation relies on coordinated activity of a large assembly of proteins, the kinetochore interaction network (KIN). How conserved the underlying mechanisms driving the epigenetic phenomenon of centromere and kinetochore assembly and maintenance are remains unclear, even though various eukaryotic models have been studied. More than 50 different proteins, many...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
Transcription factor (TF) genes were modified endogenously to include epitope tags for identification of TF protein binding sites by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), followed by high throughput sequencing. We used RNA-sequencing in carbon sources of sucrose, butyrate, and oleate in far-1, far-2, and a double far-1; far-2 mutant to find transcripts...
The process of expressing a gene involves not just binding of proteins and enzymes to DNA to produce first RNA and eventually proteins, but rather association of these transcription factors with chromatin and structural proteins called histones. When histone H3 is trimethylated at lysine 27 to produce H3K27me3, gene silencing...
The process of expressing a gene involves not just binding of proteins and enzymes to DNA to produce first RNA and eventually proteins, but rather association of these transcription factors with chromatin and structural proteins called histones. When histone H3 is trimethylated at lysine 27 to produce H3K27me3, gene silencing...
