Provides an overview of the role of selenium in the diet of livestock, and discusses selenium supplementation rates and supplementation methods. Lists guidelines for assessing livestock’s selenium status and summarizes research useful to Oregon livestock producers.
This workbook is an Excel spreadsheet that allows homeowners to compare the cost of using firewood or wood pellets with other fuels for heating their home.
This publication is a spreadsheet with accompanying instructions. It allows timber owners to compare the pricing strategies for four different mills to determine which mill specifications will return the highest possible revenue based on the dimensions of trees on the landowner’s property.
This workbook is a companion to OSU Extension publication EM 9058, Measuring Your Trees. Before using this workbook, collect data following the procedures outlined in EM 9058. Then enter your data in this workbook to automatically calculate several stand volume and growth measurements and generate a printable summary report.
The degree of wildfire risk depends on both the probability of an ignition and the potential for damage or harm (such as loss of trees, homes, or even lives). Recognizing that you may have a high wildfire risk is the first step in doing something about it. Whether you own...
Bacterial canker is the number one killer of young sweet cherry trees in Oregon. This publication covers cause and symptoms, disease cycle, and disease management. A version for mobile devices is also available.
Published November 2009. A more recent revision exists. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Cada año, grandes cantidades de suelo superficial son arrastradas por las aguas de riego. A través de los años, esta erosión puede resultar en una pérdida significativa de suelo en los campos agrícolas. Las investigaciones llevadas a cabo por Oregon State University Malheur Experiment Station y otros han demostrado que...
So you’d like to plant some trees! As the saying goes, “The best
time to plant a tree was 30 years ago—the next best time is now.” This publication gets you started on the right track and answers some common reforestation questions.
Most orchard industries renew themselves through new plantings. The marketplace and the availability of more disease resistant varieties can fuel interest in establishing new orchards as well as influence the choice of new cultivars.
When applying pesticides it is important to avoid water contamination and pesticide drift as much as possible. This checklist can help. Three separate checklists(before, during and after) make it easier to remember things to do before, during and after an application to avoid contamination and drift.
Several species of flea beetles are commonly found in organic potato fields in North America. Adults of many of these species feed on the leaves of potatoes
and other plants in the family Solanaceae, but tuber flea beetle larvae are the most common cause of flea beetle damage to potato...
The cards in this guide are designed to help
you quickly learn the main groups of natural
enemies of crop and garden pests, their
predacious activity, and tips for observing them.
Photographs are of the most common species in
the Pacific Northwest.
Paterson’s curse is a member of the borage family (Boraginaceae). It is native to Mediterranean Europe and North Africa but has spread to southern Africa, South and North America, Australia, and New Zealand. Outside of its native habitat, it is an aggressive, drought-tolerant plant that adapts to many soil moisture...
Discusses three systems for classifying areas as rural or urban: the traditional Census Bureau block group system, a county-based system, and the newer Rural-Urban Commuting Area system. Examines the differences between systems and how the choice of classification system affects conclusions about rural-urban demographics.
Recordkeeping is an important part of managing any
forest property. Although it’s often seen as a thankless
task, recordkeeping’s rewards can be counted
in better decisions—and time and money saved. Without question,
good records will help you manage your woodland better by providing:
• A historical record of management activities...
"This study examines the ways in which land-use regulations in general and Oregon's land-use planning system in particular may affect property values. The study is focused on Oregon, but it is framed within the broader context of research in economics. Our analysis of Oregon land value data finds no evidence...
The use of management units for soil testing and nutrient application is an
effective strategy to increase accuracy in monitoring and managing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and other nutrients. A management unit can be a group of fields, a single field, or an area within a field. To measure changes...
The black-capped chickadee is a common North American bird.
Chickadees can be seen in small fields collecting seeds and insects. They
also feed at the edges of forests. These birds like to visit bird feeders.
Published June 2006. Reviewed March 2016. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Lo que usted no puede ver le PUEDE hacer daño. Los gérmenes
están en todas partes: en el aire, la tierra, el agua y hasta dentro de nosotrosy de los animales.
Algunos gérmenes no causan problemas. Otros nos pueden enfermar.
Proteja a su familia de las enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos...
Lavando trastes y utensilios
Mantenga los gérmenes y las moscas alejados lavando los trastes
sucios todos los días. Lávelos ya sea en un lavaplatos o a mano.
Llene un fregadero con agua caliente y jabonosa. Use un trapo de
fregar limpio. Lave los vasos, tazas y cubiertos primero. Lave las...
Long before the baby is born,you invest your dreams and hopes in the coming child. If you suspect something is wrong, it may be hard to seek the truth.
The best thing you can do, however, is to get a diagnosis as soon as possible. Early detection of a problem...
"This report profiles the demographic and economic trends within the Upper North Santiam Canyon (UNSC). We describe the economic structure and determine the export base of the UNSC. We estimate the economic impacts of a water level in the Detroit Lake that is too low for the moorages to operate...
Published May 2006. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Soft white winter wheat grown in western Oregon requires a spring application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer for optimum production. Determining the amount of N to apply has been a challenge for growers because wheat is produced in numerous rotations that provide varying amounts of N to the wheat crop. Inadequate...
Los tomates (jitomates) son la hortaliza más popular del huerto doméstico. Son un fruto sabroso y proveen
tanto vitamina C como muchos minerales requeridos para la nutrición adecuada. Se comen frescos o procesados en varias
formas para usar más adelante.
Published January 2006. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Have you ever watched a squirrel? Watching squirrels is fun. They
look like a circus act as they jump from tree to tree. They run along
tree branches, leaping from branch to branch—it is unbelievable that they can move so fast and not fall! Sometimes you
can hear them barking...
Can you imagine eating bugs and berries and living inside a tree?
Western bluebirds do just that! They are members of the thrush family,
meaning that they are related to robins. There are three species, or kinds, of bluebirds in the United States: the Eastern
bluebird, the Western bluebird, and...
The Pacific chorus frog, which used to be known as the Pacific treefrog,
is the most abundant kind (species) of frog in Oregon. Pacific chorus frogs are amphibians, like other frogs, toads, and salamanders. The word amphibian means “double life.” These critters are given this
name because they spend some...
Hummingbirds are among the smallest birds in the world, only 3 to
4 inches long and about 1⁄10 ounce. They may be small, but these beautiful birds are easy to see and fun to watch.
Hummingbirds feed on nectar and small insects. They get most of their water from nectar.
This publication provides basic information on tree growth, characteristics that define wood quality, and the implications of common silvicultural (tree tending) activities on wood quality. It is at best a summary—tree growth is an immensely complex process, and not all aspects of wood formation are fully understood. Most of the...
Published September 2004. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Raccoons are very interesting animals to watch because many of
their motions remind us of things we do. Raccoons walk flat footed like humans, and their front paws work a lot like human hands. Their ability to open doors, refrigerators, and garbage cans causes many conflicts between humans and raccoons.
Keeping a roof overhead is an important concern when you lose income. If you rank your bills in order of priority, chances are housing is at or near the top of the list.
Floods. Earthquakes. Winter storms. Fire. Hazardous spills. Public safety issues. Disasters can strike quickly and without warning. They can force you to evacuate your neighborhood or confine you to your home.
What would you do if basic services—water, gas, electricity, or telephones—were cut off for an indefinite period? Local officials...
A manual intended for use by those studying for the Oregon rights-of-way vegetation control exam. Includes chapters on basic weed science, vegetation management strategies; herbicides; factors influencing herbicide performance; special precautions when using herbicides; applying herbicides; calibration, mixing, and calculations; and application equipment. Includes a practice test, glossary, and references....
Published May 2004. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The region’s high winter rainfall provides aquifers
that are often within 50 feet of the land surface. In
many parts of the United States and in other countries
where groundwater is this close to the surface, pesticide
contamination has been observed. Thus, with our
high population, significant applications of pesticides,...
Woodland owners routinely want to measure property acreage,
boundaries, ground slope, various characteristics of standing
timber, and individual log volumes. Different tools are
required for each of these tasks.
Coastal waters, lakes, and streams in the Pacific Northwest provide a variety of seafoods including salmon and many other fish, clams, oysters, shrimp, and crab. You can enjoy these delicacies throughout the year if you preserve them when supplies are abundant. Canning is a popular method for preserving seafood. Products...
This publication focuses on how to design a soil nutrient monitoring strategy that fits today’s requirements for record keeping and increased accuracy in managing nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and other nutrients. We advocate the use of management units or zones for soil testing and nutrient application. To measure a real...
Family members who play a major role in caring for elderly relatives frequently ignore their own needs. Some find themselves virtually homebound and consumed by caregiving tasks. When caregiving is prolonged over months and years, the self-sacrifice is particularly harmful. We have prepared this publication to help you maintain your...
Published June 2003. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The goals for a well-managed small-acreage horse farm are:
A productive pasture with plenty of grass and few weeds
Almost no mud during the rainy season
All nutrients (manure and stall waste) generated by the horses
recycled to feed the pasture or removed from the farm and
recycled
Healthy horses...
Pocket gophers girdle (remove bark from) the bases of conifer seedlings and saplings, causing significant economic losses.
This publication will help you design a program to reduce or eliminate
gopher damage to seedlings and saplings in your forest plantation or
Christmas tree farm.
Rhubarb is one of the popular early perennial vegetable crops. It is a brightly colored,
highly flavored vegetable that is low in calories and high in vitamin C and calcium.
Published April 2003. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Hens stop laying eggs for a variety of reasons. External or internal stimuli affect hormone levels, which change the condition of the ovary and oviduct, the organs responsible for egg production. The result of these changes is the reduction or cessation of egg production. The most common stimuli that affect...
It is imperative that residues of these compounds be eliminated in poultry and eggs or be within the tolerances established by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration when your flock is marketed or eggs are sold. Commercial chicken and turkey flocks are tested for...
The debate surrounding Measure 27, to require labeling of genetically modified (GM) foods sold or distributed in or from Oregon, encompasses many aspects of an important and complex topic. At one level, questions are raised about the benefits and potential risks of GM foods.
The procedures outlined in this publication show you how to estimate standing volume and annual growth of timber stands—areas that are uniform in age, stand characteristics, and species. Estimates of volume and growth are helpful in planning when to harvest or how much to remove in a thinning operation. These...
Published September 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published December 2004. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published September 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published June 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Deer grazing outside your window can be a welcome sight, unless
the deer are eating your favorite flowers. Their spring and summer
browsing can kill or severely damage young garden and landscape plants.
Once deer are attracted to your yard, discouraging them is not easy. But, there are ways you...
Bats play an important role in controlling insect populations. In North America, bats are the primary predators of night-flying insects. Some species of bats can capture several hundred insects an hour, including insect species that can devastate valuable plants or crops.
Most Willamette Valley peaches are sold on the farm directly to consumers for home canning and freezing or at a nearby roadside
market or farmers market. Despite production difficulties,
peaches remain the most popular summer fruit at roadside
stands and in U-pick orchards.
Published March 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published February 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published January 2002. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Keep things CLEAN to get rid of germs. The first step is to wash your hands. Many people don’t wash their hands often enough. They
may think that it takes too much time or hurts their skin. They may also think that it really isn’t important.
Planting a new lawn or renovating an old one can be a very frustrating
experience if you’ve never done it before. The key to avoiding frustration is to understand the process well enough to be able to make the right decisions. This publication will take you through the steps needed...
Flowcharts graphically represent the steps in creating a product
or service. The process of creating a chart is often beneficial
because personnel may be unaware of all the “nitty-gritty” details
involved in producing the product. Also, people often are surprised
to learn of the differences between the ideal process flow...
Part 1 in this series introduced the reader to Statistical Process Control, and Part 2 provided an overview of how and why SPC works.
Part 3 begins the step-by-step process of building the practical skills
necessary for hands-on implementation of SPC. This report discusses Pareto analysis, a tool we can...
¿Se debe podar o no? Muchas veces los jardineros se
enfrentan con esta pregunta. La mayoría creen que sí
deben podar, pero no saben cómo ni por qué. Los
rosales y árboles frutales se podan con frecuencia,
pero las demás plantas se podan con poca regularidad.
En la mayoría de...
Muchas personas plantan un cultivo de cobertura
en el otoño después de quitar las plantas anuales. En
este caso, use una variedad que tolere el frío. El trébol
carmesí es excelente para el oeste de Oregon. Antes
del 1 de octubre, siembre 1⁄2 libra de semillas por cada
1,000 pies...
Las enfermedades pueden matar las plantas,
reducir la cosecha o causar manchas en las
hortalizas y flores. Con algunas prácticas fáciles,
usted puede tener plantas sanas y usar menos pesticidas.
Estas recetas fueron preparadas para los hispanoparlantes de bajos ingresos y con baja capacidad de leer. Se han utilizado en una serie de clases interactivas y prácticas. Han estado sometidas a prueba durante años en la Oficina Hispana de OFNP (Programa de Nutrición Familiar de Oregon), en el condado de...
Published October 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published July 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
A sustainable landscape is more than exterior decoration. By using less water, fertilizer, and pesticides than a traditional
landscape, it has minimal impact on the environment. Thus, it is both aesthetically pleasing and environmentally sound.
Creating a sustainable landscape means working toward a thoughtful balance between resources used and results...
Published May 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Landscapes are a valuable part of residential properties. Maintaining your landscape is important for
property values as well as aesthetic reasons. When water supplies are restricted, you can keep your
landscape healthy by developing watering priorities, applying water efficiently, and modifying your
maintenance practices.
Frequent and regular contact will help you develop a positive relationship with your grandchildren. Visits give you a chance to spend time together—with and without your grandchildren’s parents—getting to know each other’s interests and stories. Planning will help you make the most of your visits with your grandchildren.
Often, when people buy a small farm they simply want someone to tell them what they can “do” with it. As strange as it might seem, this isn’t an easy question to answer. When landowners begin to make
important decisions related to the use of their property,
they might not...
Published February 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Some grandparents whose grandchildren live far away are concerned
that they might be missing out on their grandchildren’s everyday
lives and special experiences. But living
far apart doesn’t mean you can’t be close
emotionally. Long-distance grandparenting is a challenge,
yet with careful planning you can be in touch
with your...
Tree wounding can lead to decay in roots, stems, and branches of
trees. Wood decay is caused by various species of fungi that enter
trees through wounds or small branches.
Grandparents give gifts for many different reasons and in many different ways. Some want to honor special occasions and accomplishments with things of value. Some want to encourage their grandchildren to have fun. Others choose gifts that help grandchildren learn about their family or cultural history. Some are satisfied to...
These recipes are intended for a limited-income, low-literacy, Spanish-speaking audience and have been part of a series of interactive, hands-on classes. Recipes were tested for years in the OFNP (Oregon Family Nutrition Program) Hispanic Office, Multnomah County, Portland, OR. Learners have appreciated receiving the recipes and the simplified format that...
Las plantas que reciben la cantidad correcta de agua a lo mejor serán sanas y productivas. En Oregon, hay que regar las plantas durante el verano porque hay poca lluvia durante esa época. Al planear su huerto o jardín, considere cómo se suplirá el agua que sus plantas necesiten.
Hay...
This pest of meadowfoam is a small fly in the family Drosophilidae. It has been identified tentatively as Scaptomyza apicalis Hardy. It is
commonly referred to as the meadowfoam fly (MFF). It occurs throughout the Willamette Valley in most commercial plantings of meadowfoam
(Limnanthes alba). Thus far, meadowfoam is the...
The most common wastewater treatment system used in rural areas is the septic tank-soil absorption system. The septic tank removes settlable and floatable solids from the wastewater, and the soil absorption field filters and treats the clarified septic tank effluent. Removing the solids from the wastewater protects the soil absorption...
A key problem faced by managers is how to allocate scarce resources
among activities or projects. Linear programming, or LP, is a method of
allocating resources in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations research (OR) tools. It has been used successfully as a decisionmaking...
Published March 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
In the production of vegetable crops, good fertilizer usage is only one of the important management practices, including proper seeding, pest control, adequate irrigation, and timely harvest. Because of the influence of soil type, climatic conditions, and other cultural practices, crop response from fertilizer may not always be predicted accurately....