This key to the bee genera of the Pacific Northwest provides dichotomous couplets which aid the user in identifying 60 genera of bees which occur or may occur in the region. The key architecture is based strongly on the key to the genera of North and Central America published in...
This species key to female bumble bees of the Pacific Northwest provides dichotomous couplets which aid the user in identifying 27 species which occur or have occurred historically, and may still be present in the region. The key architecture is based strongly on the key to species for females found...
This species key to male bumble bees of the Pacific Northwest provides dichotomous couplets which aid the user in identifying 27 species which occur or have occurred historically, and may still be present in the region. The key architecture is based strongly on the key to species for males found...
The use of timber harvest residue as an energy source is thought to have environmental benefits relative to food-based crops, yet the ecological impact of this practice remains largely unknown. We assessed whether the abundance and diversity of wild bees (Apoidea) were influenced by the removal of harvest residue and...
Snags are important habitat features for many forest-dwelling species, so reductions in the number of snags can lead to the loss of biodiversity in forest ecosystems. Intentional snag creation is often used in managed forests to mitigate the long-term declines of naturally created snags, yet information regarding the use of...
1. Rearing environments can shape offspring phenotype across taxa, yet little is known about how brood size influences hypothalamic-pituitary axis functioning, whether its expression trades off with growth, and the degree to which these -relationships vary between species.
2. We evaluated how brood size influenced nestling physiological (glucocorticoids) and somatic...
Condors and vultures are distinct from most other terrestrial birds because they use extensive soaring flight for their daily
movements. Therefore, assessing resource selection by these avian scavengers requires quantifying the availability of
terrestrial-based habitats, as well as meteorological variables that influence atmospheric conditions necessary for soaring. In
this study,...
Condors and vultures are distinct from most other terrestrial birds because they use extensive soaring flight for their daily
movements. Therefore, assessing resource selection by these avian scavengers requires quantifying the availability of
terrestrial-based habitats, as well as meteorological variables that influence atmospheric conditions necessary for soaring. In
this study,...
Large-scale poisoning events are common to scavenging bird species that forage communally,
many of which are in decline. To reduce the threat of poisoning and compensate for other persistent threats,
management, including supplemental feeding, is ongoing for many reintroduced and endangered vulture
populations. Through a longitudinal study of lead exposure...
Large-scale poisoning events are common to scavenging bird species that forage communally,
many of which are in decline. To reduce the threat of poisoning and compensate for other persistent threats,
management, including supplemental feeding, is ongoing for many reintroduced and endangered vulture
populations. Through a longitudinal study of lead exposure...
