This paper presents a methodology for performing complex wavenumber ray tracing in which both wave trajectory and amplitude are calculated. This ray-tracing framework is first derived using a scaling in which the imaginary wavenumber component is assumed to be much smaller than the real wavenumber component. The approach, based on...
Numerous studies have demonstrated statistical associations between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and precipitation in the Mediterranean basin. The dynamical bases for these teleconnections have yet to be fully identified. Here, observational analyses and model simulations are used to show how ENSO variability affects rainfall over southwestern Europe (Iberia, Southern...
An atmospheric stationary wave teleconnection mechanism is proposed to explain how ENSO may affect the Tibetan Plateau snow depth and thereby the south Asian monsoons. Using statistical analysis, the short available record of satellite estimates of snow depth, and ray tracing, it is shown that wintertime ENSO conditions in the...
The local predictability of the El Nin˜o–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is examined by the analysis of the
evolution of small disturbances to an unstable 4.3-yr ENSO cycle in the Cane–Zebiak model forced by perpetual
July conditions. The 4.3-yr cycle represents the dominant near-recurrent behavior in this weakly chaotic regime,
so analysis...
Recent findings indicate that ENSO may modulate the
strength of the Indian monsoons by altering the meridional
tropospheric temperature gradient between Asia and the
equatorial Indian Ocean. Here we show that during northern
hemisphere summertime El Nino events both colder upper
tropospheric temperatures and increased vorticity anomalies
are observed within...