The spatial distribution of plankton is highly aggregated, so one might expect that a vertically migrating animal enters a biotic environment that is markedly different each evening and that the changes in environment between daylight periods spent at depth are equally great. To measure the extent of these changes, as...
We are concerned here with well-posed problems for the partial differential equation uₜ(x, t) + yMuₜ(x, t) + Lu(x, t) = f(x, t) containing the elliptic differential operator M of order 2m and the differential operator L of order ≤2m. Hilbert space methods are used to formulate and solve an...
Three general types of swimbladders were found in the eight species of myctophids studied: gas-filled, fat-invested, and atrophied or reduced. Small specimens of all species had thin-walled, gas-filled swimbladders. Large specimens of Stenobrachius leucopsarus had fat-invested swim-bladders and large Diaphus theta had either gas-filled or atrophied swimbladders, as found by...
The irradiance of the solar beam was measured on cloudless days at Sutton Bonington in the English Midlands and at sites in north-west Scotland. Total and diffuse fluxes were also measured on some days. An attenuation coefficient for aerosol Ta was defined by S(Ta) = S(o) exp ( - Tam)...
An existence theory is developed for a semilinear evolution equation in Banach space which is modeled on boundary value problems for partial differential equations of Sobolev type. The operators are assumed to be measurable and to satisfy coercive estimates which are not necessarily uniform in their time dependence, and to...
Steady, longitudinally invariant, barotropic, boundary layer flow is numerically studied at low latitudes where advective accelerations may he large and the Coriolis parameter is small. Flow is generated by specifying the pressure gradient field independent of the flow.
It is found that as the flow approaches the equator, advective terms...
Male Apis mellifera L. (drones) accompanying reproductive swarms were analyzed for honey stomach contents to determine if they engorge honey prior to or during swarming. No evidence for engorgement was found. A diurnal feeding rhythm in drones was observed in non swarming colonies.
During July 1970, albacore boats trolling surface jigs (jig boats) had record catches in an area off the mouth of the Columbia River. The jig fishery declined suddenly in late July and was poor throughout the remainder of the summer. No obvious oceanographic changes were correlated with these drastic changes...
It is shown that the complex index of refraction of a given particle-size distribution may be calculated if the particle extinction coefficient and the particle absorption coefficient are known. If the particles are assumed to be nonabsorbing, a real index of refraction may be calculated from the ratio of light...
Juvenile English sole, Parophrys vetulus utilize Yaquina Bay, Oregon, as a nursery during at least a portion of their first year of life, but the possibility of the existence of additional nursery grounds offshore has not previously been examined. During 1971, young-of the-year first appeared in Yaquina Bay in February,...
Optical and hydrographic observations were made at two meridional sections across the Cromwell Current at 92°00’ and 91°40’W during February 1969. The distribution of hydrographic and optical properties near the Galapagos Islands is described. Beneath the thermocline the Cromwell Current is characterized by deepening of the light-scattering isolines. Above the...
Nondimensionalized equations of motion for waterdrops, not necessarily obeying Stokes's
law, are derived and used to calculate the response of various size drops to changes in horizontal
wind speed. We find that (1) cloud drops respond almost instantaneously to changes
in wind speed, whereas raindrops require considerable time to adjust,...
The distribution of suspended matter in the Panama basin was determined by means of
light scattering and Coulter counter measurements on water samples collected at 50 hydrographic
stations. The observed distribution indicates three probable sources of suspended
matter: (1) the surface waters throughout the basin; (2) erosion and runoff from...
The steady Reynolds stress and turbulent energy equations for steady, horizontally homogeneous mean flow are used to relate the Reynolds stress u′w′ to the mean wind shear and heat fluxes in the planetary boundary layer.
The resulting Reynolds stress demonstrates a 3/2 power dependence on the stress Richardson number and...
Observations made during October and December 1971 on the Yaloc 71 Cruise of Oregon State University indicate the presence of the Cromwell Current on the east side of the Galapagos Islands. Light scattering, particle size distribution, nutrients, and standard hydrographic parameters were measured in water samples collected at 154 stations....
This paper was published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josa/Issue.cfm. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via...
A previously undescribed system of differential food
storage in replete forms of the honey ant, Myrmecocystus
mexicanus Wesmael, is reported. Certain repletes store lipid as glycerol and cholesterol esters associated with
sugar solutions containing glucose, fructose, and maltose.
The mating flight behavior of drone honey bees from swarm clusters is compared to drone mating flight behavior from colony situations. Duration of flight from swarms and colony situations is similar. Swarm drones appear to take as many flights/day but spend less time between flights than colony drones.
The previously suggested protection from microbial attack of ripening nectar by the addition of glucose oxidase by the common honey bee, Apis mellifera L., has been found to occur in 9 other eusocial Hymenoptera from 3 superfamilies. The antibacterial effect results from the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide produced by the...