Abnormal, large, possibly neoplastic cells from two Ostrea /urida have been successfully labeled with tritiated thymidine, and thus, for the first time, data are available for analyzing a presumptive invertebrate proliferative disorder. Large numbers of labeled atypical cells (AC) were uniformly distributed throughout the connective tissue (CT) underlying the gills,...
Ein Kultursystem wird beschrieben, das zur Zucht von Decapodenlarven und anderen kleineren Wassertieren geeignet ist. Es besteht aus einem rechteckigen Zuchtgefäß mit schräg abfallendem Boden, an dessen seichtem Ende Wasser einströmt, so daß eine abwärtsgerichtete Bodenströmung entsteht. An dem tiefen Ende des Zuchtbeckens wird durch eingeleitete Luft das Bodenwasser nach...
A workshop was held in Santa Barbara, California, associated with assessing the populations of nekton animals such as squids, shrimps and fishes. Sessions four major methods of assessing nekton populations:
(1) Net collections
(2) Acoustics
(3) Egg/larval surveys
(4) Visual methods, remote sensing and feeding habit studies
An attempt was...
Dover and rex sole larvae attain an exceptionally large size and have a long pelagic life. Dover sole larvae (9-65 mm standard length) were collected in mid-water trawls and plankton nets during all months of the year. Judging from growth of larvae and occurrence in bottom trawls of recently metamorphosed...
During July 1970, albacore boats trolling surface jigs (jig boats) had record catches in an area off the mouth of the Columbia River. The jig fishery declined suddenly in late July and was poor throughout the remainder of the summer. No obvious oceanographic changes were correlated with these drastic changes...
Radiosonde data from the National Hail Research Experiment and the Wangara experiment are examined to study vertical gradients of moisture in heated boundary layers which are well-mixed in virtual potential temperature. The frequent occurrence of a significant decrease of moisture with height in the mixed layer over the high plains...
The influence of boundary layer pumping on an externally forced, synoptic-scale flow is examined. The results follow earlier theories of stratified incompressible Boussinesq flow theories in that the spin-down time scale and the penetration depth of the influence of boundary layer pumping are inversely proportional to the stratification and proportional...
Narrow angle light scattering measurements were made for various sizes of spherical particles suspended in water. These were compared to calculated theoretical scattering values as derived from the theory of Mie (1908). Through measurements with different particle concentrations at angles between 0.2° and 0.7° the effect of the unscattered main...
The equatorial front in the eastern Pacific Ocean observed during 14 October–7 December, 1971, from R/V Yaquina of Oregon State University is discussed. The front is clearly defined at the sea surface by a large horizontal gradient of temperature, salinity, σt and nitrate. Equatorial upwelling, which is believed to be...
Atmospheric surface layer turbulent statistics measured during the Barbados Oceanographic and Meteorological Experiment 8 and 30 m above mean sea level are presented. The budget equations of turbulent kinetic energy, humility variance and temperature variance are examined. Within discussed limitations it is concluded that production equals dissipation in the case...
Observations of the hydrographic regime over the continental shelf off Oregon from the R/V Yaquina during the summer of 1972 showed the presence of an alongshore, subsurface ribbon of relatively cool water. Its properties and its evolution during the 1972 season are described. Examination of earlier observations showed that evidence...
Current meter moorings maintained over the Oregon continental shelf in 1973 and 1975 clearly show the difference between winter and spring oceanographic regimes and the rapid transition between the regimes. In winter the mean alongshore current is northward at all depths and strongest near shore; there is no mean vertical...
The diffuse irradiance of slopes relative to the diffuse irradiance of a horizontal surface is calculated by integrating the mean radiance distributions of cloudless skies in Britain for a wide range of solar elevations, azimuths and slope angles. There is reasonable agreement with measurements reported from a number of stations;...
Measurements of the spectral distribution of direct solar radiation, made in both wide and narrow wavebands, are reported. The measurements suggest that the wavelength dependence of aerosol attenuation in central England, in summer, can generally be described by a power law with wavelength exponent of about 1.7. Attenuation of visible...
Fluxes of sulphur dioxide to wheat were measured over two growing seasons. The deposition velocity, vg, depended primarily on affinities of surfaces for SO2 and varied from less than 0.1 to about 1.5cms−1. Stomata were an important sink, and diurnal changes in stomatal resistance accounted for most of the variation...
Observations made during October and December 1971 on the Yaloc 71 Cruise of Oregon State University indicate the presence of the Cromwell Current on the east side of the Galapagos Islands. Light scattering, particle size distribution, nutrients, and standard hydrographic parameters were measured in water samples collected at 154 stations....
Seasonal variations in the hydrography of the waters over the continental shelf off Oregon were observed in a set of hydrographic data collected along 44º39′N at intervals of a few weeks to a few months from 1961 through 1970. The temperature is determined only partly by the local heating and...
Uptake of [14C]glycine by various size fractions of natural plankton communities was measured to determine if phytoplankton can compete effectively with other members of the plankton community for the free amino acids in seawater. The simultaneous occurrence of glycine uptake, plant pigments, and photosynthetic activity in the same size fractions,...
We are concerned here with well-posed problems for the partial differential equation uₜ(x, t) + yMuₜ(x, t) + Lu(x, t) = f(x, t) containing the elliptic differential operator M of order 2m and the differential operator L of order ≤2m. Hilbert space methods are used to formulate and solve an...
An existence theory is developed for a semilinear evolution equation in Banach space which is modeled on boundary value problems for partial differential equations of Sobolev type. The operators are assumed to be measurable and to satisfy coercive estimates which are not necessarily uniform in their time dependence, and to...
The L²-error estimates are established for the continuous time Faedo-Galerkin approximation to solutions of a linear parabolic initial boundary value problem that has elliptic part of order 2m. Properties of analytic semigroups are used to obtain these estimates directly from the L²-estimates for the corresponding steady state elliptic problem under...
The Cauchy problem for the evolution equation Mu’(t) + N(t,u(t)) = 0 is studied, where M and N(t,•) are, respectively, possibly degenerate and nonlinear monotone operators from a vector space to its dual. Sufficient conditions for existence and for uniqueness of solutions are obtained by reducing the problem to an...
We give a nonstandard method of integrating the equation Bu" + Cu’ + Au = f in Hilbert space by reducing it to a first order system in which the differentiated term corresponds to energy. Semigroup theory gives existence for hyperbolic and for parabolic cases. When C = εA, ε...
The nonexponential phosphorescence decay of a highly folded form of poly-riboadenylic acid (poly rA) with noncovalently bound dye is explained by a novel application of a well-known theory of electronic excitation transfer based on the Förster mechanism. This theory, originally used to describe singlet-singlet energy transfer from donor molecules to...
We have developed a method for the determination of the orientational distribution function of partially ordered systems from the EPR line shape that is an alternative to the usual one of expansion in the elements of the Wigner rotation matrices. The method can be applied to distribution functions whose expansion...
Early afternoon environmental conditions preceding hail-producing thunderstorms are statistically compared with conditions for classes of less severe moist convection using only data from individual radiosonde releases collected during the National Hail Research Experiment in northeast Colorado. The ensuing analyses emphasize the thermodynamic characteristics of the mixed layer and immediate overlying...
Even slight terrain inhomogeneities can cause large horizontal variations in the clear, stably stratified, nocturnal boundary layer largely through cold air drainage. By early morning the valleys and depressions can be several degrees cooler than the adjacent slopes and plateaus. As surface heating begins in the morning, these horizontal variations...
The response of vertically averaged boundary layer flow to specified time-dependent pressure gradients is examined. The adjustment rate of the boundary layer flow to the pressure gradient field is found to be proportional to the strength of the coupling between the flow and boundary stresses. The angle between the steady...
The steady Reynolds stress and turbulent energy equations for steady, horizontally homogeneous mean flow are used to relate the Reynolds stress u′w′ to the mean wind shear and heat fluxes in the planetary boundary layer.
The resulting Reynolds stress demonstrates a 3/2 power dependence on the stress Richardson number and...
Steady, longitudinally invariant, barotropic, boundary layer flow is numerically studied at low latitudes where advective accelerations may he large and the Coriolis parameter is small. Flow is generated by specifying the pressure gradient field independent of the flow.
It is found that as the flow approaches the equator, advective terms...
This paper was published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josa/Issue.cfm. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via...
It is shown that the complex index of refraction of a given particle-size distribution may be calculated if the particle extinction coefficient and the particle absorption coefficient are known. If the particles are assumed to be nonabsorbing, a real index of refraction may be calculated from the ratio of light...
A new continuous wave sonic anemometer was constructed using inexpensive ultrasonic transducers and phase-locked loop integrated circuitry. Vertical wind is measured by sensing the difference in phase between sound waves traveling in the +g and −z directions. The direction of sound travel is reversed 78 times per second, so the...
Bulk compositions, petrology and mineralogy of > 0.5 mm Luna 16 aluminous mare basalt particles are described. The data rule out any close genetic relationships between Luna 16 and other major types of lunar mare basalts. Compared to high‐Ti mare basalts, the Luna 16 basalts contain lower TiO₂ (5.1 wt...
A two-layer model is used to study the properties of free coastal trapped waves which propagate over an idealized continental shelf and continental slope bottom topography. With both stratification and depth variations that are typical of continental shelf and slope regions, barotropic shelf waves and baroclinic internal Kelvin waves axe...
Observations were made of downward solar radiation as a function of depth during an experiment in the North Pacific (35°N, 155°W). The irradiance meter employed was sensitive to solar radiation of wavelength 400–1000 nm arriving from above at a horizontal surface. Because of selective absorption of the short and long...
The effects of alongshore variations in bottom topography on wind-stress-forced barotropic motion over a continental shelf and slope are studied. An idealized channel model with a weakly sloping bottom and with small-amplitude alongshore variations in topography is utilized. Perturbation methods and numerical inversion of Fourier transforms are employed. The effect...
The low-frequency [ω<0.5 cycle per day (cpd)] current fluctuations at four depths in 100 m of waterhave been investigated for two stations on the continental shelf off the coast of Oregon. One station, DB-7,was maintained during the summer of 1972 as part of the Coastal Upwelling Experiment-1 (CUE-I), and theother...
An analysis is presented of the low-frequency fluctuations [ω<0.6 cycle per day (cpd)] of the currents near the Oregon coast, based on the 1972 and 1973 measurements from moored current meters in CUE-1 and CUE-2. Let u and v denote the eastward (approximately onshore) and northward (approximately alongshore) components of...
Observations of the velocity fields over the continental shelf and slope off Oregon and off Peru have shown that there is a phase difference in the onshore-offshore direction, with the velocity fluctuations nearshore leading those offshore in time. It is shown here that the effects of bottom Ekman layer friction...
The effects of alongshore variations in bottom topography and coastline on the wind-stress-forced barotropic motion over a continental shelf and slope are studied. Perturbation methods are used to obtain solutions for forced and free continental shelf waves on an idealized continental shelf and slope with small-amplitude alongshore variations in topography....
An analysis is presented of low-frequency (<0.4 cpd) fluctuations in currents, temperature and tide gage data collected during the March-September 1976 segment of the CUEA JOINT-II experiment off the coast of Peru. The observations were made near 15°S, a region of particularly strong and persistent coastal upwelling. Conclusions about the...
A two-layer model with an idealized continental shelf and slope bottom topography is utilized to study some properties of the response of stratified coastal regions to meteorological forcing with variations in the alongshore direction. The model is such that the coastline is straight, there are no alongshore variations in the...
Velocity measurements from the continental shelf off Oregon taken during the Coastal Upwelling Experiment CUE-2 in the summer of 1973 are utilized to investigate momentum, vorticity and mass balance relationships for subinertial frequency (ω < 0.6 cpd) current fluctuations. Measurements from stations in water of depths of 54, 100 and...
Meteorological and oceanographic data for Ocean Station Vessel N (30N, 14OW) are analyzed over 20 years (1951–70) and 7 years (1964–70), respectively. A rainfall estimate is constructed for the 20-year period. The yearly average rainfall is 23 cm, far less than existing estimates. Daily and seasonal variations are presented. Heat...
Previous studies of forced, long continental shelf waves on an ƒ-plane have considered motion on the shelf and slope which is driven by an alongshore component of the wind stress, essentially through the suction of fluid into the surface layer at the coast. These studies have utilized a boundary condition,...