This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
This report includes information concerning experimental use of unregistered pesticides or unregistered uses of pesticides. Experimental results should not be interpreted as recommendations for use. Use of unregistered materials or use of any registered pesticides inconsistent with its label is against both Federal Law and State Law.
Lamprey eel harvesting has systematically and periodically occurred along the Siletz River and its tributaries for as many as hundreds, or thousands, or tens of thousands of years that human families and lamprey eel populations have coexisted in the Siletz Valley ecosystem. Historical, cultural, and biological information for the twentieth...
We believe concreteness, direct manipulation and responsiveness in a visual programming language increase its usefulness. However, these characteristics present a challenge in generalizing programs for reuse, especially when concrete examples are used as one way of achieving concreteness. In this paper, we present a technique to solve this problem by...
This PNW Extension publication provides an overview of various types of powderpost beetles, the symptoms associated with their damage, as well as tips for prevention and control.
This document defines the language Leda as currently implemented by the authors and Vinoo Cherian. Leda is an evolving research language and readers may wish to consult the bibliography for a variety of papers concerning its raison d'être. Our purpose here is to guide investigators in the use of a...
Most designers of object-based languages adopt a reference model of variables without explicit justification, despite its wide ranging consequences. This paper argues that the traditional container model of variables is more efficient than the reference model, nearly as flexible, and more appropriate to parallel and distributed systems. The topics addressed...
A weakness of many interactive visual programming languages (VPLs) is their static representations. Lack of an adequate static representation places a heavy cognitive burden on a VPL's programmers, because they must remember potentially long dynamic sequences of screen displays in order to understand a previously-written program. However, although this problem...
Dataparallel C is a SIMD extension to the standard C programming language. It is derived from the original C* language developed by Thinking Machines Corporation.. We have nearly completed a third-generation Dataparallel C compiler, which transforms Dataparallel C programs into SPMD-style C code suitable for compilation and execution on NCUBE...
Large integer factorization exemplifies a class of hard computational problems requiring the power of a supercomputer but which have algorithms decomposable into many large independent computations. The availability of internetworking provides the opportunity to solve such problems in distributed fashion on ordinary machines. Such a distributed network might contain a...
It often makes sense to write a program in the SIMD style, even if the program is to execute on a MIMD computer. Simulating physical events, in which all motion takes place simultaneously, is one area in which SIMD languages fit the applications particularly well. In this paper we present...
The Parallel Programming Support Environment (PPSE) is an experimental integrated set of tools for the design and construction of large software systems to run on parallel computers. The tools include a graphical de.sign editor, a graphical target machine description system, a task mapper/scheduler tool, parallel code generator, and graphical aids...
Parallel software development requires the flexibility to describe algorithms regardless of hardware specification, the ability to accommodate existing applications. and maintainability throughout the software life cycle. We propose the following model to address these issues. Our model incorporates aspects of the object-oriented and large grain data flow programming paradigms, and...
We are convinced that the combination of data-parallel languages and MIMD hardware can make an important contribution to high speed computing. The data-parallel paradigm is a natural way to solve a large number of problems arising in science and engineering. Data-parallel programs are easier to design, implement, and debug than...
We describe our third generation C* compiler for a hypercube multicomputer. This production quality compiler features a full implementation of the language, including general pointer-based communication and support for separate compilation. The compiler incorporates new optimizations and utilizes an improved set of communication primitives. It supports a variety of standard...
The coverage of a learning algorithm is the number of concepts that can be learned by that algorithm from samples of a given size. This paper asks whether good learning algorithms can be designed by maximizing their coverage. The paper extends a previous upper bound on the coverage of any...
This paper applies learning techniques to make engineering optimization more efficient and reliable. When the function to be optimized is highly non-linear, the search space generally forms several disjoint convex regions . Unless gradient-descent search is begun in the right region, the solution found will be suboptimal. This paper formalizes...
Visual Fortran D (VFD) is a graphical tool to assist parallel programmers in specifying data distributions. Its target is Fortran D, an extension to Fortran77 or Fortran90 which supports data parallelism. VFD provides an intuitive framework where the user employs simple, fast graphical manipulations to specify how data is to...
This paper describes HelpDez, a colored-Petri-net-based approach for the design, simulation, and construction of hypermedia help systems. The storage model, system capabilities, and user interface model of a hypermedia help system are examined. Colored Petri nets are chosen to model hypermedia help systems due to their graphical expressiveness and their...
Consider the problem of exploring a large state-space for a goal state where although many such states may exist in the state-space, finding any one state satisfying the requirements is sufficient. All the methods known until now for conducting such search in parallel using multiprocessors fail to provide consistent linear...
Heuristics for static scheduling of task graphs using list scheduling techniques have continued to improve by adding real-world factors such as processor speed, network transmission speed, interconnection topology, and link contention considerations to the basic task graph model. Yet, the resulting schedules do not fully model program loops and branches,...
This paper describes an analysis tool that extracts complexity metrics from Program Design Language (PDL) as contained in design specification documents. The tool analyzes pseudocode and computes token-count metrics of PDL complexity on a module by module basis. We used the tool to measure consistency within and across modules and...
A modern computerized manufacturing control system must manage production data, coordinate control actions, and provide user-friendly interfaces. An actionbase management system (ABMS) is a general software system that facilitates implementations of actionbase systems that provide these capabilities for different applications. Besides an ordinary data management facility, our ABMS includes action...
Leda is a newly evolving, strongly typed, compiled multi-paradigm programming language. This paper describes the integration of one of its supported paradigms, the logical (or relational) paradigm, into the language and the current implementation. It also describes implementational aspects of enumerated types and gives a variety of example programs that...
Leda is a strongly typed, compiled, multiparadigm programming language. This paper describes various implementation concerns which arose from the experience of writing a Leda compiler as part of the Leda research team. These include aspects of run-time representation, symbol-table information, and code generation. The paper concentrates on objects and classes....
As UNIX operating system's popularity increases, so arises the greater need for performance data gathering and resources management of the systems. Contrary to the expectation of UNIX users, however, there is only a limited set of tools available, and these tools are difficult to correlate data from different sources and...
This paper develops a new model of software maintenance based upon an objective decision rule which determines whether a given software module can be effectively modified, or if it should instead be rewritten. Completely rewriting a module can be expensive, but it can be even more expensive if the module's...
Signaling refers to the addition of non-content information to a text in order to emphasize certain ideas and/or clarify the organization. There is increased interest in using typographic signaling, such as boldface type, different font sizes and ruled lines, to format computer program source code listings. However, little evidence exists...
The continuous-time mathematics of a binary-decision making neuromime are presented. The model, generally describable as a simplification of the Hodgkin-Huxley model, seeks to mimic many properties of biological neurons including spatial and temporal summation of excitatory and inhibitory inputs, action potential evolution controlled by countervailing charge movements, and postinhibitory rebound...
Beacons are defined as sets of key features that typically indicate the presence of a particular data structure or operation. It has been claimed that programmers use them to help comprehend an unfamiliar program. However, despite their importance, beacons are not well-defined and very few have been identified. The present...
In this paper we study the problem of scheduling parallel program tasks that are enclosed in a set of nested loops on parallel computers. We first introduce a representation of the tasks and their relations in a loop. The representation allows us to express loop-carried data dependences among tasks as...
We provide a new solution to the problem of scheduling parallel program tasks that are enclosed in a set of nested loops on distributed-memory parallel computers. The new solution is extended to a new scheduling heuristic for scheduling unrolled loops onto arbitrary target machines. Our technique allows several iterations of...
The performance of the error backpropagation (BP) and ID3 learning algorithms was compared on the task of mapping English text to phonemes and stresses. Under the distributed output code developed by Sejnowski and Rosenberg, it is shown that BP consistently out-performs 1D3 on this task by several percentage points. Three...
Exploratory research contributes to the continued vitality of every discipline. The aim of exploratory research is to identify new tasks-tasks that cannot be solved by existing methods. Once a new task has been found, exploratory research seeks to develop a precise definition of the task and to understand the factors...
The performance of the error backpropagation (BP) and 1D3 learning algorithms was com- pared on the task of mapping English text to phonemes and stresses. Under the distributed output code developed by Sejnowski and Rosenberg, it is shown that BP consistently out- performs ID3 on this task by several percentage...
It is suggested that the best way to learn about a Macintosh application is to play around with it. We agree with this philosophy and believe that most of the features in the Parallel Programming Support Environment (or PPSE) are easy enough to learn without referring to this manual. Most...
Multiclass learning problems involve finding a definition for an unknown function f(x) whose range is a discrete set containing k > 2 values (i.e., k "classes") . The definition is acquired by studying large collections of training examples of the form (xi, f(xi)) . Existing approaches to this problem include...
Many important application problems can be formalized as constrained non-linear optimization tasks. However, numerical methods for solving such problems are brittle and do not scale well. Furthermore, they do not provide much insight into the structure of the problem space. This paper describes a method for discovering efficient rules that...
A Belief Net is a factored representation for a joint probability distribution over a set of variables. This factoring is made possible by the conditional independence relationships among variables made evident in the sparseness of the graphical level of the net. There is, however, another source of factoring available which...
Biological and physical limitations require that DNA be sequenced in fragments. There are several approaches to obtain the appropriate sized fragments of DNA to sequence. The method of sequencing that we are interested in is loosely referred to as shotgun sequencing. Many copies of the genomic DNA to be sequenced...
In this short paper, I plan to review the work I have done on neural nets over the course of the last 20 years. As one might reasonably expect the questions being asked and the approaches to solving them have evolved, but there are still fundamental questions which remain unanswered...
Control abstraction is the process by which programmers define new control constructs by specifying an ordering of statement execution. Using control abstraction, we can create new control constructs for parallel programming, separate the specification of parallelism and synchronization from the rest of the application code, and vary the parallelism exploited...
This paper presents a study of the distribution of assembly language instructions in two avionics software applications and the development of an information theoretic software complexity metric based on the study. The instructions were grouped into classes , e.g. load and store, arithmetic, jump, compare, etc. As expected the distribution...
A new technique of implementing the object-oriented language Little Smalltalk is developed using tuple space communication of Linda. In this implementation, the language's abstract constructs such as object, class, and method are naturally mapped into tuple space. Since Linda's tuple space is designed to facilitate parallel processing, this implementation technique...
An active-object user interface system (AOUIS) is a user interface system implemented as an active object system (AOS). An AOS is a transition-based object-oriented system suitable for the design of various concurrent systems. In an AOUIS, user interface objects, which are sometimes called "widgets", are represented as active user interface...
An active object system is a transition-based object-oriented system suitable for the design of various concurrent systems. An AOS consists of a collection of interacting objects, where the behavior of each object is determined by the transition statements provided for the class of that object. A transition statement is a...
Although numerous Boolean concept learning algorithms have been introduced in the literature, little is known about what categories of concepts are actually learned satisfactorily by most of these algorithms. Conventional comparison studies, which test various algorithms in some chosen domain, do not provide such information, since their conclusions are limited...
This paper describes efficient methods for exact and approximate implementation of the MIN-FEATURES bias, which prefers consistent hypotheses definable over as few features as possible. This bias is useful for learning domains where many irrelevant features are present in the training data.
We first introduce FOCUS-2, a new algorithm that...
It can be reasonably assumed that lamprey eel harvesting has systematically and periodically occurred along the Siletz River and its tributaries for as many hundreds, or thousands, or tens of thousands of years that human families and lamprey eel populations have coexisted in the Siletz Valley ecosystem. This report is...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices (within the limits of experimentation) or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprayers. Unless otherwise indicated, preplant herbicide...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices (within the limits of experimentation) or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied unifonnly with precision plot sprayers. Unless otherwise indicated, preplant herbicide...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices (within the limits of experimentation) or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays. Unless otherwise indicated, preplant herbicide...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices ( within the limits of experimentation) or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays. Unless otherwise indicated, preplant...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices within the limits of experimentation or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays, or granular formulations were distributed...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices within the limits of experimentation or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays, or granular formulations were distributed...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices within the limits of experimentation or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with three to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays, or granular formulations were distributed...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices within the limits of experimentation or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with two to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays or granular formulations were distributed...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices within the limits of experimentation or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with two to five replications. Herbicide. treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays or granular formulations were distributed...
Crops were grown at the experimental farms using accepted cultural practices within the limits of experimentation or trials were conducted on growers' fields. Most experiments were designed as randomized complete blocks with two to five replications. Herbicide treatments were applied uniformly with precision plot sprays or granular formulations were distributed...
Blue-striped Brodiaea or Leach's Brodiaea (Triteleia hendersonii Greene var. leachiae [Peck] Hoover, or Brodiaea hendersonii Wats. var. leachiae ) Lily Family (Liliaceae) is found in the foothills of the Siskiyou Mountains of Curry, Coos and Josephine Counties of southwestern Oregon. It is occurs in a variety of habitats including meadow...
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The purpose of this investigation was to determine if pinniped feeding patterns have significant negative impacts on depressed salmonid stocks. Knowledge about prey selection by pinnipeds is key to assessing their potential impact on salmonid stocks. The four major work elements reported are: 1) the reanalysis of Columbia River area...
During the last two years thrips have been suspected of causing shoot damage in the form of reduced leaf size and stunted vine growth in one vineyard in the Cave Junction area of Southern Oregon. While there can be several problems that can cause this symptom in grapes, it was...
For over 14 years there has been a Area Horticultural Extension Agent available to assist winegrape growers in Jackson and Josephine Counties with production problems by conducting educational programs and applied research projects. While the salary for this position is paid by Oregon State University Extension, support funds which pay...
For over 14 years there has been a Area Horticultural Extension Agent available to assist winegrape growers in Jackson and Josephine Counties with production problems by conducting educational programs and applied research projects. While the salary for this position is paid by Oregon State University Extension, support funds winch pay...
For over 14 years there has been a Area Horticultural Extension Agent available to assist winegrape growers in Jackson and Josephine Counties with production problems by conducting educational programs and applied research projects. While the salary for this position is paid by Oregon State University Extension, support funds which pay...
For over 14 years there has been an Area Horticulture Extension Agent available to assist winegrape growers in Jackson and Josephine Counties with production problems by conducting educational programs and applied research projects. While the salary for this position is paid by Oregon State University Extension, support funds which pay...
For over 13 years there has been an Area Horticultural Extension Agent available to assist winegrape growers in Jackson and Josephine Counties with production problems by conducting educational programs and applied research projects. While the salary for this position is paid by Oregon State University Extension, support funds which pay...
For over 13 years there has been an area horticultural Extension agent available to assist winegrape growers in Jackson and Josephine Counties with production problems by conducting educational programs and applied research projects. While the salary for this position is paid by Oregon State University Extension, support funds which pay...
For several years thrips have been suspected of causing shoot damage in the form of reduced leaf size and stunted vine growth in a vineyard in the Cave Junction area of Southern Oregon. While the symptoms described above can be caused by several problems, it was decided in 1992 to...
It is anticipated that at least one additional clone (Merlot 347) will be added when it becomes available in 1999. All clones are being propagated on 101-14 rootstock. Plots will be located in 5 vineyards from Ashland to the Applegate Valley. Each vineyard will have 20 vines of each clone,...
There have been significant changes in personnel assignments in the OSU Viticulture program during the past year, resulting in shifts in assignments and responsibilities affecting both research and extension in viticulture. Some of these changes are temporary and the current Extension program in viticulture should be considered an interim program....
To provide educational programming in support of the Oregon winegrape industry through delivery of educational seminars, newsletters, the Northwest Berry & Grape Information Net, Extension publications, site visits, and telephone consultations.
To provide educational programming in support of the Oregon winegrape industry through delivery of educational seminars, newsletters, the Northwest Berry & Grape InfoNet, Extension publications, site visits, and telephone consultations.
In 1994-95, the Oregon Wine Advisory Board supported a cooperative study entitled "Crown gall and phylloxera in Oregon grape vines: Biology and treatment of planting stock with hot water dips" with Bernadine Strik and Marilyn Canfield (Larry Moore) as co-principal investigators. We will report our findings on hot water dips...
Introduction of new winegrape varieties and clones of important commercial varieties in Oregon. zEvaluation of vine and grape characteristics of selected varieties. zEvaluation of phylloxera resistant rootstocks.
Develop and publish literature to provide up-to-date information on specific topics zDevelop grape grower and County Extension Agent training sessions and short courses zResearch phyiloxera biology in Oregon
Grape phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae), a root-feeding aphid-like insect, is the most important pest of European winegrape vineyards worldwide. They cannot be controlled on infested vines which eventually die. There are currently no satisfactory chemical or biological control methods for this pest; its management throughout the world has been by planting...
Three different green cover treatments were compared in their effect on leaf gas-exchange, vine growth, yield and fruit composition. The treatments were: grass cover, resident plants, and an insectary plant mixture. Photosynthesis, transpiration, and water use efficiency were lower for vines with a grass cover. Leaf area and shoot growth...
Pinot noir and Chardonnay are the two main varieties in Oregon. Together they comprise approximately 60% of the Oregon winegrape acreage, and 64% of the total production for a value of $10,482,000 (69%). Internationally, clonal selection of Pinot noir and Chardonnay have made available, for each variety, an array of...
Five replicated rootstock trials established in Oregon's three main viticultural regions were evaluated for the effect of rootstock on Pinot noir performance. All the trials except Alpine included the following seven rootstocks: ungrafted Pinot noir, 3309 Couderc, 101-14 Millardet et De Grasset, 44-53 Malegue, 420 A Millardet et De Grasset,...
Five replicated rootstock trials established in Oregon's three main viticultural. regions were evaluated for the effect of rootstock on Pinot noir performance. All the trials except Alpine included the following seven rootstocks: ungrafted Pinot noir, 3309 Couderc, 101-14 Millardet et De Grasset, 44-53 Mal6gue, 420 A Millardet et De Grasset,...
Five different trellis and training systems were compared in their effect on yield components, fruit composition, fruit set, and shoot morphology in Pinot noir grapevines in 1996 and 1997. This trial was performed on established vines planted on a low-vigor valley floor site, in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The...
With new vineyard planting and the replanting of older vineyards on phylloxera-resistant rootstock on the rise, grape growers are looking for rootstocks that are good fits for a particular site and management style. Making an informed decision on rootstocks before planting can help create a vineyard that will be manageable...
Most quality wines are produced in areas where annual precipitation is below 700 to 800 mm (Jackson & Schuster, 1994), and evidence suggests that high rainfall or excessive irrigation lowers quality. Excessive irrigation is reported to slow ripening, increase yields partially berry enlargement, elevate juice pH and acid content, and...
The introduction of new clones and rootstock varieties has played an important role in the development of the Oregon wine grape industry. The OSU Grapevine Mother Block has been an integral part of this overall vine improvement program providing a readily accessible source of specific pathogen tested grapevine plant material...
The introduction of new clones and rootstock varieties has played an important role in the development of the Oregon wine grape industry. The OSU Grapevine Mother Block has been an integral part of this overall vine improvement program providing a readily accessible source of specific pathogen tested grapevine plant material...
Pinot noir and Chardonnay are the two main winegrape varieties in Oregon. In 1997, they comprised approximately 58% of the Oregon winegrape acreage, and 60% of the total production for a value of $14,171,000 (66% of total) (1). Internationally, clonal selection of Pinot noir and Chardonnay have made available, for...
Pinot noir and Chardonnay are the two main winegrape varieties in Oregon. In 1998, they comprised approximately 59% of the Oregon winegrape acreage, and 57% of the total production for a value of $10,803,000 (62% of total) (1). Internationally, clonal selection of Pinot noir and Chardonnay have made available, for...
A broad range of factors influence wine grape quality and manipulation of these factors has stimulated interest among grape growers, wine makers, and research scientists alike. One such factor affecting wine grape quality is crop level, particularly for Pinot noir. Since the capacity of a vine to ripen fruit depends...
The connection between the fruit-set disorder Inflorescence Necrosis (IN) and high ammonium (NI14+) in affected tissues has led to an investigation of NH4+ assimilation enzymes (principally glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase) in grape tissues. Previous work in this department has suggested that toxic levels of NH4+ build up in...
Inflorescence Necrosis (IN) has been an unpredictable problem for grape growers in Oregon. The
industry has seen significant losses due to this fruit set disorder in several out of the eight years since its
first description in 1988, particularly in Pinot noir. Little is known of how to prevent the...
