Innovativeness can help companies differentiate themselves, with the ultimate goal of securing survival and improving performance. Modern theories in organizational behavior look at innovation as something that starts with individual creativity but that is also affected by the work environment. Using one broad industry sector, the US forest products industry,...
Breast-high stem sections were sampled from 56 western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) trees growing in 15 plots representing a wide range of tree and site conditions in northwestern Oregon. Growth and wood density traits of individual rings were measured via X-ray densitometry, and relationships of ring density and its...
We investigated how large carnivores, herbivores, and plants may be linked to the maintenance of native species biodiversity through trophic
cascades. The extirpation of wolves (Canis lupus) from Yellowstone National Park in the mid-1920s and their reintroduction in 1995 provided the
opportunity to examine the cascading effects of carnivore–herbivore interactions...
The Lewis and Clark journals contain some of the earliest and most detailed written descriptions of a large part of the United States before
Euro-American settlement.We used the journal entries to assess the influence of humans on wildlife distribution and abundance. Areas with
denser human population, such as the Columbia...
Hens stop laying eggs for a variety of reasons. External or internal stimuli affect hormone levels, which change the condition of the ovary and oviduct, the organs responsible for egg production. The result of these changes is the reduction or cessation of egg production. The most common stimuli that affect...
Plant growth stages are identified as distinct morphological landmarks in a continuous developmental process. The terms
describing these developmental stages record the morphological appearance of the plant at a specific point in its life cycle. The
widely differing morphology of plant species consequently gave rise to heterogeneous vocabularies describing growth...
Estimates of mass transfer timescales from 316 solute transport experiments reported in 35 publications are compared to the pore-water velocities and residence times, as well as the experimental durations. New tracer experiments were also conducted in columns of different lengths so that the velocity and the advective residence time could...
Published July 2003. Reviewed October 2014. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Climate warming may first show up in forests as increased growth, which occurs as warmer temperatures, increased carbon dioxide, and more precipitation encourage higher rates of photosynthesis. The second way that climate change may show up in forests is through changes in disturbance regimes—the long-term patterns of fire, drought, insects,...
Key ideas
• The child-centered approach
• Ways to say “Very good”
• Helping youth learn
• Teaching tools
• Leadership styles and your club
• Leader characteristics
• What to do about kids who act up
• The activity, ideas, or meeting bombed! Now what?
Published February 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Published October 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Applying concepts from the behavioral complexity literature (Ashby, 1952; Denison, Hooijberg, and Quinn, 1995) we examine if supply managers’ multiple roles and the ability to shift among these roles is related to their interpersonal relationship with their key contact within the strategic suppliers’ organization and ultimately with the firm-to-firm relationship....
Recent work by S. Lentz et al. documents offshore transport in the inner shelf due to a wave-driven return
flow associated with the Hasselmann wave stress (the Stokes–Coriolis force). This analysis is extended using
observations from the central Oregon coast to identify the wave-driven return flow present and quantify the...
Recent natural disasters around the world including
both tsunamis and hurricanes, have highlighted the inability
of wood buildings to withstand wave and surge
loading during these extreme events. Little is known
about the interaction between coastal residential light-frame
wood buildings and wave and surge loading because
often little is left...
Hydrological optics has a rich history, playing a significant role in physical, chemical, and biological oceanography. The success over the last 30 years has provided oceanographers with a non-invasive means to study regional and global scale physical, chemical, and biological processes (Figure 1). The ability to map the color of...
Water vapor transport in the vicinity of imbibing saline solutions was investigated in two-dimensional (2-D) chambers using a light transmission technique. Concentrated NaNO3 solutions (brines) were applied as point sources to the surface of homogenous packs of prewetted silica sand for four different sand grades. The same solutions were applied...
Wood-plastic composites are generally presumed to be inherently more resistant to moisture uptake than solid wood, but there is little data on the relative rates of moisture uptake in these materials over time. Trex[R] and Strandex[R] deck sections were immersed in water for up to 215 days, then sections were...
Hyperion is a hyperspectral sensor on board NASA’s EO-1 satellite with a spatial
resolution of approximately 30 m and a swath width of about 7 km. It was originally designed
for land applications, but its unique spectral configuration (430 nm – 2400 nm with a ~10 nm
spectral resolution) and...
Western United States forest wildfire activity is widely thought to have increased in recent decades,
yet neither the extent of recent changes nor the degree to which climate may be driving regional
changes in wildfire has been systematically documented. Much of the public and scientific
discussion of changes in western...
Western United States forest wildfire activity is widely thought to have increased in recent decades, yet neither the extent of recent changes nor the degree to which climate may be driving regional changes in wildfire has been systematically documented. Much of the public and scientific discussion of changes in western...
The objectives of this study are to determine:
· How vine vigor and fruit composition vary in different alleyway management regimes: solid vegetative cover vs. every other alleyway of vegetative cover removed
· What differences are observed in different alleyway management regimes within a vineyard
· What differences are observed...
Data from three micronetworks with eddy correlation data and three additional micronetworks without eddy correlation data are analyzed to study the spatial variability of surface air temperature in complex terrain. A simple similarity relationship is constructed to relate the spatial variation of air temperature along the slope to the thermal...
We compared brood sizes among adult female Euphausia pacifica Hansen, 1911 from 3
populations in the North Pacific: Puget Sound, Washington, USA; Toyama Bay, Japan; and the Oregon coast, USA. Additionally, we used multiple linear regression models to compare the interspecific brood size as a function of female length and...
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aboard the Terra spacecraft contains spectral bands that allow retrieval of solar-induced phytoplankton chlorophyll fluorescence emission radiance. Concurrent airborne laser-induced (and water-Raman normalized) phytoplankton chlorophyll fluorescence data is used to successfully validate the MODIS chlorophyll fluorescence line height (FLH) retrievals within Gulf Stream, continental...
The origin of high hole conduction in BaCuQF (Q=S,Se) was investigated by photoemission
measurements and full-potential linearized augmented plane wave band-structure calculations. In
both compounds, the large dispersion near the top of the valence band is realized by admixed states
of Cu 3d and S 3p or Se 4p orbitals,...
Climate models differ in their responses to imposed forcings, such as increased greenhouse gas concentrations, due to different climate feedback strengths. Feedbacks in NCAR’s Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) are separated into two components: the change in climate components in response to an imposed forcing and the “radiative kernel,” the effect...
We constructed an experimental apparatus that used lasers to provide the probe beams for measuring the transient absorption kinetics of bacterioplankton that contain proteorhodopsin, a microbial protein that binds retinal and is analogous to animal rhodopsin. With this approach we were able to observe photocycles characteristic of functioning retinylidene ion...
A key problem faced by managers is how to allocate scarce resources
among activities or projects. Linear programming, or LP, is a method of
allocating resources in an optimal way. It is one of the most widely used operations research (OR) tools. It has been used successfully as a decisionmaking...
Large quantities of smaller diameter materials are available in the overstocked forests of eastern Oregon and Washington, but the costs of removing these materials and the long distances from markets sharply reduce the potential of this resource. Failure to thin these forests will sharply increase the likelihood of catastrophic wildfires....
Balanced nutrition is important for efficient livestock production.
Daily nutrient requirements vary depending on the phase of production. Knowing the nutrient composition of feeds and matching feeds to animal requirements at a given stage of production will ensure that nutritional needs are met. Forage analysis is a management tool that...
In the blink of an eye, unconscious bias was visible to me, an African American. A man saw my face as I walked into the store and unconsciously checked his wallet. On the street, a woman catches my eye a half block away and moves her purse from the handle...
In a multilevel study to determine limits to underplanted conifer seedling growth, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), grand fir (Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.), western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) seedlings were planted beneath second-growth Douglas-fir stands that had...
Continued stock declines in marine fisheries have resulted in a search for more risk-averse management approaches. In response, the Sustainable Fisheries Act of 1996 mandates habitat protection, bs catch reduction, and stock rebuilding. These changes emphasize precaution, and imply a shift in focus from maximizing yields to minimizing ecological impacts...
A physically based hydrology model is used to produce time series for the period 1916–2003 of evapotranspiration (ET), runoff, and soil moisture (SM) over the western United States from which long-term trends are evaluated. The results show that trends in ET in spring and summer are determined primarily by trends...
The forces exerted on light-frame wood buildings as a result of surge and waves are not fully understood. With a better understanding of these types of forces, it may eventually be possible to build coastal structures to better withstand the loads. In this paper, a recent two part experimental study...
We compared the abundance, diversity, and composition of truffles in riparian and upland areas within a
mixed-conifer forest of the Sierra Nevada of California. We sampled for truffles in a single watershed over two seasons
(spring and summer) and 4 years to determine whether truffles were more abundant and diverse...
To understand the characteristics of sea surface height signatures of tropical instability waves (TIWs), a linearized model of the central Pacific Ocean was developed in which the vertical structures of the state variables are projected onto a set of orthogonal baroclinic eigenvectors. In lieu of in situ current measurements with...
A method for measuring whole-tree interception of precipitation is presented which employs mechanical displacement sensors to measure trunk compression caused by the water captured by the tree. This direct and nondestructive method is demonstrated to be sensitive to less than 5 kg of interception field tests in Netherlands and Ghana.
This publication provides basic information on tree growth, characteristics that define wood quality, and the implications of common silvicultural (tree tending) activities on wood quality. It is at best a summary—tree growth is an immensely complex process, and not all aspects of wood formation are fully understood. Most of the...
The ratio of live crown length to tree height (crown ratio; CR) is often used as an important predictor variable for tree level growth equations, particularly for multi-species and multi-layered stands. Also, CR indicates tree vigour and can be an important habitat variable. Measurement of CR for each tree can...
Convergent flow tracer tests conducted in the Culebra dolomite (Rustler Formation, New Mexico) are analyzed with both single- and multiple-rate, double-porosity models. Parameter estimation is used to determine the mean and standard deviation of a lognormal distribution of diffusion rate coefficients as well as the advective porosity and longitudinal dispersivity....
We investigated multiple-rate diffusion as a possible explanation for observed behavior in a suite of single-well injection-withdrawal (SWIW) tests conducted in a fractured dolomite. We first investigated the ability of a conventional double-porosity model and a multirate diffusion model to explain the data. This revealed that the multirate diffusion hypothesis/model...
Recent turbulence measurements over a small bank on the continental shelf off Oregon reveal a previously undetected site for intense mixing of the coastal ocean. The flow is hydraulically controlled and turbulence diffusivities over the bank are more than 100 times greater than estimates made on the shelf away from...
The event-scale variability of across-shelf transport was investigated using observations made in 15 m of
water on the central Oregon inner shelf. In a study area with intermittently upwelling-favorable winds and
significant density stratification, hydrographic and velocity observations show rapid across-shelf movement of
water masses over event time scales of...
Multiplicative random cascades (MRCs) can parsimoniously generate highly intermittent patterns similar to those in rainfall. The elemental MRC model parameter is the cascade weight, which determines how rainfall at one scale is partitioned at the next smallest scale in the cascade. While it is known that the probability density of...
The light-wind, clear-sky, very stable boundary layer (vSBL) is characterized by large values of bulk
Richardson number. The light winds produce weak shear, turbulence, and mixing, and resulting strong
temperature gradients near the surface. Here five nights with weak-wind, very stable boundary layers during
the Cooperative Atmosphere–Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99)...
Mark Twain (portrayed by actor Kirby Brumfield) uses humor and a companion workbook to show viewers how to clarify, simplify, and generally improve writing skills.
The temporal response of the length of a partially mixed estuary to changes in freshwater discharge Q𝒻 and
tidal amplitude Uₜ is studied using a 108-day time series collected along the length of the Hudson River
estuary in the spring and summer of 2004 and a long-term (13.4 yr) record...
How do we bridge the mismatch between teachers and students based on race and ethnicity currently in our nation's schools? The teaching force remains overwhelmingly White, while the percentage of K-12 students of color continues to rise. Because of cultural dissonance, teachers may not understand the needs of their students....
A snowpack model sensitivity study, observed changes of snow cover in the NOAA satellite dataset, and snow cover simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 3 (CMIP3) multimodel dataset are used to provide new insights into the climate response of Northern Hemisphere (NH) snow cover. Under conditions of warming...
In Fall 2006, a faculty member in George Washington University's University Writing 20 (UW20) program began incorporating service learning into her theme-based first-year writing course. Along with her librarian partner, they linked two research assignments to the service work of the students. An end-of-semester survey was administrated over three semesters...
Objective: Millions of US households experienced food insecurity in 2005.
Research indicates that low wages and little social support contribute to food
insecurity. The present study aimed to examine whether social support moderates
the relationship between income and food insecurity.
Design: Using a mail survey, we collected data on social...
A set of model runs was made with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community
Climate Model, version 3 (CCM3) to investigate and help assess the relative roles of snow cover anomalies and
initial atmospheric states on the subsequent accumulation and ablation seasons. In order to elucidate the physical...
Formal description of plant phenotypes and standardized annotation of gene expression and protein localization data require
uniform terminology that accurately describes plant anatomy and morphology. This facilitates cross species comparative
studies and quantitative comparison of phenotypes and expression patterns. A major drawback is variable terminology that is
used to describe...
Background: Large molecular sequence databases are fundamental resources for modern
bioscientists. Whether for project-specific purposes or sharing data with colleagues, it is often
advantageous to maintain smaller sequence databases. However, this is usually not an easy task for
the average bench scientist.
Results: We present the Personal Sequence Database (PSD),...
A multispectral optical sensor collects data at select wavebands or channels. An example is the Sea-viewing Wide-Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) ocean color satellite, which measures eight wavebands between 402 and 885 nm (20-40 nm bandwidth with peaks centered around 412, 443, 490, 510, 555, 670, 765, and 865 nm). Optical oceanographers...
Published July 2001. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The study’s purpose was to identify the mediating role of intention and the stages of change (SOC) in physical activity (PA) over a 6-month period using two models (Theory of Planned Behavior [TPB] and TPB/SOC). Participants were 143 adults with physical disabilities (70.68% response rate; M age = 46.03). The...
The materiality and neutrality of neutral density and several forms of orthobaric density are calculated and compared using a simple idealization of the warm-sphere water mass properties of the Atlantic Ocean. Materiality is the value of the material derivative, expressed as a quasi-vertical velocity, following the motion of each of...
A linearized baroclinic, spectral-in-time tidal inverse model has been developed for assimilation of surface currents from coast-based high-frequency (HF) radars. Representer functions obtained as a part of the generalized inverse solution show that for superinertial flows information from the surface velocity measurements propagates to depth along wave characteristics, allowing internal...
Dynein light chain LC8 is a small, dimeric, and very highly conserved globular protein that is an integral part of the dynein and myosin molecular motors but appears to have a broader role in multiple protein complexes unrelated to molecular motors. LC8 binds to two families of targets: those having...
Understanding the relative influence of fuels and climate on wildfires across the Rocky Mountains is necessary to predict how fires may respond
to a changing climate and to define effective fuel management approaches to controlling wildfire in this increasingly populated region. The idea
that decades of fire suppression have promoted...
Understanding the relative influence of fuels and climate on wildfires across the Rocky Mountains is necessary to predict how fires may respond to a changing climate and to define effective fuel management approaches to controlling wildfire in this increasingly populated region. The idea that decades of fire suppression have promoted...
Oregon State University Extension Service is pleased to share with you a tremendous teaching resource for 4th and 5th grade classes. This unique curriculum, “The Incredible Egg,” integrates the concepts of chick embryology into easy‑to-use math, science, and language arts lesson plans.
In addition, lessons for this curriculum have been...
The impact of SST specification on low-level winds in the operational ECMWF numerical weather prediction model is investigated in the eastern tropical Pacific from comparisons of ECMWF wind stress fields with QuikSCAT satellite scatterometer observations of wind stress during the August–December cold seasons of 2000 and 2001. These two time...
From 27 June to 3 September 1999, CO2 fluxes from a 5-year-old, 84.15-ha vegetated clearcut in sub-boreal British Columbia were measured using a Bowen ratio energy balance (BREB) system and a second approach (the component model) that was based on scaled up CO2-flux measurements from belowground and plants (spruce seedlings...
The small S₁ ocean tide is caused primarily by diurnal atmospheric pressure loading. Its excitation is therefore unlike any other diurnal tide; in particular, pressure loading is maximum near the equator where the diurnal gravitational potential is zero. The global character of the S₁ tide is here determined by numerical...
The latitudinal structure of annual equatorial Rossby waves in the tropical Pacific Ocean based on sea surface height (SSH) and thermocline depth observations is equatorially asymmetric, which differs from the structure of the linear waves of classical theory that are often presumed to dominate the variability. The nature of this...
Ceratomyxa shasta is a myxozoan parasite identified as a contributor to salmon mortality in the Klamath River, USA. The parasite has a complex life cycle involving a freshwater polychaete, Manayunkia speciosa and a salmonid. As part of ongoing research on how environmental parameters influence parasite establishment and replication, we designed...
Land-associated, sound-scattering layers of mesopelagic micronekton surround the Hawaiian Islands. These animals undergo diel
migrations during which they split into multiple, distinct layers that have differences in animal density, taxonomic composition,
and size. A video-camera system capable of quantitatively estimating the biological constituency of the layers was combined with
a...
The effect of disturbance on the resistant propagule community (RPC) of ectomycorrhizal
fungi has been given relatively little attention. In this study we investigate the effects of
heat, one important factor of fire disturbances, on the ability of ectomycorrhizal RPC fungi
to colonize Pinus jeffreyi seedlings in greenhouse bioassays. Prior...
Nitrogen is a limiting resource in many temperate forests and nitrogen-fixing plants are usually limited to the early
stages of post-disturbance succession. In fire-dependent Sierra Nevada forests, however, Ceanothus cordulatus is
relatively abundant even in old-growth forest conditions which are at least partly maintained by fire.We conducted
a field experiment...
Nitrogen is a limiting resource in many temperate forests and nitrogen-fixing plants are usually limited to the early stages of post-disturbance succession. In fire-dependent Sierra Nevada forests, however, Ceanothus cordulatus is relatively abundant even in old-growth forest conditions which are at least partly maintained by fire. We conducted a field...
Fluorescein has been used for rapid and sensitive detection of fish skin and corneal ulceration. Effective use of the fluorescein test requires knowledge of conditions that might cause misleading interpretations or otherwise interfere with test reliability. Examination of fish health and the clinical workup often require tricaine as one of...
An atmospheric stationary wave teleconnection mechanism is proposed to explain how ENSO may affect the Tibetan Plateau snow depth and thereby the south Asian monsoons. Using statistical analysis, the short available record of satellite estimates of snow depth, and ray tracing, it is shown that wintertime ENSO conditions in the...
The nature of the teleconnection linking ENSO variability with Atlantic basin tropical storm formation is investigated. Solutions of the linearized barotropic vorticity equation forced with August–October El Niño event divergence produce upper-tropospheric vorticity anomalies over the Sahel and at the mouth of the North African–Asian (NAA) jet over the tropical...
A mesoscale model is used to examine the dynamics of northwest flow over the Santa Barbara Channel region.
Three cases are considered, each characterized by typical summertime synoptic conditions, but with differences
in pressure gradient strength and marine boundary layer depth (MBL). The first case examines a relatively deep
MBL...
Requirements are growing for peer review of the science used for governmental management decisions. This is particularly true for fisheries science, where management decisions are often controversial. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Marine Fisheries Service instituted the Center for Independent Experts (CIE) in 1998 as a national peer-review...
Subject reference librarians at OSU create subject guides to assist library patrons to locate pertinent sources on their own. These guides direct patrons to information in a variety of formats, including books, series, and journals, but often lack Internet resources. The original intent of the CAMEL Project was to set...
A substantial portion of the developed world's population is increasingly dependent on machines to make their way in the everyday world. For certain privileged groups, computers, cell phones, PDAs, Blackberries, and IPODs, all permitting the faster processing of information, are commonplace. In these populations, even exercise can be automated as...
The 1-km advanced very high resolution radiometer observations from the morning, NOAA-12, and afternoon,
NOAA-11, satellite passes over the coast of California during June 1994 are used to determine the altitudes,
visible optical depths, and cloud droplet effective radii for low-level clouds. Comparisons are made between
the properties of clouds...
Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) wind and convection anomalies are locally amplified over the northeast Pacific warm pool during June–November. Composite analysis using NCEP reanalysis data indicates that perturbation available potential energy (PAPE) production through the positive correlation of intraseasonal temperature and convective diabatic heating anomalies supports the local intensification of MJO-related...
The placement of ‘Pseudomonas butanovora’ in the genus Thauera was proposed previously, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, upon further studies of taxonomical characteristics. In this study, physiological characteristics and DNA–DNA reassociation data are presented and the transfer of ‘P. butanovora’ to the genus Thauera is proposed. The original...
A definition is suggested for affine symmetry tensors, which generalize the notion of affine vectors in the same way that (conformal) Killing tensors generalize (conformal) Killing vectors. An identity for these tensors is proven, which gives the second derivative of the tensor in terms of the curvature tensor, generalizing a...
