A comprehensive tribal-level classification for the world's subfamilies of Hesperiidae, the skipper butterflies, is proposed for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships between tribes and subfamilies are inferred using DNA sequence data from three gene regions: 943 bp of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) (in the mitochondrial genome), 739 bp of...
E. coli thioredoxin (TRX) was modified by the episulfonium ion derived from S-(2-chloroethyl)glutathione (CEG) or S-(2-chloroethyl)cysteine (CEC). The alkylation site was located at Cys-32, which was confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. Two forms of native TRX, Oxi- and Red-TRX, and two modified TRXs, GS- and Cys-TRX, were examined by hydrogen/deuterium...
Recombinant human macrophage colony stimulating factor beta (rhm-CSFβ) is a glycoprotein that stimulates the proliferation, differentiation and survival of cells belonging to the monocyte-macrophage lineage. It contains nine inter-subunit and intra-subunit disulfide bonds and represents an excellent model system for studying disulfide bond formation during protein folding because the assembly...
Water availability is a critical limiting element in semi-arid ecosystem productivity and presents particular challenges in Sahelian countries such as Senegal. The landscapes are characterized by the presence of two common semi-arid shrubs (Piliostigma reticulatum and Guiera senegalensis), both of which may be important hydraulic regulators in these water-limited ecosystems....
The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge base and instructional
practices of two highly qualified experienced secondary mathematics teachers within
the context of their classrooms during a unit in a geometry class. Data collected from
interviews, classroom observations, pre and post-observation questionnaires, and
detailed analyses of several...
The purpose of this study was to develop a profile
of Christian College physical education faculty members
regarding their academic preparation, professional
experience, and selected duties, as well as to identify
important components of graduate preparation at the
doctoral level for future faculty at these
institutions.
A survey instrument was...
Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, causal agent of tan spot of wheat, produces multiple
host-selective toxins (HSTs), including Ptr ToxA, encoded for by ToxA, Ptr ToxB,
encoded for by ToxB, and Ptr ToxC. Variable distribution of these three HSTs among
different isolates of P. tritici-repentis, both singularly and in all possible combinations,
defines...
The era of "customer satisfaction" brings students to colleges who are increasingly identifying themselves as customers. Competition among a growing number of institutions and learning organizations is sharpening the desire of institutions to deliver high quality service in order to attract and retain students. Some examples of interactions where service...
The purpose of this study was to describe and record the experiences of people of color in a community leadership development program. Selected people of color were asked to describe their experiences as participants in the American Leadership program in Tacoma-Pierce County in the State of Washington. The American Leadership...
This study co-investigated with students with hidden disabilities the phenomenon of disability identity. This qualitative study utilized phenomenology and strategies proposed by Paulo Freire in an effort to understand identity development specific to individuals with hidden disabilities. There were seven students from a medium-sized, public university who participated in the...
Community colleges are being pressured to increase their direct support of the economic development agendas of their communities, their states, and even the nation. These pressures develop both externally and internally, and are exacerbated when increased demands for access to community college education must be met with chronically flat-lined or...
Five student-researchers and the author engaged in
a continually-evolving, student-driven qualitative
research study. Despite significant disadvantages,
including navigating a. foreign culture without speaking
the language, these invulnerable learners succeeded.
Ultimately of greatest interest to the six were an
analysis of their collective knowledge and experiences,
and their individual transformation over...
The purpose of this study was to determine the level of awareness and use of
selected universal design features and products in single-family housing by Oregon
housing contractors. Also researched were barriers and incentives to use as well as
the position and opinions of these housing contractors on the viability...
Development of efficient methods for the destruction of solid wastes and recovery of valuable resources is needed to support long-duration manned missions in space. In particular, these technologies are required for deployment in hypogravity and microgravity environments, such as at the lunar or Martian surfaces. Gradient Magnetically Assisted Fluidized Bed...
The miniaturization of energy, chemical and biological systems for distributed and portable applications, known as process intensification, is realized by the enhancement in heat and mass transfer performance within high surface-to-volume ratio microchannels. Fabrication of devices for process intensification is achieved in part by microlamination techniques. These techniques consist of...
The Mount Fubilan Intrusion is part of a geologically young hypabyssal stock in the Star Mountains of Papua New Guinea. This stock was mapped as the Ok Tedi Intrusive Complex and divided into four separate bodies: the Mount Fubilan, Sydney Intrusion, Kalgoorlie, and Ningi Intrusions. Hydrothermal fluids caused alteration of...
A pilot scale demonstration of a biological permeable barrier was conducted in a pentachlorophenol-contaminated aquifer at a wood preserving facility. A permeable reactor was constructed to fit within a
large diameter well. Arranged in series, a cylindrical reactor 24" x 36" (0.61 x 0.91m) (diameter x height)
was partitioned to...
We used recent phenomenological form factors to calculate the effect of on-shell
two-pion exchange in nucleon-nucleon scattering below the two-pion production
threshold. As expected, the contributions of partial wave amplitudes are all negligible.
We also noticed that the relativistic spin-operator decomposition of the
scattering amplitude is not unique at certain...
Purpose: The Purpose of this research was to design, implement and evaluate a patient centered asthma intervention pilot program directed by physicians and administered by community pharmacists to a group of Managed Care contracted Oregon Health Plan asthmatics. The evaluation was to determine if the proposed intervention could improve the...
This study described how and why a Korean elementary teacher taught mathematics as he did. Specifically, the study sought to describe his beliefs about the teaching and learning of mathematics and relate them to patterns of classroom interaction and norms.
An ethnographic inquiry guided the study of one third grade...
Monitoring wildlife habitats has become important to forest ecosystem management because it provides valuable information about the response of forests and their species to harvest practices, impacts from recreational use, conservation efforts, and natural and human-caused disturbances. Monitoring is a complex task that requires a variety of abiotic and biotic...
Changes in the federal farm program, in rainfall pattern and quantity, and
increased incidence of herbicide resistant weeds and diseases have generated
increased interest in spring grains in the Pacific Northwest. However, spring grains
have traditionally been treated as minor crops in this region, thus little research has
been done...
Reported here is an investigation to determine if azinphos-methyl (AZM), an
organophosphate insecticide, adducts to hemoglobin, and if so, whether the
hemoglobin adduct could be used as a quantitative marker of occupational AZM
exposure. We hypothesized that AZM, or a metabolite of AZM, binds to hemoglobin
in erythrocytes forming an...
Many Hymenoptera, with their painful stings and noxious chemical defenses, exhibit bright aposematic warning color patterns and are the most frequently mimicked group of organisms. Such aposematic color patterns are found in parasitic wasps of the Neotropical Compsobracon group (Braconidae). Many members of this group exhibit color patterns similar to...
This thesis contains two essays that use state-of-the-art econometric methods to estimate the implicit prices of various housing and vehicle attributes in hedonic price analysis. The additive nonparametric regression proposed by Hastie and Tibshirani (1990) is applied to capture a series of nonlinearities relating prices to their attributes that cannot...
The electron, gamma and neutron radiation degradation of III-V semiconductors
and heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) is investigated in this thesis.
Particular attention is paid to InP and InGaAs materials and InP/InGaAs
abrupt single HBTs (SHBTs). Complete process sequences for fabrication of
InP/InGaAs HBTs are developed and subsequently employed to produce...
The first asymmetric synthesis of (-)-7-epicylindrospermopsin via intramolecular nitrone cycloaddition is described. The synthesis utilized a convergent approach to prepare the cycloaddition precursor 176, which was assembled by condensation of hydroxylamine 175 with aldehyde 145. Hydroxylamine 175 was synthesized from ethylene glycol (166) in seven steps. Aldehyde 145 was completed...
Most metal ions have negative impacts on pulp mill operations. The concentrations of metal ions on pulp fibers and in washwaters rise significantly with increased wastewater recycling. The development of technology to remove these metal ions requires an understanding of how metal ions are bound to pulp components. It is...
Inferences regarding the biology of extinct taxa are often founded primarily
on cladistically-based phylogenetic hypotheses. However, these inferences are
frequently inconsistent with the morphology and physiology of modern animals. I
suggest that reference to the biology of modern animals might be a more
appropriate tool to aid in the reconstruction...
Acetaminophen has been safely used for analgesia for many years.
Literature suggests that a plasma acetaminophen level of 5μg/ml is necessary to
maintain analgesic relief in humans. Current dosing regiments are inconvenient (every
4-6 hours) and do not maintain this minimum plasma level. Simulations were
conducted to examine various doses...
The addition of exogenously supplied hydrogen stimulates PCP reductive
dechlorination and increases bacterial growth. While research focuses mainly on
pure cultures, few exist capable of aryl reductive dechlorination, and few markers
exist to identify reductively dechlorinating bacteria within mixed cultures.
Furthermore, most active bioremediation projects stimulate mixed cultures of native...
The purpose of the study was to investigate students' learning of the function concept and the role of the graphing calculator in a College Algebra course. Differences between students with high symbolic manipulation skills. and students with low symbolic manipulation skills were also examined. On the basis of an algebraic...
Herein, a program of research is detailed related to transport through the Si metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) quantum dots fabricated in a process flow compatible with modern ULSI (ultra large scale integrated circuit). Silicon quantum dots were fabricated by placing split gates within a MOSFET structure. Quantum dots of several...
Biomass burning associated with deforestation and land use in the Amazon, greatly contributes to emissions as well as depletion of elemental pools. We identified deforestation and pasture formation and quantified resultant burning emissions and terrestrial aboveground elemental pool losses during a period of early colonization in the vicinity of Jamari,...
Exposure to TCDD suppresses the generation of immune responses through unknown mechanisms. Interestingly, TCDD enhances inflammatory responses to various stimuli. The goal of the studies presented in this thesis was to examine the role of hyperinflammation in TCDD-induced immunotoxicity. Previously we observed an increase in Mac-1⁺ cells in the spleen...
Isolated injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is less frequent and typically perceived as less severe than ACL injuries with concurrent damage to other knee stabilizing structures. The timing of the ACL reconstructive surgery is thought to be a
critical factor that affects the patient's postoperative outcome. No previous...
Environmental monitoring poses two challenges to statistical analysis: complex data and complex survey designs. Monitoring for system health involves measuring physical, chemical, and biological properties that have complex relations. Exploring these relations is an integral part of understanding how systems are changing under stress. How does one explore high dimensional...
The 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill was a major perturbation of nearshore habitats of Prince William Sound, a wintering area for harlequin ducks (Histrionicus histrionicus). This research was designed to evaluate harlequin duck population recovery from the oil spill from 1995 to 1998, using a demographic approach to assess both...
In spite of wide spread adoption of the internet technology in teaching and learning, little research exists on the use and the effect of web incorporation in teaching and learning. Immediate clarification of how, when, and for whom the web integration in education is beneficial is needed. This qualitative study...
Uncontrolled direct fire rockets exhibit high impact point dispersion, even at relatively short range, and as such have been employed as area weapons on the battlefield. In order to reduce the dispersion of a direct fire rocket, feedback control is employed to fire short-duration solid rocket pulses mounted near the...
DSA (Diffusion Synthetic Acceleration) has been developed to accelerate the SN transport iteration. We have developed solution techniques for the diffusion equations of FLBLD (Fully Lumped Bilinear Discontinuous), SCB (Simple Corner Balance) and UCB (Upstream Corner Balance) modified 4-step DSA in x-y geometry. Our first multi-level method includes a block...
This dissertation addresses two topics on market imperfections. First, chapter
2 presents a theoretical model that focuses on problems associated with informational
asymmetry. The model presents a dynamic signaling game between a monopolist
manufacturer and a monopolist retailer, where demand is uncertain and only the
retailer is privately informed. This...
Remote sensing is the most practical way to acquire large amounts of land cover data for monitoring and understanding environmental change, so it is important to be able to map land cover from imagery. Maps defining land cover patches as polygons rather than pixels greatly improve processing efficiency in models...
Previous research has shown a gap between chemistry students' conceptual
and computational understandings of chemistry topics such as gas laws,
equilibrium, and reactions. This qualitative study examined the conceptual and
computational understandings of stoichiometry of college students enrolled in a
large lecture Introductory Chemistry course. Factors that might influence students'...
Sex differentiation in fish is a labile process that allows sex inversion in several species. The inherent capacity of fish germ cells to differentiate into oocytes or spermatocytes constitutes a key factor allowing for functional sex inversion. This thesis set out to determine the mechanism involved in steroid-induced sex differentiation...
Teams are an integral part of organizations today. This research explored the relationships between nine organizational context variables, team processes, and three measures of team effectiveness. The research was conducted within one business unit
of a Fortune 50, high-technology company, Intact production and engineering work teams from manufacturing organizations were...
DNA four-way junctions (also known as Holliday junctions) are the primary structural intermediate during recombination, an important process responsible for biological evolution and maintenance of genomes. These junctions arise from the assembly of four nucleic acid strands to produce double-helical regions extending from a central point. Although much progress has...
Preservice teachers' beliefs and values develop due to their long "apprenticeship of observation" (Lortie, 1975) and often filter their teacher education experiences (Feiman-Nemser & Buchman, 1986; Pajares, 1992). Case methods may be one curricular tool by which to instill change in preservice teachers' beliefs and values. This study investigated the...
The effects of oligoribonucleotides of identical or similar sequences to a
ribosomal protein binding site, specifically S8, on prokaryotic 30S ribosomal assembly
were investigated in Escherichia coli. The oligoribonucleotides were expected to bind to
the target protein S8 and block its incorporation into the 30S subunit, resulting in a nonfunctional...
This study describes the historical development of the Associate Degree Nursing Program at Portland Community College by women faculty leaders in a male-dominated organization. In-depth interviews of eleven participants were transcribed and analyzed. The participants gave a very rich description of this nursing programthus describing its culture. Six themes were...
A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a targeted intervention for community control of Ascariasis was carried out in three rural communities near Quito, Ecuador. Targeted treatment with Paico (Chenopodium ambrosioides) and Albendazole (ABZ) was applied to children aged 5 to 15 years attending primary local schools in Aglla, Checa and Iguinaro. Prevalence...
The Quotient Method (QM) is used by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) in ecological risk assessments of pesticides for nontarget organisms. The QM requires several assumptions regarding exposure and hazards of pesticides to wildlife; several of these assumptions have not been tested. During 1997-99, I conducted three experiments...
The marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula has proven to be extraordinarily rich in bioactive secondary metabolites. This dissertation describes the chemistry of L. majuscula collected from Grenada, Fiji and Papua New Guinea, and the biosyntheses of two L. majuscula metabolites, curacin A and barbamide.
The chemical studies with a Grenada collection...
This dissertation describes the epiphyte communities on tall shrubs in forests of
western Oregon, with a focus on potential effects of management practices on these
communities. Shrubs and other hardwoods have recently gained recognition as
hotspots of diversity for epiphytes in young conifer forests of the region. Yet little is...
The aim of the first manuscript was to examine CHD risk in women with MS by
assessing the frequency of physical inactivity and the frequency of anthropometric,
dietary, and metabolic CHD risk factors. Although participation in physical activity is
often avoided by many women with MS, some women remain physically...
Low bone mineral density (BMD) and poor stability both contribute to
increased risk of fractures associated with a fall. The aim of this dissertation was
two-fold. The first study, a cross-sectional analysis, sought to determine the
anthropometric and/or performance variables that best predicted BMD and postural
stability in mature, premenopausal...
The purpose of this study was to analyze the individual reasoning of
24 adults as they made decisions for two communities regarding municipal
wastewater treatment. The two western Oregon communities were both
responding to notices from governmental agencies of higher environmental
standards for the purification of wastewater before it could...
The giant hairy desert scorpion, Hadrurus arizonensis, is a long-lived species
of North American scorpion that is presented here as an important model for research
in mating systems evolution and sexual selection. Many behaviors found in this
species were undocumented and are described here for the first time. This thesis...
The purpose of this study was to understand how adult learners in an online teacher licensure program selected and used learning strategies, transformed existing strategies or developed new strategies. Also examined was whether the environment itself facilitated or impeded usage of transformed strategies, or development of new strategies. Participants in...
Evidence exists that links a sedentary lifestyle with the emergence of chronic
diseases during adulthood. Reports indicate that many children and adolescents already
have risk factors for chronic diseases and the prevalence of obesity among children is at
an all time high. There are concerns that children may not be...
The adoption and increasing uses of the Internet in higher education
in many parts of the world have resulted in fundamental changes in
academic cultures. The transfer of information is essential to academic
life, and the Internet offers faster and easier access to information and
communication between people than ever...
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), the most abundant metabolite of glucobrassicins, is
found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage and
cauliflower. I3C has been shown to have anticarcinogenic activity against many
chemical carcinogens in multiple target organs in animal models. However, the
anticarcinogenic activity of I3C is considered indirect since...
Two types of temporary poois, known as playas, occur in semiarid southeast Oregon. Vegetated upland playas are found in the High Lava Plain province; barren alkaline-saline playas are found in the Basin and Range province. Both types become ponded in most years, but they often lack redoximorphic features indicative of...
In recent years, the elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECC) have received attention
due to their increased security with smaller key size which brings the advantage of less
storage area and less bandwidth. Elliptic curve cryptography provides a methodology
for obtaining high-speed, efficient, and scalable implementations of network security
protocols. In addition...
The treatment of certain types of cancers brings with it serious physiological and
psychological side effects in cancer survivors, including: decreased aerobic capacity,
muscle wasting, body composition changes, fatigue, and a diminished overall quality of
life. Exercise may directly influence the physiological side effects of cancer and cancer
treatment, and...
The challenges prompted by miniaturization of chromatographic systems have led scientists to explore new avenues in the synthesis of stationary phases. Packed capillary columns have found limited application in routine analysis due to a number of technical difficulties, most of which are attributable to the frits. New column designs insure...
This qualitative study explored the life experiences of a small group of
Yemeni women who are academically successful and identified factors perceived by this group to have played a major role in their academic success. One of the key objectives was to gain a better understanding of the processes which...
¹¹¹In/Cd perturbed angular correlation (PAC) gamma spectroscopy was used to
study the point defect thermodynamics of tetragonal zirconia (t-zirconia).
PAC can be used to measure, among other things, oxygen vacancy defect
concentrations in t-zirconia. Higher than expected concentrations of oxygen vacancies in
undoped samples were found using PAC. It was...
The present study examined the process by which couples, in the context
of a heterosexual romantic relationship, participate in sexual activity. As they did
so, their interactions helped to construct their relationship. Social construction
theory and the gender perspective provided the theoretical foundation for this
qualitative research.
Nine heterosexual couples...
The acute phase response (APR) includes an early response of the innate immune
system to an inflammatory agent. Acute phase proteins (APP) are produced at
increased rates in the liver during this response. The APR has been well
characterized in mammals, but it is unclear to what degree teleosts mount...
With increasing operating frequencies in CMOS RF/microwave integrated circuits,
the performance of on-chip interconnects is becoming significantly affected by the lossy
substrate. It is the purpose of the first part of this thesis to develop a rigorous field
theoretic analysis approach for efficient characterization of single and multiple coupled
interconnects...
Community colleges are in a strategic position to meet the growing demands for educating a population that is in a dynamic state of change, a population that is becoming more diverse with each passing year. A diverse population and other critical issues have created a new challenge for community colleges....
Contaminant transport in ground water is an important environmental process that
affects a host of natural systems. Transport of contaminants is affected by many
processes, including aqueous complexation, adsorption, and redox reactions. One of the
most important components of an aquifer that controls transport is iron-oxide. In this
study, the...
This research was initiated to investigate a high
mortality problem occurring in market age broiler
chickens in Oregon. Initial field investigations
revealed that mortality was due to the systemic bacterial
infections. The subsequent laboratory experiments
suggested that suppressed short-term, non-specific innate
immunity rather than pathogenic properties of bacteria
caused the...
This thesis is an account of my investigation on the natural products deriving from various marine algae and has resulted in the discovery of thirteen novel bioactive metabolites. Isolation and characterization of these unique molecules were carried out using different chromatographic techniques and by careful analyses of 1D and 2D...
Streptococcus gordonii (S. gordonii) is being developed as a Gram-positive
expression vector for the expression of heterologous proteins. This bacterial
expression system takes advantage of the natural pathway of protein export and
anchoring on the surface of the bacterium. The expression of heterologous proteins
relies on the homologous recombination of...
Liquid surfaces are very abundant in nature. Despite the importance of the liquid
interface in general, experimental molecular-level data was almost completely lacking
prior to the last decade and a half. The intent of this work is to provide a means by
which experimental data on the composition of liquid...
Predator-prey interactions have historically been studied to explain patterns of organization observed in populations and communities. They have also been important in understanding the evolution of antipredator responses in prey and counterstrategies in predators. Despite the breadth of knowledge that exists for heterospecific interactions, relatively few studies have investigated the...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of youth
gang awareness training on school personnel. Middle and high school level
teachers, counselors, and school administrators in a rural Oregon school
district were the focus of this study.
Six specially designed modules were created by the researcher and...
The Pacific Northwest (PNW) is an important region for winter wheat
production in the USA, where water deficits are often present at sowing and during
grain filling. Consequently, improving the genetic adaptation of wheat cultivars to
drought stress represents one of the main objectives in breeding programs. An
observed biochemical...
Processes of metamorphosis, settlement, and growth were examined in Pacific sanddab
using field studies and otolith microstructure. This flatfish transforms at large sizes, has a
gradual metamorphosis, and settles to a nursery on the middle continental shelf. Eye migration
takes 3 months and "metamorphosis proper" which begins after completion of...
The primary focus of this work is on examining structure-property relationships of interest for high-power nonlinear optical and laser crystals. An intuitive and simply illustrated method for assessing the nonlinear optical potential of structurally characterized noncentrosymmetric materials is introduced. This method is applied to materials including common quartz and tourmaline...
The major purpose of this research was to characterize partially degraded proteins
appearing in the ocular lens during aging and cataract, and to identify the responsible
proteolytic activities. This research is significant, because increased protein
degradation is associated with lens opacification and cataract. Determining the sites
where lens proteins become...
This qualitative study investigated the sibling relationship as it was described through the voices of the children. Ten sibling dyads (brother-sister or brother-brother) involved in family treatment following the discovery of sibling incest were interviewed. Participants in this study were participants in an outpatient clinic in the Northwest during the...
The High Lava Plains province (HLP) of southeastern Oregon is a Miocene to Recent volcanic upland characterized by widespread basaltic volcanism and west-migrating rhyolitic volcanism. New ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar ages for HLP rhyolites demonstrate that the trend of migrating rhyolitic volcanism is robust, reflecting westward migration at a rate of -35 km/m.y....
In this dissertation, we describe a spectroscopic study of metal clusters and metal-ligand complexes using pulsed field ionization zero kinetic energy (PFI-ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy and mass analyzed threshold ionization (MATI) spectroscopy. Vibrational resolved spectra of sodium dimer, Na•NH₃, Na•(NH₃)₂ are presented. These spectra provide a direct measurement of the ionization...