Lake Victoria is the worlds' second largest and Africa's largest fresh water body and shared by Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. The Nile perch was introduced to Lake Victoria in the 1950s and experienced explosive population growth in the 1970s. Since the 1990s landings have been above or about 500 000...
In the study of a geographically aggregated market, the choice of a representative household leads to consider the
whole territory as a single, homogeneous one. However, there are reasons to believe that regional preference differences do
exist when there are important cultural and climatic differences among regions, and, historically, most...
In order to provide a rationale and mechanism for implementing responsible fisheries in practice, this paper examines the effect of establishing Regional Fishery Management Organisation (RFMO) with effective enforcement on cooperative possibilities in shared fisheries. The result shows that an increase in cooperation level is a social welfare improvement, and...
Tuna fisheries provides an important source of income, foreign exchange and employment for many Pacific Island States. It is also seen as a major avenue for industrial development by most Pacific Island States. The Law of the Sea Convention, while recognising the rights of coastal States to manage and develop...
The question of how to discipline fisheries subsidies is a major issue at the forefront of the international fisheries policy agenda. The negotiations underway at the WTO to clarify disciplines on fisheries subsidies, and the call in the WSSD Plan of Implementation to eliminate subsides that contribute to illegal, unreported...
Le but de cette communication est de démontrer que le recrutement et le membership au sein d'unités de production qui se consacrent à la pêche côtière ne sont pas uniquement conditionnés par des modifications dans la technologie. Ils s'insèrent aussi dans des chartes cognitives et sociales qui, en plus d'intégrer...
This paper presents qualitative results from interviews with knowledge workers about their recovery strategies after interruptions. Special focus is given to when these strategies fail due to the nature of the interruption and existing computer support. Potential solutions offered by participants to overcome some of these problems are presented. These...
In this paper, we study recovering processes for fisheries facing crisis or over-exploitation of a marine renewable
resource. We examine how to restore resource stocks and modify the economic characteristics of the fleet in order to
put on a sustainable exploitation system, near of some maximal standard as the Maximum...
ICES – the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea – was founded more than a century ago out of
concern for overfishing. However, today’s global marine ecosystems are for the most part in a degraded state, many
alarmingly so. Why is the science used so little to make...
The intermediate market for raw fish is characterized by time and space considerations that create significant
quasi-rents between the fisher and the initial processor(s) approached to complete an exchange. This “temporal specificity”
is more pronounced the fewer the number of alternative potential buyers, the more perishable the catch and the...
As the stock of marine resources are showing declining trends, the marine fisheries development policy in Thailand has focused on the conservation and sustainable utilization of resources. Many projects for coastal resource management have been planned and implemented during the recent decades. The purpose of this study is to define...
Coastal Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) are known
to spawn in the southern California Bight from January
to March, migrate north during late spring and summer
to feed off Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia,
and then move back to southern California in the fall.
Juvenile Pacific hake nursery areas have been...
La réalisation d'une zone d'éco-aménagement située entre Bouskour et Cala Iris se justifie par le fait que les communautés de pêcheurs et autres communautés vivant des ressources maritimes subissent un profond traumatisme car les stocks biologiques de la zone sont de moins en moins capables de les faire vivre. L'objectif...
The year 1990 saw the introduction of individual transferable quota rights to the NZ rock lobster fishery. This paper presents an analysis of the evolution of profitability in five different quota management areas over the period 1990-2001. The bio-economic model of an optimal fishery provides the basis for econometric analysis....
Vertical mergers are mostly perceived in the literature as a way of reducing production and transaction costs.
However, vertical restrictions or raising rivals’ costs (RRC) are taken into great consideration by the antitrust authorities as
potential consequences of vertical integration. The case of the French tuna industry seems of particular...
Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) supports a valuable commercial fishery along the Pacific coast of North America. In recent decades the fishery has intensified significantly, with most crab landed during the first six weeks of the seven-month season. Management approaches to slow this intensifying and dangerous race have been elusive. This...
Individual fishing quota programs are increasingly being used to establish property rights in commercial fisheries in the U.S. These programs are intended to promote resource conservation while improving economic efficiency. However, these rationalization programs are often criticized for their distributional consequences. In the Gulf of Alaska halibut fishery, there is...
Within the French fish farming sector, both in the freshwater sector (trout, carps) and in the marine sector (seabass, seabream, turbot), during the last years have emerged a number of quality schemes. These quality schemes show various forms (national charters with third part certification, standard, official quality labels, private certification,...
Generic Quality Assurance Schemes referred to as Schemes, have been established in the primary industries in many countries. They represent an important part of the generic marketing for different categories of foodstuffs, especially primary produce. Such Schemes are established due to, among other things, severe competition in the international food...
There has been a long-standing interest in local knowledge in fisheries research and management. Much of this interest has been in terms of how local knowledge can be interpreted scientifically and used by fisheries experts and managers. Local knowledge becomes the property of scientists, wrapped up in a format and...
Capture fisheries is a primary employment for inhabitants of coastal and inland aquatic ecosystems globally. However, historically, aquaculture has been well documented as an economic activity in Southeast Asia. Coastal marine fisheries and freshwater inland waters provided employment for inhabitants of these ecosystems in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Aquaculture was started...
We study the combined effects of periodically varying carrying capacity and survival rates on the fish population in the ocean (sea). We introduce a new delay differential equation model with a control parameter which describes how fish are harvested.
We consider a predation function as the function of the delayed...
This paper addresses cost-sensitive classification in the setting where there are costs for measuring each attribute as well as costs for misclassification errors. We show how to formulate this as a Markov Decision Process in which the transition model is learned from the training data. Specifically we assume a set...
In recent years there have been increasing concerns that fishing activities might degrade the ability of the environment to support the long-term biological productivity of exploited fish stocks. Fishing gear that contacts the bottom may disturb the seafloor and the benthic organisms dwelling therein. The disturbance, in turn, may reduce...
Kattudel or stake net fishery is an ancient (from early 1950s) lagoon fishing technique in many regions of Sri Lanka. It drags special attention due to the absence of open access nature. The fishery is regulated by kattudel association stemming from the Catholic Church. In fact, the fishery has its...
Approximately 90 per cent of total catches in northern Sulawesi are pelagic fishes. About two-third of them are large pelagic fish, such as tunas (Katsuwonus, Thunnus, Euthynnus). However the National Assessment Stock Commission reported that availability of the large pelagic fishes in Sulawesi and Maluku Sea is just about one-third...
Summary: Four proposed metrics:
[1] average relative reduction in training time (sample size, number of training experiences)
[2] jumpstart (initial advantage of transfer algorithm)
[3] handicap (how long it takes the no-transfer algorithm to overcome the jumpstart)
[4] asymptotic advantage (how much better the transfer learning algorithm does in the...
The coastal management project mainly emphasizes on the taking part of the community regarding the coastal management. But due to the decreasing income of fishery households resulted from resource depletion and limitation of finding the additional income of the fishermen, advocating co-management is not enough to aid fishermen and community...
The natural market selection of the Italian aquaculture farms, mainly happened in the years' 90, need to determine and check their strength and weakness points: this will be capable either to modulate the managerial strategies in function of market trend and set up entry barriers. The study has been carried...
Nigerian aquaculture industry is fairly well developed and ranks second in Africa. It has low production levels compared with the country's aquaculture production potentials. Aquaculture production in 2001 was 47,000 tonnes contributing 9.92% of total fisheries production. If aquaculture production is to play its expected role in economic development of...
To empirically study production structure and the capacity level at which vessels are harvesting, a short-run
translog cost function is estimated. From the estimated parameters, two capacity utilisation measures
are calculated (returns to scale and a dual capacity utilisation measure). Empirical results show that there
is no excess capacity in...
The processing of facial emotion is important for social situations. Research has shown that the presence of emotionally threat-relevant stimuli (i.e., angry and fearful faces) enhances the processing of subsequent non-emotional stimuli. In these studies, the emotional stimuli were typically presented at the focused attention. Thus, it is not clear...
This white paper investigates methods to conduct effective and efficient process development within the context of the NSF funded construction of the Ocean Observatory Facility.
The basis of this process development investigation was the CGSN Sensor Life Cycle project. During the course of this project the sensor life process was...
Japan imported 35.44 million tons of fishery products in 2000, about 5 times more than in 1975, when imports overtook exports. This increase over the past 25 years is due to the following factors. On the demand side: 1) Increased imports of fodder driven by growth in domestic fish culture;...
In this paper, we examine the problems inherent in the export-oriented tuna industry taking the Philippines and Indonesia as examples. Although problems are reduced to the depletion of or possible depletion of tuna resources, we intend to clarify the industry structure that may have led to such local depletion. Though...
The extent to which demand and supply shocks are transmitted in the value chain is an important topic. As many value chains cross international borders exchange rate pass through is an important element in this context. In this paper a multivariate system that allow us to test different hypothesis with...
The Spanish market is the most important market for hake and hake has been for many years the demersal fish most captured in Spain. To the traditional product differentiation due to size, gear and presentation form (fresh, frozen and frozen fillets), a new differentiation can be performed regarding the hake...
The prices of Finnish salmon and aquacultured rainbow trout have dropped to a new all-time low in 1995. The price, in real terms, the fishers were paid for domestic salmon in the beginning of the 90's was only one fourth of what it had been in 1980. This price decline...
In this paper we use cointegration analysis and the Law of One Price to test for proportionality between hake prices at
different stages along the value chain in the French hake market. Cointegration analysis is an appropriate means of testing for
price proportionality when price series are non-stationary, as was...
This paper considers the modelling of aggregate price and quantity of aquaculture production in
the European countries since mid-80s. In general, the evolution of aquaculture production only
considers the evolution of total value and total weight. The heterogeneity of aquaculture
production is neglected. As a consequence, the unit value ('price')...
INCOFISH is an acronym for "Integrating Multiple Demands on Coastal Zones with Emphasis on Aquatic ecosystems and Fisheries". In the scope of the EC funded INCOFISH project 35 partners from 22 countries worldwide are conducting specifically targeted strategic research towards reconciling multiple demands on coastal zones with special emphasis on...
Over exploitation of the coastal fisheries resources in Southeast Asia region is the cause of many problems either conflict among the fishermen or depletion of the coastal environment. In order to find out the way to solve those problems, Set-Net fishing was proposed to be used as a kind of...
In 2004, United States (U.S.) shrimp landings comprised 11% of shrimp available to the domestic market. Asian and
South America shrimp imports to the U.S. began reaching record levels in 2001, following European Union tariffs
on Asian shrimp. The increased import supply resulted in drastic decline of ex-vessel and wholesale...
The New Zealand Ministry of Fisheries recently set out a strategic approach to managing the adverse effects of fishing on the aquatic environment. The primary purpose of this Strategy for Managing the Environmental Effects of Fishing (SMEEF) is to set out how the Ministry of Fisheries will meet its environmental...
The South China Sea separates East Malaysia from Peninsular Malaysia that is consisted of two big states; Sarawak and Sabah. The marine resources of peninsular Malaysia have been adequately explored in last few decades whereas East Malaysian marine fisheries resources are still potential to be explored. The fisheries sector of...
A post-tsunami economic analysis of cage culture along the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand was carried out in five provinces (Ranong, Phang-nga, Krabi, Trang and Satun) from September 2007 to February 2008. Two of the culture species normally raised in this area include sea bass (Lates calcarifer) and grouper (Epinephelus...
Fisheries economists and fishery scientists have forcefully argued that access to fisheries has to be restricted so as to increase stock size, harvest and/or profitability compared to what would be the results of free access. Fisheries economists have pointed out that management by Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs for short) fare...
Society has agreed on the goal of sustainable fisheries but achieving the goal is often submerged by more
immediate national and international demands causing fisheries to slip down the political agenda or diverting attention to other fisheries issues, e.g., profitability under high fuel prices. Among the problems
challenging marine capture...
Growth parameters and mortality of the tigertooth croaker (Otolithes ruber) were estimated from length
frequency data collected during trawl surveys in the Persian Gulf (Bushehr waters) from 1997-1998. LFDA and
FiSAT Programs were used for data analyses. Growth parameters were estimated as L∞ = 58 cm and K = 0.8...
Highly migratory fish stocks in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean are an important source of income
for those Pacific island nations through whose economic zones the stocks pass, and for distant water
fishing nations that target the stocks. Although the tropical stocks have been regarded in the past as...
Responsibility for management of fisheries resources in waters off Queensland, Australia is vested largely
in the Queensland Government, under the Offshore Constitutional Settlement agreed between the federal
and state governments. These Queensland-managed fisheries include lucrative prawn fisheries and reef
and coastal finfish fisheries off the east coast of Queensland and...
The Virginia Fishery Resource Grant Program funded a two year grow-out trial to assess the
feasibility and economic activity associated with proposed introduction of non-native oysters in
Virginia's Chesapeake Bay waters. This paper summarizes the results of the trials which were
conducted to address two main objectives: determine the economic...
The Department of Administrative Services (DAS) and Oregon State University (OSU) are collaborating to develop an orthoimagery portal application to allow for the distribution of digital aerial imagery for the State of Oregon. The near-term objective of this project is to develop an Imagery Portal that serves the
2005 half-meter...
The inability to find a solution – acceptable to sufficient stakeholders to achieve political agreement - to effectively adjust fisheries resources management systems and sector policies lies at the heart of most overexploitation tragedies. For developing countries the application of a technological approach - focusing on rights, maximizing single, economic...
The objectives of the study are to clarify the participation of coastal communities on coastal resources and environmental management in Chang Islands. The individual interview technique with structural questionnaire was used as the tool for data collection. The samples include fishers, aquaculturists, employees, traders, tour operators and government officials. Two...
Comme dans la plupart des pêcheries, certaines questions relatives à l'allocation des moyens d'exploitation (moyens compris au sens large, englobant l'accès à la ressource biologique, les moyens financiers, les structures, etc.) se posent aux pêcheries démersales Mauritaniennes: ici, les problèmes d'allocation s'expriment, en particulier entre armements industriels et artisanaux d'une...
Les changements intervenus dans le secteur des pêches au cours des deux dernières décennies rendent nécessaires une réévaluation de la validité des approches conventionnelles du développement et de l'aménagement des pêches. En effet, de nombreux projets de développement continuent à insister sur l'utilisation de bateaux et d'engins de pêche améliorés,...
Participatory Fisheries Management (PFM) was introduced in fisheries management in Malawi in 1993 with Lake Malombe as a pilot site. After almost 10 years of implementation, the program has registered some positive achievements however some problems have surfaced that need to be addressed. Although the Fisheries Act was revised in...
In the 2002 CFP Reform, a potentially significant change that took place involved tentative steps toward increasing stakeholder participation if fisheries governance. Participation by the fishing industry (and conservation groups) in the management of fisheries is, in general, a positive thing. However, participation has many different ‘practical definitions,’ i.e. it...
This paper develops an option value model to examine vessel owners in deciding to participate or not in the vessel buyback program. The model accounts for the uncertainty generally involved in a decision to retire an aged vessel and the underlying value of waiting for new information about the profitability...
Tilapia culture in Yucatan State, Mexico, is largely semi-intensive. The producers are mostly poor farmers who receive government subsidies for purchase of fingerlings and balanced feed. Feeding practices are often inadequate (satiety rations), moreover, producers frequently suffer financial and resource shortfalls. During feed shortages producers are known to use empirical...
Game-theoretic fisheries models typically consider cases where some n countries harvest a common fish
stock x. For this common resource they attempt to achieve an agreement that would be beneficial to all
countries. The present paper considers cases where the countries may be involved in several coexisting
agreements. We identify...
Setting aside the traditional simplistic “tragedy of the commons” notion, fisheries crises observed in the Northern Atlantic may be seen as the result of “mismatches” in the decision making process. The collapse of two fisheries, Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) in Canada and European Hake (Merluccius merluccius) in Europe, illustrate the...
The management of the French shellfish industry has been based for a century and a half on a Territorial Use Right in Fisheries (TURF) scheme. This was meant to ensure control over access and use and was seen as a potential remedy for overexploitation. But the resource, i.e. shellfish nutrients,...
During process of seeking methods of advanced fishery management experience to apply into small-scale fishery in Thua Thien Hue – Viet Nam, the author is surprised that some advanced countries also apply similar methods that the traditional fishing village associations (Van Chai) has been managed fishery activities in lagoons in...
Co-management has attracted considerable attention around the world, including in Vietnam. However, debates on the concept of community-based management (CBM), co-management (COM), and community participant management in Vietnam are increasing, and the abundance of projects in Vietnam has now become a major constraint. Although most pilot co-management projects are recorded...
Traditional fisheries management schemes provide fishermen with incentives to maximise their individual share of the catch, while individual vessel quota management schemes change incentives to maximise profits from their individual share of the catch. The way that one models the fishermen’s optimisation problem in empirical studies should reflect the changed...
The rapid growth of aquaculture and concomitant growth in the use of compound aquafeeds have resulted in aquaculture using 35% of global fishmeal and 54% of global fish oil in 2000, up from just 10% and 16% respectively in 1988. Meanwhile, landings of reduction fish have hovered near 30 mmt,...
The market for fish products in Finland has changed markedly since the removal of trade barriers after the country's accession to the EU in 1995. Further the transition from a producer to a consumer-oriented society has created numerous new demands for food products. New dietary trends, such as low fat...
Horticultural and nursery crops are the leading agricultural commodity in Oregon. Among currently grown nursery plants, Verbena x hybrida is a staple ornamental. It is grown and shipped worldwide, thus requiring a high level of certainty concerning the plants’ health and potential viability. V. x hybrida cultivars have been infected...
A bioeconomic model of the Oregon ocean shrimp (Pandalus jordani) fishery was developed to evaluate management policy options for maximizing fishery yield, revenue, and/or net present value using existing regulatory policy approaches. The base model accounts for a multiple cohort seasonal fishery, a count per pound catch composition, and an...
Frozen storage is an integral part of effective food distribution. In general, both food quality retention and storage costs will increase as storage temperatures decrease. In this paper, we develop a model for optimal temperature design for semi-perishable seafood inventory, and apply the model to Pacific Whiting surimi. General results...
The optimal harvesting time in a fish farm is analyzed in the paper. Fish population is assumed to be heterogeneous with respect to weight, so a distributed parameter dynamic model is considered. Theoretical and numerical results are obtained and compared with the ones concerning homogeneous fish cultures only. The results...
Loligo gahi (Patagonian longfin squid) has been the target of a major trawl fishery in the waters around the Falkland Islands since the early 1980s. The catch of this short-lived species can fluctuate markedly due to variation in seasonal recruitment. Ex-vessel prices of loligo are also variable due to international...
It is rarely possible or desirable to maintain a constant target fishing mortality rate for each individual stock in a multispecies fishery. Preventing overfishing of all stocks at all times will often be in conflict with attainment of optimal yield for the fishery. This paper presents a retrospective analysis and...
Key decision variables in aquaculture management are stocking level, feeding schedule, temperature
control and batch length. In many management problems with an infinite planning horizon, the aim is to
find the batch length which results in maximum return if the same batch length applies to all future
batches. This may...
While most bioeconomic models assume that vessel operators use profit maximizing behavior, it is sometimes argued that participants use other operational goals. The purpose of this paper is to compare how vessel behavior, the bioeconomic equilibrium and the path to achieve it are changed if participants use profit goal behavior....
Although there have been a number of studies of
end-user software development tasks, few of them have
considered gender issues for real end-user developers
in real-world environments for end-user programming.
In order to be trusted, the results of such laboratory
studies must always be re-evaluated with fewer controls,
more closely...
It is helpful to keep the stability of aquatic product supply chain and promote higher development of fishery economy to research power structure of aquatic product supply chain. This paper analyzes the power structure of aquatic product supply chain via the behavior theory in marketing discipline, cased study by Beijing...
This paper explores the possibility of using marine reserves to protect stocks subject to bycatch problems. The importance of migration rates and growth rates of both target and bycatch species and costs are analyzed. Pure open access equilibrium harvest of target species and stock level of bycatch species are compared...
In recently years, the finance sector had focused their attention on commerce operation in China.When fisheries farmers decide to increase invent to promote production, they also can't get enough loans because aquaculture is a highest risk sector in agriculture and the commercial banks would prefer others sector in agriculture to...
Abstract: In this project, our goal is to design a flipping algorithm for computing the Voronoi diagram of simple polygons. As preparation towards designing a flipping algorithm, we re-implemented the ear cutting algorithm of using a standard geometric library COAL. This new Implementation is compatible with COAL, We have designed...
This paper discusses some important issues in constructing price indexes. The issues relate to
the choice of an index number formula. Which is a “good” index number formula for aggregating prices?
A variety of alternative index number formulae are explored based on the economic approach and the
axiomatic (test) approach....
The theoretical economic performance of the year 2000 Norwegian fishing fleet in the Barents Sea cod fisheries are studied under different stock biomass levels and age compositions by applying the EconMult fleet model. Quarterly stock conditions during the period 1946-2004 have been investigated as this represent stock conditions which may...
Quality safety traceability system has adopted by most fishery enterprises as an important part of the strategic management. As the consequence, the end product is supposed to be higher. That consumers whether to accept has a direct impact on system successful implementation. This paper proposes a framework to research consumer...
This paper discusses the potential application of implicit discount rates (IDR) derived from Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ) trading data as indicators of fishery bio-economic health. The theoretical background is discussed, and in the context of one New Zealand ITQ fishery we analyze the behavior of IDR over ten years of...
Many fisheries assign observers to vessels as a means of collecting stock data and monitoring regulatory compliance.
Typically, deployment is random and the level of coverage determined in an ad hoc manner. This paper explores optimal
observer coverage and the deployment of observers to vessels from an enforcement perspective. The...
Traditional approaches to fisheries management, which have been singular, species-based and non-sectoral, have failed to protect the world’s fisheries resources. This has resulted in the overexploitation of fish stocks, displacement of fishing fleets and dislocation of fishing communities. The first attempts at international regulation of fisheries were simple, but premised...
In spring time, animals, goats and sheep in particular, prefer to eat flowers Pulsatilla multifida, and Iris tenifolia. Pulsatilla's flower contains sugar 20.33, starch 6.71, cellulose 19.15, lignin 6.50, and acid detergent fibre (ADF) 24.88, neutral detergent fibre (NDF) 32.55, hemicellulose 7.67, and protein 14.27 percent. Dry matter digestibility (DMD),...
Norway is probably among the most obvious beneficiaries of globalisation, mainly because of the rich natural resources, skilled labour, advanced technology products and strong institutions. The fishing industry has been on the forefront in adjusting to new challenges and seeking the potential gains of economic integration, liberalisation and deregulation. The...
The shrimp harvesting sector is the largest component of the Southeastern United States fishing industry, accounting
for 57% of the total value of landings in the region in 1996. U.S. shrimp imports were valued at $2.6 billion in 1996. Together,
domestic production and imports of raw products support a large...
Non-radial measure of technical efficiency of fish farms in Oyo State was examined using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Use of the non-radial measures to calculate overuse of inputs by inefficient fish farmers was demonstrated and the potential for reducing inputs used by improving efficiency was evaluated. Ordinary Least Square (OLS)...
Fishing for the life reef fish has been an important source of economy both at macro level and micro level. At Macro level, life reef fish for food (LRFF) plays a greater role in increasing export revenue since most of the fish are sold in overseas markets such Hong Kong...