A central mechanism by which medicalization occurs is through domain expansion, wherein an existing diagnostic definition widens to include cases beyond its original scope. This has been especially commonplace with respect to mental illness diagnoses. In contrast, there are few clear instances of domain contraction. The controversy surrounding the revisions...
U.S. incarceration rates have soared over the past three decades and the demographic characteristics of those who end up in prison are a reflection of the nation's structural inequality. Incarcerated fathers are a socially disadvantaged group and spending time in prison compounds already significant risk factors that these men experienced...
The purpose of this study was to detail mathematical knowledge that supports the work of teaching proof and to investigate how such knowledge is evidenced in professional development (PD). To advance the construct of mathematical knowledge for teaching (MKT) in the context of proof, I developed a framework of MKT...
Future scenarios of global climate change rely on large-scale climate envelope models that do not account for local climatic conditions to which organisms most closely respond. Shifts in species distributions and phenology driven by climate change are well-documented, yet we lack a strong understanding of how climate change will influence...
The hygiene hypothesis offers an explanation for the correlation, well-established in the industrialized
nations of North and West, between increased hygiene and sanitation, and increased rates of asthma and
allergies. Recent studies have added to the scope of the hypothesis, showing a link between decreased
exposure to certain bacteria and...
Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, have shown recent and rapid declines in abundance. These anadromous fish return to streams where they mature, spawn and die. It has been inferred that Pacific lamprey enter freshwater and reside for ~ 1 year before spawning. This long exposure to the freshwater environment may affect...
Mycobacteriosis is a common disease of laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio). Different infection patterns occur in zebrafish depending on mycobacterial species. Mycobacterium marinum and M. haemophilum produce virulent infections associated with high mortality, whereas M. chelonae is more wide spread and not associated with high mortality. Identification of mycobacterial infections to...
Forests are one of the largest repositories of terrestrial C. Understanding factors that drive organic matter transformations and nutrient efflux from these systems is therefore highly important. Temperate forests are of particular significance due to the large fraction of C that is stored below ground in the soil. Characterizing nutrient...
This essay examines the processes of empowerment within an artisan NGO in Ghana. An empowerment framework focusing on the concepts of ‘agency’, ‘resources’ and ‘achievements’ are examined through interviews with women weavers, batikers and seamstresses. Their narratives reveal that a complex set of structural and cultural inequalities shape women’s specific...
The atomic age was enacted by many scientists as a way to realize health and human rights. Human rights were conceived in this context as rights to economic development, science education, and nuclear medicine. The United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) acted hand in hand with UN agencies and educators...