Revised July 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
To become a 4-H Geologist, you must be interested in the earth, its rocks and land forms, and the natural things in the outdoors. You must agree to attend 4-H meetings, cooperate with your club leader and the other members of your club, and do your best to complete your...
Geology (Geo, Geos = the earth) is a science that deals with the history of the earth and its life as recorded in the rocks. Geology utilizes the principles of physics, chemistry, astronomy, zoology, botany, and others in its studies. There are many specialties or fields of study in geology,...
Ecosystem management has become an increasingly mainstream paradigm for natural
resource management. Nowhere is this more evident than on the public and private forestland
of the Pacific Northwest. While ecosystem management has become a widely
accepted principle of resource management, substantial questions remain about its
implementation. A case in point...
Coarse woody debris (CWD) decomposition in the Russian boreal forests of the southern taiga zone was studied at four sites located near St. Petersburg in Northwestern Russia, Krasnoyarsk in Eastern Siberia, lrkutsk in the Baikal region, and Khabarovsk in the Russian Far East. This study was part of a broader...
The harmonic problem in power systems is gaining more attention as incidences correlated with harmonics increase. Conventional passive filtering techniques for harmonic mitigation have inherent problems, and purely active filters have the disadvantages of higher costs and ratings. Hybrid active filters inherit the efficiency of passive filters and the improved...
Riparian areas are an integral component of fluvial ecosystems. The management of Oregon's riparian areas has come under greater scrutiny since that latest revision of the Oregon Forest Practices Act (1994). Many riparian areas lie within forested areas. Riparian management issues such as anadromous fish population decline and large woody...
In the highly competitive animal protein market, seafood faces increasing pressure to improve and standardize product quality. While there is general consensus that quality can be improved for many seafood products, there is little agreement on the types and levels of characteristics that should define "quality." This is a fundamental...
This project aims at building a Java application and a Java applet that would simulate a Stern-Gerlach laboratory in Quantum Mechanics. The project provides a tool for allowing the student to quickly design and run on the computer screen a number of experiments involving spin systems. This application could be...
A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of a targeted intervention for community control of Ascariasis was carried out in three rural communities near Quito, Ecuador. Targeted treatment with Paico (Chenopodium ambrosioides) and Albendazole (ABZ) was applied to children aged 5 to 15 years attending primary local schools in Aglla, Checa and Iguinaro. Prevalence...
The purpose of this study was to describe the presidential search process at a
newly created community college and to learn how that process reflected the
emerging organizational culture. A single research question guided the inquiry: How
did the presidential search process at a newly created community college reflect the...
Power quality has become an important concern to both electric utilities and
end users due to the increased use of non-linear loads in modem power systems
over the past decade. Nonlinear loads inject harmonics into the power system and
thus may lead to poor power quality and lower power factor....
Literary and feminist theory have recently begun to recognize William Shakespeare's character of Juliet as a possible feminist heroine, but communicating this interpretation on film will be complicated. Not only will the film need to deal with the issues of adaptation that come with moving any play onto film, but...
This document investigates, justifies, designs, and simulates the application of a fuzzy logic controller/optimizer in a sawmill bucking system application that is the first production station where stems coming from the mountains are processed in a sawmill. One of the areas of success in the application of fuzzy logic is...
The 14-km long Netarts Littoral Cell, located on the northern Oregon coast, experienced episodic erosion as a result of the severe 1997-98 El Nino and 1998-99 La Nina. The erosion events led to the development of a unique partnership bridging scientists, stakeholders, and various planning agencies. To address these erosion...
Wireless networking equipment was installed on three research vessels and at three shore stations during the 1998 Thin Layers Experiment in East Sound, Washington. This wireless network provided high-speed data communication between scientists on separate vessels and permitted rapid transfer of data from vessels and from moored instruments to a...
This thesis presents a hydrogeologic study of the Parrett Mountain Region,
located approximately 20 miles south of Portland, Oregon. The aim of the study was
to investigate the impacts of Columbia River Basalt on the regional groundwater
system, to expand our understanding of flow through fractured basalt, to improve
management...
The main purpose of this project is to describe the hydrologic characteristics, with and without
regulation by dams, of the Coast and Middle Forks of the Willamette River, including the
floodplain, from the confluence to approximately eight miles upstream. The research is intended
to assess the future potential of the...
This study described how and why a Korean elementary teacher taught mathematics as he did. Specifically, the study sought to describe his beliefs about the teaching and learning of mathematics and relate them to patterns of classroom interaction and norms.
An ethnographic inquiry guided the study of one third grade...
In the context of forest products, a cutting order is a list of dimension parts along with demanded quantities. The cutting-order problem is to minimize the total cost of filling the cutting order from a given lumber grade (or grades). Lumber of a given grade is supplied to the production...
We present a meta-model as a process maturity framework that can be effectively used to
identify the key practices to initiate and sustain a software process improvement effort
focused on a single process area. Our approach moves away from the overall software
development process and computation of maturity levels and...
Unrelated parallel machines are machines that perform the same function but have
different capacity or capability. Thus, the processing time of each job would be different
on machines of different types. The scheduling environment considered is dynamic in
both job release time and machine availability. Additionally, each job considered can...
Although there has been research into ways to design spreadsheet systems to improve the processes of creating new spreadsheets and of understanding existing ones, little attention has been given to helping users of these environments test their spreadsheets. To help address this need, we introduce two visual approaches to testing...
The main result of this written dissertation is a mathematical solution to the problem of multiplex recording for high performance tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The prescription is to use a time-lag accelerator in the second stage to match the ion optical properties of the decay fragments to the requirements of...
Since their discovery in 1977, hydrothermal vent communities have offered scientists
a unique glimpse into a world that is supported primarily by chemically derived
energy rather than direct energy from the sun. Furthermore, studies of hydrothermal
vent ecosystems have introduced scientists to amazing animals that have successfully
adapted to living...
Lake Kinneret is Israel's only fresh water lake (unless you count the Dead Sea). It spans roughly 20km from north to south, and about 12km at its widest east west extent. It is not quite 50m deep at its deepest point. In late spring, the lake stratifies significantly and remains...
The Mount Fubilan Intrusion is part of a geologically young hypabyssal stock in the Star Mountains of Papua New Guinea. This stock was mapped as the Ok Tedi Intrusive Complex and divided into four separate bodies: the Mount Fubilan, Sydney Intrusion, Kalgoorlie, and Ningi Intrusions. Hydrothermal fluids caused alteration of...
El Niflo and La Nifia are oceanographic and atmospheric phenomena that have been
catalogued for well over a centuly. In El Nifio years, Peru's otherwise thy west coast is
subjected to torrential rainfall. Higher ocean temperatures off the coast are deemed the
culprit. Attempts to quantify this began in the...
This paper introduces the even-odd POMDP, an approximation to POMDPs in which the world is assumed to be fully observable every other time step. The even-odd POMDP can be converted into an equivalent MDP, the
2MDP, whose value function, V*[subscript 2MDP], can be combined online with a 2-step lookahead search...
Published 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
The implementation of concurrent engineering into many large
companies has greatly improved their product development processes.
These companies have seen significant gains in quality and customer
satisfaction with reduced product costs, defects, and time-to-market
(Lake, 1992). Many large companies have successfully employed this
relatively new product development philosophy. However, smaller...
Oregon's estuarine wetland landscapes have been changed, especially since the nineteenth century, by diking, dredging, fills, and other alterations. These alterations have removed wetlands from the estuaries, and with them, have removed wetland functions. Currently, efforts are being made to restore estuarine wetlands. The first step in
selecting a site...
Published February 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Large-scale ecosystem assessments aim to assist ecosystem management by synthesizing current scientific knowledge on an area, and by providing a foundation for policy discussions and decisions on land management. These assessments go beyond traditional research efforts by moving away from narrow scope, system, and institutional boundaries, and by attempting to...
A linear programming (LP) profit-maximization model and a Target MOTAD risk programming model were developed to identify optimal management strategies and associated risk levels for the aquaculture of penaeid shrimp in Honduras. Data for this study were provided by three cooperating shrimp farms and included complete production records of 1,004...
Tillamook Bay is used for recreational activities such as swimming and diving, as well as recreational clam harvesting. The bay is also used for one of Tillamook's most prominent industries, oyster harvesting. Bacterial contamination of Tillamook Bay has been a recognized problem since 1962. There are a number of known...
The primary goal of this research was to identify the impacts that individual agricultural land uses have on fish communities in small streams located in the Willamette Valley of western Oregon. The diverse nature of the land use features of the valley provided a challenging but useful system for the...
The purpose of this study was to understand how adult learners in an online teacher licensure program selected and used learning strategies, transformed existing strategies or developed new strategies. Also examined was whether the environment itself facilitated or impeded usage of transformed strategies, or development of new strategies. Participants in...
Myxobolus cerebralis, a myxozoan parasite that infects almost all species of wild and cultured salmonids, was first identified in northeastern Oregon in the Lostine River in 1986. Fish that are heavily infected with M. cerebralis develop whirling disease, which was determined to be the cause of catastrophic declines in rainbow...
This thesis presents a design-oriented model for lightly doped CMOS substrates. The model predicts the substrate noise coupling between noisy digital and sensitive analog blocks in the early stages of the design. The model scales with the size and separation of these blocks and it is validated with device simulations...
This qualitative study explored the life experiences of a small group of
Yemeni women who are academically successful and identified factors perceived by this group to have played a major role in their academic success. One of the key objectives was to gain a better understanding of the processes which...
Measurements of helium isotopes in particles separated from polar ice demonstrate that extraterrestrial ³He dominates the ³He flux at the GISP2 (Greenland) and Vostok (Antarctica) ice core sites. Replicate measurements of late Holocene ice samples yield ³He fluxes of 0.62±0.27×10⁻¹² cm³ STP cm⁻² ka⁻¹ (GISP2) and 0.77 ± 0.25 ×...
With the increased attention on high efficiency and energy savings, power electronic energy conversion equipment is increasingly incorporated in all levels of the power system. The drawback of such equipment is the generation of nonsinusoidal currents in the power distribution network due to the nonlinear operation. Harmonic currents may distort...
The acute phase response (APR) includes an early response of the innate immune
system to an inflammatory agent. Acute phase proteins (APP) are produced at
increased rates in the liver during this response. The APR has been well
characterized in mammals, but it is unclear to what degree teleosts mount...
This study examined associations between participation in voluntary out-of-school programs (e.g., scouting, Boys' and Girls' Clubs, 4-H, YMCA/YWCA) in adolescence and four negative outcomes: school dropout, early sexual activity, delinquency, and drug use. A prospective longitudinal design had collected four waves of interview data on a national sample of 15,000...
Hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cones are used extensively in beer brewing to enhance flavor and impart bittering. Verifying hops cultivar identity has traditionally been accomplished by morphological characteristics or a chemical analysis of lupulin glands but these traits may vary according to environmental influences. The objective of this research was...
Published March 2000. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Alfalfa is capable of producing high yields of forage when grown on deep, well-drained soils. Good management practices are essential if optimum fertilizer responses are to be realized. These practices include use of recommended varieties, selection of adapted soils, weed control, disease and insect control, good seedbed preparation, proper inoculation...
Alfalfa is capable of producing high yields of forage when grown on deep, well-drained soils. Good management practices are essential if optimum fertilizer responses are to be realized. These practices include use of recommended varieties, selection of adapted soils, weed control, disease and insect control, good seedbed preparation, proper inoculation...
Magnetotelluric exploration has been used to image along strike variations in the electrical resistivity structure of the San Andreas Fault at Parkfield, California. A low resistivity wedge extending to a depth of several kilometers is continuous over a horizontal distance of 8 km. The base of the wedge is coincident...
The nonlinear dynamics of unstable alongshore currents in the nearshore
surf zone over variable barred beach topography are studied using numerical
experiments. These experiments extend the recent studies of Allen et al. [1996]
and Slnn et al. [1998], which utilized alongshore uniform beach topographies by
including sinusoidal alongshore variation to...
This thesis examines the values and criteria American companies use in hiring or placing expatriate employees in China. These values and criteria affect the success or failure of expatriate employees and a company's bottom line - profitability. Investigating this topic required an examination of the history of the political, economic,...
The arithmetic portions of almost all modern processor architectures are of very similar design. We use the term "traditional" to describe this design, the primary characteristics of which are native support for integer and floating-point number types and special disjoint instructions and hardware for each supported type. Decades of refinement...
Few studies have examined the own-price elasticity of Canadian softwood lumber supply or output-adjusted factor demand elasticities over the past two decades, despite the utility of these measures in understanding producer response to tariffs, to market shifts (such as the decline in U.S. public harvest), and to changes in domestic...
Salmon management philosophies of the five salmon jurisdictions of the North Pacific (Japan, Russia, Canada, Alaska and the American Northwest) are examined in a historical and geographic context. The first objective is to provide a synthesis of salmon management experience across the North Pacific, to serve as a context for...
Purpose: The Purpose of this research was to design, implement and evaluate a patient centered asthma intervention pilot program directed by physicians and administered by community pharmacists to a group of Managed Care contracted Oregon Health Plan asthmatics. The evaluation was to determine if the proposed intervention could improve the...
"Recent concerns have been raised by commercial crab interests relating to the size and character of the recreational fishery for dungeness crab in ocean waters off Oregon. In response to those concerns, in May of 1999 the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife's Ocean Sampling Project began counting the number...
Linear solvers are often used to solve neutron diffusion problems. These tools have two significant shortcomings. First, parallel implementations provide only a modest speedup. The operations cannot be divided cleanly between processors. Second, for large matrices they can be very slow. Our primary goal is to find a new method...
Spreadsheet languages, which include commercial spreadsheets and various research systems, have proven to be flexible tools in many settings. Research shows, however, that spreadsheets often contain faults. This thesis presents an integrated testing and fault localization methodology for spreadsheets. This methodology allows spreadsheet developers to engage in modeless development,
testing...
The diverse lichen flora of the Pacific Northwest is being impacted by
population growth and by forest management practices. Accumulating information
about our lichen flora will improve our conservation strategies. This dissertation first
collects information to improve our understanding of how lichen communities vary
among forests of differing structure, and...
We evaluate the theoretical performance of a point-source integrating-cavity absorption meter (PSICAM) with Monte Carlo simulations and a sensitivity analysis. We quantify the scattering errors, verifying that they are negligible for most ocean optics applications. Although the PSICAM detector response is highly sensitive to the value of the wall reflectivity,...
The Adams-Larsen-Pomraning coupled transport model has been used to describe neutral particle transport in binary stochastic mixtures. Here, the mixing statistics are considered to be homogeneous Markovian processes. While the model is robust, the convergence behavior and efficiency of this coupled model have not been addressed. Countless iterative methods could...
Bankfull discharge is an important indicator of streamfiow and affects
physical instream habitat. Geographic Information Systems (G IS), hydrologic
modeling, and statistical analysis were utilized to assess the relationship of
bankfull discharge recurrence intervals and land use / land cover watershed
wide and for stream adjacent buffers and bands of...
The overarching theme of these stories is the relationship between love and hate, especially the connection between kindness and violence. In this fictional world, love often begets hate, and hate, love: a man's capacity for empathy serves as the catalyst for an act of brutality; a character's loneliness, his desire...
Direct numerical simulations of turbulence resulting from Kelvin–Helmholtz instability in stably
stratified shear flow are used to study sources of anisotropy in various spectral ranges. The set of
simulations includes various values of the initial Richardson and Reynolds numbers, as well as
Prandtl numbers ranging from 1 to 7. We...
The Amsterdam-St. Paul Plateau is bisected by the intermediate-rate spreading Southeast Indian Ridge, and numerous geophysical and tectonic anomalies arise from the interactions of the Amsterdam-St. Paul hotspot and the spreading center. The plate boundary geometry on the hotspot platform evolves rapidly (on timescales <1 Myr), off-axis volcanism is abundant,...
Northwest cherry cultivars including Prunus avium 'Bing', Prunus avium 'Rainier', Prunus avium 'Royal Anne' and Prunus cerasus 'Montmorency' were separated into epidermal tissue, flesh and pit and cryogenically milled with liquid nitrogen. These samples as well as whole samples from each variety were extracted with acetone followed by a chloroform...
The stable isotopic signature of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ¹³CDIC) in the northeast Pacific Ocean is lower in near-surface waters by 1.1‰ relative to values predicted from global oceanic trends of δ¹³CDIC versus nutrients. A combination of anthropogenic carbon uptake from the atmosphere and thermodynamic, air-sea gas exchange processes in different...
In order to determine the physical location of contaminants in soil, two solidified soil
"thin" sections, which preserve the undisturbed structural characteristics of the original
soil, containing weapons-grade plutonium from the Rocky Flats Environmental Test Site
were prepared. Two autoradiographic methods were used in radionuclide mapping:
contact autoradiography using CR-39®...
A method is described for determining the partition coefficient, K, for radon gas
distributed between an aqueous phase and an organic solvent. The method uses
sequential extractions of radon into equal volume aliquots of organic solvent. The
radon-laden organic liquid is then counted on a liquid scintillation analyzer with alpha-beta...