Host-selective toxins (HSTs) secreted by the pathogenic isolate of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, BFP, are major pathogenicity factors in tan spot disease of wheat. Along with characterized HSTs such as Ptr ToxA (ToxA), BFP secretes at least two more uncharacterized toxic components. In an attempt to identify these additional components, 12 candidate...
A. Elegantissima is not well understood, there is still much we don’t know about the anemone. What we do know is that they live in aggregations, where they divide the labor as mothers and warriors. The anemones have feeding tentacles and acrorhagi, the latter are attacking tentacles. Mothers are found...
Extraction of natural gas from shale formations using the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) requires the use of thousands of cubic meters of fluid. Hydraulic fracturing fluids are pumped under pressure into shale formations, fracturing the shale and releasing pockets of trapped gases. When the pressure in a natural gas...
Abstract
Flame-retardants (FRs) generally enter the environment by dissociating from the products they were originally manufactured into. The predominant class of FR used in consumer products before their eventual phase-out in the mid-2000s were the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Previous studies have illustrated a correlation between socio-economic status, notably gross...
Oregon White Oaks (Quercus garryana) were once abundant in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, but have drastically decreased because of fire suppression, agriculture, and human development. Oaks are an important ecosystem because they provide a diverse habitat for bird species that are insectivorous and/or cavity nesters. We studied the oak restoration...
Research Outline
•Amplify the coding region of the spike protein by PCR using primer flanking the S protein coding region
•Clone the coding region into PCR-TOPO 2.1 cloning vector
•Re-clone the coding region into PET6XHN-N vector
•Induce the spike protein expression in BL-21 cells
Spiropyrans are a family of photosensitive molecules their hydrophobic properties when irradiated with light. Since spiropyran can be controlled by light, it can be used to regulate transport across membrane media. The ability to control the release of a substance onto a platform is promising in reducing the cost of...
Knowles Creek Research Review
This power point presentation was given to Northwest Fisheries Managers in November of 2013 during a conference at Oregon State University.
Soil respiration has been identified as one of the largest natural sources of CO₂ to the global carbon cycle. Small alterations in the magnitude of soil respiration can have potentially large effects on concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ , making the rate at which respiration occurs of great scientific interest (Martin...
Bacteria found in clarified ovine rumen fluid are capable of degradation of high-energy explosives such as RDX (Hexahydro-1,3,-trinitro‐1,3,5‐triazine) and HMX (Octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7-tetrazocine).
The North American host of the introduced Asian isopod parasite, Orthione griffenis, is the burrowing Blue Mud Shrimp, Upogebia pugettensis. The shrimp are the predominant species in the Yaquina Bay estuary intertidal mudflats, and are essential ecosystem engineers. The parasite effectively castrates the shrimp host without causing mortality which allows...
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a mood disorder that is characterized by depressive symptoms that onset and remit at the same times each year. Whereas few people (about 1%) experience problems severe enough to be labeled SAD, many people (estimates range from 30%-90%) may experience mild to moderate changes in...
A better understanding of the distribution and spawning behavior of Crangon shrimp and their relationship with their predators, including the green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, is an important step toward the larger goal to understand food webs of the nearshore continental shelf of the northeastern Pacific. Here, I examined how the...
Endophytes are bacteria or fungi that live within a host plant. The plant host provides a home for endophytes, and in return endophytes produce primary and secondary metabolites, of which many of the secondary metabolites possess biological activities. When microorganisms are grown under various media conditions, they produce different natural...
As juvenile salmon migrate from freshwater into saltwater, physiological changes must occur to allow fish to osmoregulate in the marine environment. Juvenile spring Chinook salmon migrate to the ocean at different time periods, most notably in the fall (August – November; i.e. fall smolts) and spring (February – May; i.e....
Pedometers have become a frequently used tool to measure physical activity. The accuracy of pedometers has been an interest of many researchers given the popularity of the tool. When, pedometers are employed, there are many potential sources of error, including missing data. Because previous studies indicated that the amount of...
For many years, scientists worldwide have been using glacial ice to reconstruct and study Earth’s past climates. While the most continuous records we have are from sites near both poles, there is also mid-latitude perennial ice in the form of mountain glaciers and cave ice. Very little is known about...
Symbiotic relationships between cnidarians and dinoflagellates within the genus
Symbiodinium are critically important for the success of coral reefs. These symbionts
provide their hosts with photosynthetically-fixed carbon in exchange for nutrients
and shelter. Symbiodinium is a phylogenetically diverse genus that is often typed by
sequencing the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer...
The purpose of this project is to study which methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) are related to chemotaxis of Vibrio cholerae. 44 MCP mutant strains were tested in seven different chemoattractants and the resulting swarm circle size was compared to that of C6706 lac-Z wildtype. Several genes were identified that resulted...
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a highly active platinum-containing chemotherapeutic agent for use against solid tumors, including ovarian. However, like most antitumor agents, CDDP use is accompanied by non-tumor tissue toxicities leading to unwanted side effects, including neuropathy. To date, the mechanism(s) for these side effects are undefined. However, the clinical features...
This gamma irradiation study was conducted to establish an LD50 of the hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cultivar Cascade . The overall, long term goal is to generate replacement hop cultivars by inducing minor but significant DNA alterations with gamma radiation to improve agronomic quality without changing the brewing profile. The...
The synergetic interplay between the removal of saturated methyl esters and the addition of deoxygenated fatty acids on depressing the cloud point temperature of biodiesel was investigated in this study. Canola biodiesel was produced in batch as a standard with a cloud point of 1.37 +/- 6.3°C. Saturated methyl esters...
We construct the contact value approximation (CVA) for the pair distribution function,
g(²)(r₁, r₂), for an inhomogeneous hard sphere fluid. The CVA is an average of two radial
distribution functions, which each take as input the distance between the particles, |r₂ −r₁|,
and the average value of the radial distribution...
Zinc sulfide thin films on silicon wafers were analyzed for layer thickness, refractive index, and absorption using reflection spectroscopy (RS), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), and modeling programs. RS and refractive index values from literature were used to model film thickness based on reflection and the SCOUT modeling program was used to...
The Jewett Mine is a hard rock mine located on the southern flank of Mount Baldy, approximately 1.6 km from Grants Pass in Josephine County, Oregon on the Grants Pass mining district. The Jewett Group contains 7 separate claims totaling approximately 1.42 km² and consists of several workings including an...
There are a number of problems associated with urban expansion and as cities continue
to grow the integration of green roofs can help to ease and offset many of them. This study
uses a combination of moss and Sedum as vegetation for experimental green roof sections in
order to test...
Knowledge of Drosophila suzukii's preference for an attractive trap design and bait can be used to improve detection and management of this new invasive fruit pest. Desired trap and bait attributes include: high D. suzukii capture and species specificity; early-season detection prior to significant crop damage; higher capture of females...
Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge (HMNAR) established in 1936, is 101,000 ha in area. The refuge was grazed by domestic livestock from the 1870s until their exclusion in 1990. Just prior to removal of livestock, photopoints were taken at various riparian and wetland locations throughout the refuge to document riparian...
Hypoxia is a naturally occurring phenomenon that happens seasonally off the Oregon coast. As a consequence, there has been a great deal of research focused around analyzing the strength and duration of the hypoxic event during the summer season. This paper, however, takes an innovative approach by looking at the...
Humans and rodents experience declines in reference (long-term) and working (short-term)
memory and cognitive flexibility during the aging process. Aging changes in GluN1 and
GluN2B subunits of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors show a relationship to both
reference and working memory deficits. Sulindac, an anti-inflammatory drug, enhances working memory and NMDA receptor...
Pactamycin, a complex aminocyclitol compound produced by Streptomyces pactum, has significant antibiotic, antitumor, and antiplasmodial activity. However, this natural product has not been developed for clinical use due to its high cytotoxicity. Modulation of its biological properties by chemical synthesis has been difficult due to its complex chemical structure. Therefore,...
As scientific technologies and techniques have improved in past decades, it has become
possible to quickly collect unprecedented quantities of experimental data. In the study of gene expression, for instance, datasets comprising tens of thousands of variables and hundreds of treatments can be produced in a matter of months. When...
Visual working memory (VWM) allows us temporarily hold images in our minds and manipulate them. As an example, you can remember a face you just saw, or try to imagine how a room would look with a different arrangement of furniture. Previous studies have shown that individuals with low VWM...
A method has been developed to measure the thickness of ZnS thin films on Si using optical interference. Thin film optical interference fringes are dependent upon the thickness of the film, and for this reason the thickness can be determined by measuring reflectance spectrum of a thin film. A grating...
Radio astronomy allows observations of unique objects and phenomena relating to the electric and magnetic fields of celestial objects. Radio astronomy can be preformed at any time of day and is less beholden to atmospheric conditions than optical astronomy. A radio telescope designed to receive radiation at 1.421 GHz, the...
Childhood health is a strong determinant of adult health, including overweight and obesity. Rural children and adults experience a greater obesity prevalence compared to children and adults living in more urban places. The goal of Generating Rural Options for Weight-Healthy Kids & Communities (GROW HKC) is to prevent childhood obesity...
The common choice in computational approximations, from 0 K to room temperature, of solid materials is to assume the structure remains unchanged at low temperatures. Often such an approximation is a very reasonable assumption. However, this approximation is not absolute and can break down even for relatively simple materials such...
The purpose of this research was to discover if using online homework contributes to an overall higher enjoyment of the Introductory Psychology class, given that other factors are held constant. Students who used the online homework PsychPortlal for the Introductory Psychology 202 class would rate the “overall enjoyment of the...
The Min protein system in Escherichia coli helps the cell division process by identifying the center of the cell [1, 7]. This system has been modeled succesfully computationally under standard conditions. There has been recent experimental interest in the cell division process for significantly perturbed cell shapes. We take the...
Coronagraphs have been used on telescopes for many years to block out bright
sources in the sky to allow nearby objects to be resolved. A digital micromirror
array (DMA) can be used in the focal plane of a telescope to serve as an adaptive
coronagraph. The DMA can be configured...
Consuming cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli sprouts, kale, Brussels sprouts, and bok choy is associated with several health benefits, such as a decreased risk of certain cancers. Cruciferous vegetables contain the glucosinolate, glucoraphanin (GFN). Cutting, chopping or chewing these vegetables releases the enzyme myrosinase, which transforms GFN into sulforaphane (SFN)....
During volcanic eruptions ascending magma undergoes decompression, resulting in a decrease of dissolved H2O. This creates unstable conditions for the hydrous mineral amphibole. As a result a reaction rim forms from anhydrous minerals such as pyroxene, plagioclase, and Fe-Ti oxides (Rutherford and Hill, 1993). There have been numerous studies done...
Menu-Choice is a program that was developed to provide physical activity support and education to group homes that house adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I/DD). It has been shown that the physical activity levels for individuals living in group homes are low. This program was designed to provide direct...
We present a report on a new capability for low temperature microscopy of organic
optoelectronic semiconductor materials. We may now perform photoluminescence (PL) and
conductivity measurements as a function of temperature on a microscopic level.
Testing confirmed the setup's ability to support microscopic measurements at pressures
of 10^-6 Torr and...
Children’s self-regulation and socio-economic status are important factors in predicting later academic outcomes and kindergarten readiness.
This study examined relationships between socio-economic status (SES), gender differences, and performance on the Heads-Toes-Knees-Shoulders (HTKS) self-regulation assessment.
Using a diverse sample of 408 preschool children, results indicated:
Low-income children in Head Start displayed...
Studying the evolution of the Milky Way galaxy helps us understand our place in the Universe. Early evolution of the Galaxy can effectively be studied by observing stars with low metallicity values since they are the oldest stars still visible. Due to the formation of the Galaxy, the oldest stars...
This project’s first aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of the IMPACT program on undergraduate volunteers’ acceptance and attitude towards working with children with disabilities. The second aim is identifying potential factors effecting the volunteers’ acceptance and attitude towards working with children with disabilities. The IMPACT program serves both as...
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Salvia hispanica, also known as Chia, is an annual plant of the mint family, Lamiaceae. Chia is a vascular plant with perennating buds initially formed at or within the soil surface. Chia grows to roughly one meter tall at maturity, with leaves growing in opposite arrangement, small purple flowers,...
The origin of hornblendite and other mafic mineral-rich veins found in Cretaceous plutonic rocks from the Northern Cascades is currently not well known. This study seeks to investigate the possible relationship between host plutonic rocks and hornblendite and pyroxene-rich veins by comparing the chemical compositions and petrographic features between the...
The origin of hornblendite and other mafic mineral-rich veins found in Cretaceous plutonic rocks from the Northern Cascades is currently not well known. This study seeks to investigate the possible relationship between host plutonic rocks and hornblendite and pyroxene-rich veins by comparing the chemical compositions and petrographic features between the...
In this study, we compared the behavior of bottle fed lambs verses mother fed lambs in three testing scenarios; the sociability test, the paired attachment test, and the mismatch attachment test. The tests sought to determine if a familiar human can serve as a secure base for lambs in a...
The tropical sea anemone, Aiptasia sp., is a model organism within the phylum cnidaria, a group that includes globally threatened corals which are the bio-engineers of coral reefs.
Aiptasia reproduce both sexually, in a process known as spawning, and asexually, mainly through a process known as pedal laceration. During spawning,...
Mt. Hood, in north-central Oregon, has experienced 13 M ≥ 3.0 earthquakes since 1980. 1812 earthquakes that range in magnitude from -1.1 to 4.5 have been recorded in the region during the same time frame. This paper analyzes four of the larger earthquakes to provide moment tensor solutions and relocated...
Heterospecific competition for carrion may influence community structure as dominant species are predicted to exploit subordinate, social species to find food. We used camera traps and ungulate carcasses to assess scavenger interactions in central Oregon. Preliminary analyses indicate that raptor arrival at carcasses correlated with arrival of ravens (Corvus corax)...
The research revolves around membrane-assisted electrolysis to recover caustic soda from alkali processing. This research began with the lab having no experience in electrochemistry and thus conducting initial experiments to begin to understand electrochemical systems. The lab then looked at both gas production and anodic fouling behavior. The lab then...
Cerebral Palsy is a muscle movement disorder caused by an insult to the immature developing brain before birth. Children with Cerebral Palsy generally have impaired movement, exaggerated joints, floppiness or rigidity of limbs and torso, abnormal posture, involuntary movement, and unsteady walking. This study was designed to test whether working...
Previous studies have shown that both younger and older adults exhibit similar brain activity while anticipating monetary gain but older adults exhibit less brain activity comparing to younger adults while anticipating monetary loss. In Anderson et al.’s (2011) study, they found that visual search was slower with a salient, task-irrelevant...
Forward osmosis provides a low energy alternative for waste water purification. One of the major issues facing this process is the formation of a foulant layer preventing fluid transfer across the membrane. In recent studies, a conductive layer added to the membrane surface allowing an electric charge to be present...
Previous studies have suggested that negatively valenced faces (e.g., angry faces) automatically capture attention away from faces with other emotional valences (e.g., happy faces and neutral faces). The present study evaluated two experiments with age-related differences: the first assessed recognition memory for pictures of faces and how it is modulated...
"Red-sided garter snakes, Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis, from Manitoba, Canada are known to be hosts to trematodes, Alaria sp., in their population. Alaria sp. have been located in the tail tissue of the snakes. The non-reproductive stage of these obligate endoparasites, known as a mesocercaria, is trophically acquired by garter snakes....
Offshore renewable energy, an untapped energy resource in the United States, has the potential to stimulate job creation and diversify the world’s energy portfolio. Transmission cables are used to transfer electrical power to the mainland. These cables carry a harmonic time-dependent current. This current in turn generates both an electric...
Red clover (Trifolium pratense) seed yields in Oregon are significantly reduced by the Clover Root Borer (CRB), Hylastinus obscurus. Since the CRB develops in clover roots and only emerges above ground briefly to mate and disperse, insecticides are ineffective for its control. In contrast, biological control may have potential as...