RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) has rapidly become the de facto technique in transcriptome studies. However, established statistical methods for analyzing experimental and observational microarray studies need to be revised or completely re-invented to accommodate RNA-Seq data's unique characteristics. In this dissertation, we focus on statistical analyses performed at two particular stages in...
IMPORTANCE:
Muscle pain, fatigue, and weakness are common adverse effects of statin medications and may decrease physical activity in older men.
OBJECTIVE:
Determine whether statin use is associated with physical activity, longitudinally and cross-sectionally.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:
Men participating in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study, a multicenter prospective...
In 2013, the California current was dominated by
strong coastal upwelling and high productivity. Indices
of total cumulative upwelling for particular coastal
locations reached some of the highest values on record.
Chlorophyll a levels were high throughout spring and
summer. Catches of upwelling-related fish species were
also high. After a...
There are about 80 million single-family dwellings (SFDs) in the United States, predominantly of wood-frame construction. Of these, 68% are owner-occupied. A home is typically the largest single investment of a family, and is often not covered by earthquake insurance, even where it is available. Of all the houses in...
There are about 80 million single-family dwellings (SFD) in the United States,
predominantly of wood-frame construction. Of these, 68% are owner occupied. A home is
typically the largest single investment of a family, and is often not covered by earthquake
insurance, even where it is available. Of all the houses...
Lack of valid economic data for artisan cheese making is a serious impediment to developing a realistic business plan and obtaining financing. The objective of this study was to determine approximate start-up and operating costs for an artisan cheese company. In addition, values are provided for the required size of...
Potential for large prairie remnants to provide habitat for grassland-obligate wildlife may be compromised by
nonsustainable range-management practices. In 1979–1980, high nesting densities of 3 species of hawks in the genus
Buteo—Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis), Red-tailed Hawk (B. jamaicensis), and Swainson’s Hawk (B. swainsoni)—were
documented on the Zumwalt Prairie and...
Sulfur and copper are important for human health.
Sulfur deficiency is rare, but may occur in the elderly. However,
a large percentage of the U.S. population is deficient in
copper. The purpose of this study was to determine the range
of values for sulfur and copper available in advanced potato...
The absence of federal climate legislation in the United States has led to a growth of sub-federal and non-governmental programs to combat greenhouse gas emissions. One such program, the American College and University Presidents’ Climate Commitment (ACUPCC) seeks to mitigate greenhouse emissions from higher education through the voluntary commitment of...
Spray drying has been widely used in food science for long-term storage of products such as powdered milk, and it has recently been used for preservation of more temperature sensitive products such as human blood plasma and single-cell organisms. However, there are no previous reports of successful spray drying of...
Many public opinion surveys indicate that patients desire an open dialogue on spirituality/religion with their physicians. What role does spirituality play in the physician/patient relationship and in what contexts do these conversations arise? What do physicians think about the appropriateness of such discussions? Because the role of spirituality in clinical...
Stands of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii ssp. menziesii Mirb. (Franco)) near the Oregon Coast are showing signs of growth reduction from the foliar pathogen Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii that causes Swiss Needle Cast (SNC) disease. To better understand the mechanisms of needle drop through disease, and to learn the degree of variability in...
AIM: Landscape management and conservation planning require maps of vegetation
composition and structure over large regions. Species distribution models
(SDMs) are often used for individual species, but projects mapping multiple species
are rarer. We compare maps of plant community composition assembled by
stacking results from many SDMs with multivariate maps...
Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus) is an economically and ecologically important species in the southeastern
Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands, yet little is known about the spawning dynamics of Pacific cod in
these regions. To address this knowledge gap, we applied a gross anatomical maturity key for Pacific cod
to describe...
Addressing the ongoing decline of Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus across its range along the west coast
of North America requires an understanding of all life history phases. Currently, spawning surveys (redd counts)
are a common tool used to monitor returning adult salmonids, but the methods are in their infancy for...
Large-scale poisoning events are common to scavenging bird species that forage communally, many of which are in decline. To reduce the threat of poisoning and compensate for other persistent threats, management, including supplemental feeding, is ongoing for many reintroduced and endangered vulture populations. Through a longitudinal study of lead exposure...
We examined the spatial and temporal variability of stream carbon dioxide (CO₂) and the drivers of these variations in a headwater catchment. To examine temporal variation and drivers, we measured stream and hyporheic pCO₂ at high temporal resolution over 11 months in a 95.9-ha forested headwater catchment in the Western...
Sclerotinia crown rot, caused by Sclerotinia minor and S. sclerotiorum,
is a disease of pyrethrum in Australia that may cause substantial decline
in plant density. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the disease
were quantified in 14 fields during three growing seasons. Fitting the
binary power law to disease incidence provided slope...
This study investigated the spatial distribution of juvenile North Pacific albacore (Thunnus alalunga) in relation to local environmental variability
[i.e. sea surface temperature (SST)], and two large-scale indices of climate variability, [the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and theMultivariate
El Nino/Southern Oscillation Index (MEI)]. Changes in local and climate variables were...
Dust deposition on ecosystems with highly weathered soils may provide vital rock-derived nutrients that maintain ecosystem productivity. Because of the difficulties in measuring temporally and spatially heterogeneous dust deposition over ecologically meaningful timescales, evaluations of the spatial variability in dust deposition are extremely rare. In the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto...
Seascape ecology is an emerging discipline focused on understanding how features of the marine habitat influence the
spatial distribution of marine species. However, there is still a gap in the development of concepts and techniques for its
application in the marine pelagic realm, where there are no clear boundaries delimitating...
As in many regions of the world, the shelf waters of the western United States have experienced large increases and high interannual variability in jellyfish populations in recent decades. The northern California Current (NCC) is a productive upwelling zone that is home to large populations of medusae, particularly during some...
The most commonly encountered plant-parasitic nematodes in eastern Washington Vitis vinifera vineyards are Meloidogyne hapla, Mesocriconema xenoplax, Pratylenchus spp., Xiphinema americanum, and Paratylenchus sp.; however, little is known about their distribution in the soil profile. The vertical and horizontal spatial distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes was determined in two Washington V....
The known distribution of beluga whales ranges from sub-Arctic to Arctic waters where they migrate in pods in response to environmental factors such as the presence of sea ice and prey. This study uses bivariate and multivariate analysis techniques to measure how environmental covariates are associated with the spatial-temporal distribution...
Keywords: common murre; Uria aalge; nestling; colony; Northern California Current System; nCCS; diet; prey; northern anchovy; Engraulis mordax; rockfish; Sebastes; Pacific sand lance; Ammodytes hexapterus; smelt; Osmeridae; opportunistic foraging; Triangle Island, British Columbia; Tatoosh Island, Washington; Yaquina Head Outstanding Natural Area, Oregon; Devil's Slide Rock, California; Castle Rock National Wildlife...
Mortality and injuries caused by ship strikes in U.S. waters are a cause of concern for the endangered population of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) occupying the eastern North Pacific. We sought to determine which areas along the U.S. West Coast are most important to blue whales and whether those areas...
Emissions largely associated with the combustion of fossil fuels and agriculture has caused elevated atmospheric deposition of nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) throughout much of the developed world. Increased atmospheric deposition of N and S can lead to soil and surface water acidification and affect forest soil nutrient supply. The...
This short note demonstrates that sparse recovery can be achieved by an l₁-minimization ersatz easily implemented using a conventional nonnegative least squares algorithm. A connection with orthogonal matching pursuit is also highlighted. The preliminary results call for more investigations on the potential of the method and on its relations to...
In 2009 a network of 19 multiple-use Marine Parks was created in State waters under the South Australian Marine Parks Act 2007. Section 21 of the Act contains compensation provisions where rights of fishing licence holders are affected by the creation of marine parks. Management plans and zoning regulations were established...
Resazurin (Raz) and its reaction product resorufin (Rru) have increasingly been used as reactive tracers to quantify metabolic activity and hyporheic exchange in streams. Previous work has indicated that these compounds undergo sorption in stream sediments. We present laboratory experiments on Raz and Rru transport, sorption, and transformation, consisting of...
Nanomaterials are expected to enable significant advances in several technological fields in coming years. Among them, electronics has emerged as one of the most likely benefactors from the ability to control matter on the nanometer-scale. For many electronic devices synthesized nanomaterials must be integrated into thin film structures. Vapor-based deposition...
A comparison was made of Al₂O₃ films deposited on Si via prompt inorganic condensation (PIC)
and atomic layer deposition (ALD). Current–voltage measurements as a function of annealing
temperature indicate that the solution-processed PIC films, annealed at 500°C, exhibit lower
leakage and roughly equivalent breakdown strength in comparison to ALD films....
Understanding fundamental uranyl polyoxometalate
(POM) chemistry in solution and the solid state is
the first step to defining its future role in the development
of new actinide materials and separation processes
that are vital to every step of the nuclear fuel cycle. Many
solid-state geometries of uranyl POMs have been...
Soil respiration has been identified as one of the largest natural sources of CO₂ to the global carbon cycle. Small alterations in the magnitude of soil respiration can have potentially large effects on concentrations of atmospheric CO₂ , making the rate at which respiration occurs of great scientific interest (Martin...
Current paradigm suggests that spatial and temporal competition for resources limit an exotic invader, cheatgrass (Bromus
tectorum L.), which once established, alters fire regimes and can result in annual grass dominance in sagebrush steppe.
Prescribed fire and fire surrogate treatments (mowing, tebuthiuron, and imazapic) are used to reduce woody fuels...
There is a growing consensus that anthropogenic warming will impact soil organic matter (SOM). Globally, soil contains 2-3 times more carbon (C) than plants, and like plants, temperature induced change of SOM could have significant climate repercussions. Although, the majority of warming experiments have increased day and night temperatures equally,...
Small-scale fisheries can generate significant profit, enhance resilience to shocks and crises, and make meaningful contributions to poverty alleviation and food security. There is very limited information on how well these potentials are being tapped in developing countries. This study examines the socioeconomic, livelihood and food security impacts of Ogun...
Adult development and social experiences are intertwined, which has implications for social policy, health, and well-being across the lifespan. This dissertation explores the benefit and risk that close social partners bring to adults' lives, and the efficacy and consequences of engaging social resources to maintain well-being in the face of...
Lifestyle blogs viewed through the lens of utopian literature reveals a rich historical heritage behind the current phenomenon. Blogs such as "Classy Girls Wear Pearls" exhibit an idyllic perfection, unable to withstand inquiry, and the intense disagreement that results between the real and the ideal echoes features of formative utopian...
In the Capabilities Approach literature “capabilities” are the real freedoms individuals possess to achieve certain “functionings,” which are the doings and beings that constitute a good life. I argue that this approach requires, or at least can benefit from, an account of the psychosocial mechanisms involved in capability limitation. The...
Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are vocal baleen whales that exhibit complex social interactions that vary spatially and seasonally. Across their range, humpback whales produce a wide array of vocalizations including ‘song’, foraging vocalizations, and a range of vocalizations known as social calls -- unclassified non-song vocalizations. This study investigates the...
In this study, we compared the behavior of bottle fed lambs verses mother fed lambs in three testing scenarios; the sociability test, the paired attachment test, and the mismatch attachment test. The tests sought to determine if a familiar human can serve as a secure base for lambs in a...
Host-selective toxins (HSTs) secreted by the pathogenic isolate of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, BFP, are major pathogenicity factors in tan spot disease of wheat. Along with characterized HSTs such as Ptr ToxA (ToxA), BFP secretes at least two more uncharacterized toxic components. In an attempt to identify these additional components, 12 candidate...
Along the southern Sicilian coast (Central Mediterranean Sea), Sciacca harbor is the most important landing port for small pelagic fish species (manly anchovies and sardines) [1, 2]. This landing side accounts for about 2/3 of total catch in GFCM-FAO Geographical Sub-Area 16 (South of Sicily), where two operational units (OU)...
Results are provided that highlight the effect of interfacial discontinuities in the
diffusion coefficient on the behavior of certain basic functionals of the diffusion, such
as local times and occupation times, extending previous results in [2, 3] on the behavior
of first passage times. The main goal is to obtain...
The fracture toughness is a critical material property that determines engineering performance.
However, as is well known for crystalline materials, if certain sample geometry and size
requirements are not met, test results become sample-size dependent and difficult to compare
among different studies. Here, the room-temperature fracture toughness of the Zr-based...
Bacterioplankton of the SAR11 clade are the most abundant microorganisms in marine systems, usually representing 25% or more of the total bacterial cells in seawater worldwide. SAR11 is divided into subclades with distinct spatiotemporal distributions (ecotypes), some of which appear to be specific to deep water. Here we examine the...
An improved extraction and HPLC method for the simultaneous extraction and quantitation of retinol, α-tocopherol, α-tocotrienol and β-carotene was developed to analyze commercial whole/semi-skim/skim samples of raw/pasteurized/UHT milk in transparent plastic/glass bottles and Tetra Brik™ containers. The sample preparation method required prior saponification at 40ºC for 15 min followed by...
Phenolic acids, flavanols, flavonols and stilbenes (PAFFS) were isolated from whole grapes, juice, or pomace and purified using enzymatic hydrolysis. Only anthocyanin mono-glucosides and a few of the oligomers from
Cynthiana grape (Vitis aestivalis) were analysed. Flavonoid-anthocyanin mono-glucosides (FA) were isolated using methanol/0.1% hydrochloric acid extraction. In addition, crude extractions...
Simulation models were developed to explore the reversible nature of gecko dry
adhesion system. The central idea of this model is that even with a small moment imparted on the contact tip, the seta can be easily ad-adhered. It is shown that this contact condition is very sensitive, but can...
Coastal flood hazard zones and the design of coastal defenses are often devised using the maximum
recorded water level or a ‘‘design’’ event such as the 100 year return level, usually projected from
observed extremes. Despite technological advances driving more consistent instrumental records of waves
and water levels, the observational...
We construct uncountably many simply connected open
3-manifolds with genus one ends homeomorphic to the Cantor set.
Each constructed manifold has the property that any self homeomorphism of the manifold (which necessarily extends to a homeomorphism of the ends) fixes the ends pointwise. These manifolds
are complements of rigid generalized...
The primary objective of a grid is to maintain a balance between generation and load. If these quantities are not in balance with each other, severe damages such as voltage fluctuations, low power quality, power outages or even cascaded blackouts may occur. Hence one of the primary factors that holds...
Limbless organisms like snakes can navigate nearly all terrain. In particular, desert-dwelling sidewinder rattlesnakes (C. cerastes) operate effectively on inclined granular media (like sand dunes) that induce failure in field-tested limbless robots through slipping and pitching. Our laboratory experiments reveal that as granular incline angle increases, sidewinder rattlesnakes increase the...
As part of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), butterflies were surveyed pre-treatment and up to four years post-treatment at 16 widely distributed sagebrush steppe sites in the interior West. Butterfly populations and communities were analyzed in response to treatments (prescribed fire, mechanical, herbicide) designed to restore sagebrush steppe...
Although short-tailed weasels (Mustela erminea) are important predators of small mammals, little is known about their space use, habitat selection, or vulnerability to predation in North America. To evaluate the effects of forest management and social structure on home range size and habitat selection of short-tailed weasels, I conducted a...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence
of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and
coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp. in bulk tank
milk samples from 288 organic and conventional dairy
farms located in New York, Wisconsin, and Oregon
from March 2009 to May 2011. Due to recent publications
reporting the presence...
Shore-based video remote sensing is used to observe and continually monitor nonlinear internal waves
propagating across the inner shelf. Month-long measurements of velocity from bottom-mounted acoustic
Doppler current profilers and temperature from thermistor chains at the 10- and 20-m isobaths are combined
with sea surface imagery from a suite of...
INTRODUCTION: Many species of ambystomatid salamanders are dependent upon highly variable temporary wetlands
for larval development. High larval densities may prompt the expression of a distinct head morphology that may
facilitate cannibalism. However, few studies have characterized structural cannibalism within natural populations of
larval salamanders. In this study we used...
Coral reef health has been in severe decline around the globe in the past several
decades, in many cases due to direct human impact. Human action, such as overfishing,
habitat destruction and nutrient loading, has caused coral coverage to drop to record lows,
threatening the future of these critically important...
Shifting the Scholarly Conversation: A Rhetorical Reading of Peter Elbow's Work explores Peter Elbow's contributions to the field of writing and rhetoric. Over the course of his long career, Elbow’s scholarly and pedagogical work has been much praised and much criticized. Elbow's work has influenced generations of teachers and writers,...
Discrete columns, such as stone and soil-cement columns, are often used to improve the liquefaction resistance of loose sandy ground. In particular, stone columns are considered to increase resistance potential by densification, drainage, and reinforcement mechanisms. For silty soil, the shear stress reduction resulting from the reinforcing effect of stiffer...
Sexual conflict over mating can result in sex specific morphologies and behaviors that
allow each sex to exert control over the outcome of reproduction. Genital traits, in
particular, are often directly involved in conflict interactions. Via genital manipulation,
we experimentally investigated whether genital traits in red-sided garter snakes influence
copulation...
Studies indicate that many cancers occur more frequently in adult males than females. This male predominance must either be due to disparate environmental exposures or innate, biologic mechanisms, or a combination of the two. Using data and statistical software from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, male:female incidence...
Ontogenetic niche theory predicts that as organisms grow they make size-specific changes in habitat use and diet to optimize growth and survival. A variety of factors contribute to growth and survival in different habitats, ultimately leading to variation in life history that can affect population dynamics. An understanding of the...
Correction:
21 Jan 2015: The PLOS ONE Staff (2015) Correction: Separate Introns Gained within Short and Long Soluble Peridinin-Chlorophyll a-Protein Genes during Radiation of Symbiodinium (Dinophyceae) Clade A and B Lineages. PLOS ONE 10(1): e0117735. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0117735
Mefenoxam and fosetyl-Al are common fungicides used to supplement
disease control of Pythium damping-off and root rot in forest nurseries
of the western United States. However, it is unknown whether fungicide-resistant Pythium isolates are present or whether new fungicide
and biological treatments might also provide supplemental disease
control. Isolates of...
A major issue in non-inferiority trials is the controversial assumption of constancy, namely that the active control has the same effect relative to placebo as in previous studies comparing the active control with placebo. The constancy assumption is often in doubt, which has motivated various methods that ‘discount’ the control...
More than 1.2 million people worldwide require regular hemodialysis therapy to treat end stage renal failure. Current hemodialysis systems are too expensive to support at-home hemodialysis where more frequent and longer duration treatment can lead to better patient outcomes. The key cost driver for hemodialysers is the cost of the...
Since 2006, French quotas are shared out into annual catch entitlements per producer organizations (PO) according a stable allocation key. On this basis, PO’s have imposed catch shares to their own members but allocation and management rules are heterogeneous between PO’s. The objective of the paper is i) to assess...
Diatoms are single celled eukaryotic microalgae that self-assemble complex SiO₂
nanostructures by sillafin proteins within their cell wall. There has been increasing
interest in mimicking the diatom’s silica self-assembly process for fabricating metal
oxide nanoparticles, namely germanium dioxide (GeO₂). GeO₂ has a higher refractive
index than silica, enabling it to...
Provides an overview of the role of selenium in the diet of livestock, and discusses selenium supplementation rates and supplementation methods. Lists guidelines for assessing livestock’s selenium status and summarizes research useful to Oregon livestock producers.
Hydrogen peroxide quantification is of broad interest due to the common use of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent in industrial processing and laboratory research. Hydrogen peroxide assays are also of general importance for biological studies aimed at understanding the role of in situ generated reactive oxygen species. In the...
The effect of bactericidal UV-C treatments (254 nm) on E. coli O157:H7 suspended in apple juice increased synergistically with temperature up to a threshold value. The optimum UV-C treatment temperature was 55 °C yielding a 58.9% synergistic lethal effect. Under these treatment conditions, the UV-heat (UV-H[subscript 55 °C]) lethal variability...
MOTIVATION: Estimation of bacterial community composition from
a high-throughput sequenced sample is an important task in
metagenomics applications. Since the sample sequence data
typically harbors reads of variable lengths and different levels of
biological and technical noise, accurate statistical analysis of such
data is challenging. Currently popular estimation methods are...
Recent geophysical and geological investigations of the Tibetan plateau have given rise to conflicting models of plateau growth and deformation, where the presence and extent of partial melt in the crust could be a determining factor. Here we investigate the attenuation structure of the crust and upper mantle, as attenuation...
Large earthquakes on mid-ocean ridge transform faults are
commonly preceded by foreshocks[superscript 1–3] and changes in the
seismic properties of the fault zone³. These seismic precursors
could be linked to fluid-related processes[superscript 2,3]. Hydrothermal
fluids within young, hot crust near the intersection of oceanic
transform faults are probably in a...
The research presented in this thesis assessed the use of high strength steel (HSS) reinforcement for use in reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns. HSS is not currently allowed in reinforced concrete bridge columns due to a lack of information on the material characteristics and performance information when used in RC...
Low-skilled and historically marginalized migrants are often seen as a drain on society and resources, leading policy makers to enact strict border measures and integration policies that are often harmful. Given the current climate of anti-immigrant sentiment and the rise of the far right in both the United States and...
Although oceanographers such as Roger Revelle are typically associated with key indicators
of anthropogenic change, he and other scientists at midcentury had very different
scientific priorities and ways of seeing the oceans. How can we join the narrative of the
triumph of mathematical, dynamic oceanography with the environmental narrative? Dynamic...
Seed dormancy has played a significant role in adaptation and evolution of seed
plants. While its biological significance is clear, molecular mechanisms underlying seed
dormancy induction, maintenance and alleviation still remain elusive. Intensive efforts
have been made to investigate gibberellin and abscisic acid metabolism in seeds, which
greatly contributed to...
We use flux, dissolution, and excess ²³⁰Th data from the Joint Global Ocean Flux Study and Manganese Nodule Project equatorial Pacific study Site C to assess the extent of sediment focusing in the equatorial Pacific. Measured mass accumulation rates (MAR) from sediment cores were compared to reconstructed MAR by multiplying...
By 1900 domestication was a promising, if somewhat vexed, subject in biology. Volumes had been written about domestication, but little serious scientific inquiry was directed toward the phenomenon. Expertise lay with practical men, primarily breeders and fanciers. The bulk of scientific commentary on domestication came from anthropologists who derived theories...
Indonesia is the biggest seaweed producer in the world. Seaweed (Eucheuma spp) has become a popular alternative livelihood activity in Indonesia as a way to diversify livelihood activities and thereby improve household livelihood outcomes with added incomes. It is relative easy form of aquaculture to implement at the producer level....
Soil food webs process the majority of terrestrial carbon, and influence overall ecosystem function. A primary distinction among soil food webs is based on fungal versus bacterial pathways of decomposition; these lead to fundamentally different soil function, and are expected to differ in dominance between meadows and forests. This assumption...
Amphorophora agathonica (Hottes) is the primary vector of aphid-transmitted viruses in red raspberry in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. To better understand the biology of the aphid, we estimated the lower developmental threshold and studied the seasonal activity of A. agathonica in commercial fields in northern Washington...
Hydroacoustic data document the occurrence of 5 flare clusters and several single flares from which bubbles rise through the entire water column from an active seep site at 40 m water depth in the central North Sea. We investigated the difference in dissolved methane distributions along a 6 km transect...
Coastal upwelling in the northern California Current
varies seasonally, with downwelling in winter and upwelling
in summer, resulting in pronounced variability in
hydrography, nutrients, phytoplankton biomass, and species
composition. Winter was characterized by moderate concentrations
of nitrate and silicate (averages of 10 and 18 μM,
respectively) and low concentrations of...
Observed changes in climate of the U.S. Pacific Northwest since the early twentieth century were examined
using four different datasets. Annual mean temperature increased by approximately 0.6°–0.8°C from 1901 to
2012, with corroborating indicators including a lengthened freeze-free season, increased temperature of the
coldest night of the year, and increased...
A floristic study of marine macrophytic algae and Cyanobacteria in the splash and intertidal zones at Luhuitou reef, Sanya Bay, Hainan Island, China, was conducted during the rainy and dry seasons of 2008-2012 utilizing 148 of the most common species. Macrophytic algal diversity increased from the splash zone to the...
Stored non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) could play an important role in tree survival in the face of a changing climate and associated stress-related mortality. We explored the effects of the stomata-blocking and defoliating fungal disease called Swiss needle cast on Douglas-fir carbohydrate reserves and growth to evaluate the extent to which...
Cotoneaster is a genus of ornamental landscape plants commonly affected by fire blight. Fire blight is a disease caused by the bacterial pathogen, Erwinia amylovora (Burrill) Winslow et al. that attacks a wide range of taxa in the apple subfamily (Maloideae; Rosaceae). To assess susceptibility of species and identify potential...
The Collection 6 (C6) MODIS (Moderate Resolution
Imaging Spectroradiometer) land and atmosphere data
sets are scheduled for release in 2014. C6 contains significant
revisions of the calibration approach to account for sensor
aging. This analysis documents the presence of systematic
temporal trends in the visible and near-infrared (500 m)
bands...