The performance of metallic-hollow-core-waveguides (MHCWs) and multimode polymer waveguides (MMPWs) are numerically evaluated using ray-tracing method for complex board level optical interconnects systems such as optical bus. Based on an ideal model neglecting the waveguide surface roughness, we find that MHCWs will provide lower optical loss for small curvature bending...
Over the last half-century, scientists and engineers have developed methods to better understand and mitigate the damage caused by tsunamis. According to U.S. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) P646, buildings in many regions including the U.S. Pacific Northwest, will experience substantial ground shaking from an offshore earthquake that precedes a...
It is the responsibility of humans, as environmental stewards, to monitor our impact on the environment so that efforts can be made to remediate the effects of our actions and change behaviors. To better understand our environmental footprint, sensitive and simple analytical methods are needed to quantify the contaminants that...