Interannual to decadal variations in Earth global temperature estimates have often been identified with El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. However, we show that variability on time scales of 2-15 years in mean annual global land surface temperature anomalies T-avg are more closely correlated with variability in sea surface temperatures...
Lower order, non-fish-bearing streams, often termed ‘‘headwater streams’’, have received minimal
research effort and protection priority, especially in mesic forests where distinction between riparian
and upland vegetation can be subtle. Though it is generally thought that breeding bird abundance is
higher in riparian zones, little is known about species distributions...
The objectives of this study were to: 1) determine how organic matter (incorporated vs. surface mulch) and nitrogen fertilization rate impact northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) plant biomass, carbon accumulation, plant losses and allocation, and mycorrhizal infection in mature plants, and 2) determine the magnitude of carbon fluxes (carbon...
Seasonal polyphenism demonstrates an organism's ability to respond to predictable environmental variation with alternative phenotypes, each presumably better suited to its respective environment. However, the molecular mechanisms linking environmental variation to alternative phenotypes via shifts in development remain relatively unknown. Here we investigate temporal gene expression variation in the seasonally...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a major concern in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. There is currently no vaccine available. While it causes a significant number of hospitalizations and complications, RSV is a thermo labile virus and not very stable in the environment. This matter complicates the creation of...
Water conservation and water quality are rapidly increasing in importance in all areas of the world. The ability to accurately measure soil water content and salinity, over a wide variety of conditions, is key to meeting this need. A set of forward prediction models and waveform interpretation algorithms to extract...
From an organizational perspective, economic incentives are often used as a tool to induce behaviors which align the goals of individuals with the organization. As a fundamental concept, varied types of merit pay have been utilized to keep organizational and individual motives in sync. This can be illustrated in contracts...
In probability and statistics, Simpson’s paradox is an apparent paradox in which a trend is present in different groups, but is reversed when the groups are combined. Joel Cohen (1986) has shown that continuously distributed lifetimes can never have a Simpson’s paradox. We investigate the same question for discrete random...
Monitoring physical activity has been a dominant topic of research for many years. Being physically active has been shown to decrease health related issues, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and even premature death. Multiple researchers have studied monitoring physical activity, but the actual method of measuring physical activity in a free-living...
Current bridge design codes do not account for the effects of duration of mega-thrust subduction zone earthquakes. Furthermore, codes and even recent performance-based design methodologies only make use of the peak response quantities (forces, displacements, and ductility demands) and do not account for the increased number of inelastic cycles that...