Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates the secretion of gonadal steroid hormones (testosterone in males and estrogen/progesterone in females) and is under negative feedback from gonadal hormones. In gonad-intact dogs, LH is secreted in low amplitude pulses of concentrations under 1 ng/mL; except for the day of the LH surge in females...
Humans benefit from being in nature and recreating, however outdoor recreation can negatively impact wildlife, including species of conservation concern such as the Pacific marten (Martes caurina). Densities of martens decline following intensive forest management activities, but impacts from recreation are relatively unstudied. My goal was to evaluate marten occupancy...
Reproductive physiology of South American camelids is unique, especially in comparison to other domestic animals. For example, mating occurs in a recumbent position over a period of approximately 30 minutes. Males are dribble ejaculators, and the camelid ejaculate is highly viscous making it nearly impossible to work with in vitro....