Replication of vaccinia virus in the cytoplasm of the
infected cell occurs under the direction of virally encoded gene
products. Expression of approximately 200 viral genes follows a
highly regulated temporal scheme which can be followed
biochemically and morphologically during the assembly process.
In order to dissect this complex genetic...
Several laboratories have shown that the VV
replication cycle is dependent on the host cell nucleus.
The basic biological observation is that if the host cell
nucleus is physically removed by cytochalasin B-mediated
enucleation, functionally inactivated by UV-irradiation, or
selectively blocked with a-amanitin, the results are the
same: W is...
Vaccinia virus gene expression is characterized by tight temporal
regulation. Viral early transcription begins within the cytoplasm upon
infection; three hours later, early genes are repressed, DNA replication
occurs and late gene expression commences. As an approach toward
understanding the mechanisms governing vaccinia late gene expression,
I have undertaken an...
The prototypal poxvirus vaccinia is a cytoplasmic-replicating DNA
virus which contains a large genome with the capacity to encode 200
polypeptides. Tight temporal regulation coordinates the expression of
this large number of genes throughout a relatively short replication
cycle. As a first step towards identifying and understanding the
regulatory mechanisms...
Humans and viral disease are inextricably intertwined. Viral disease plays an immeasurable role in human life, from the disease and economic burden associated with every facet of contending with human viral disease, to managing the consequences of viral disease in organisms important to our food supply, economy, and entertainment. The...
In this study of toxigenic and non-toxigenic strains of Clostridium
botulinum type E, attempts were made to induce toxin production
in non-toxigenic cultures by exposure to mutagenic agents
and to differentiate the organisms by immunodiffusion. First, cultures
of non-toxic Cl. botulinum type E were exposed to various
mutagenic agents in...
Thymidine kinase is a key enzyme in the nucleotide salvage pathway,
catalyzing the production of dTMP from thymidine and ATP. In order to
identify the structural features of the TK protein and/or primary amino
acid sequences which contribute to the catalytic and regulatory activities of
this enzyme, an in vitro...
The glycoprotein, G, of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, IHNV,
was shown to be the viral protein which elicits and reacts with neutralizing
antibodies. The G protein also confers protective immunity on immunized
susceptible salmonid hosts to IHNV. The other three structural proteins of
IHNV, N, Ml, and M2, do not...