Moored current, temperature, and conductivity measurements are used to study the temporal variability of M-2 internal tide generation above the Kaena Ridge, between the Hawaiian islands of Oahu and Kauai. The energy conversion from the barotropic to baroclinic tide measured near the ridge crest varies by a factor of 2...
Tidal mixing over a slope was explored using moored time series observations on Kaena Ridge extending northwest from Oahu, Hawaii, during the Survey component of the Hawaii Ocean Mixing Experiment (HOME). A mooring was instrumented to sample the velocity and density field of the lower 500 m of the water...
A high-resolution primitive equation model simulation is used to form an energy budget for the principal semidiurnal tide (M₂) over a region of the Hawaiian Ridge from Niihau to Maui. This region includes the Kaena Ridge, one of the three main internal tide generation sites along the Hawaiian Ridge and...
Closely spaced vertical profiles through the bottom boundary layer over a sloping continental shelf during relaxation from coastal upwelling reveal structure that is consistent with convectively driven mixing. Parcels of fluid were observed adjacent to the bottom that were warm (by several millikelvin) relative to fluid immediately above. On average,...
Previous work has shown that the Oregon shelf is a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) during the upwelling season; however, until now, summertime variability in CO₂ exchange and sign of the flux for the rest of the year were unknown. Observations of the partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) in...
Concentrations of domoic acid (DA) above the regulatory limit in Washington coast razor clams are usually higher on northern beaches from summer to fall. Recent field studies have confirmed that the primary source of toxic Pseudo-nitzschia (PN) cells in those seasons is a semi-retentive topographically trapped seasonal eddy located offshore...