Flux estimates show that upward mixing of the deep-water nitrate pool accounts for more than 85% of the total new nitrogen input to the euphotic zone of Crater Lake. Because measured primary productivity (360 mg C m-2 d-1) is 10–30 times higher than a level supported solely by the input...
The concentration of dissolved molybdenum has been determined in several profiles from the Northeast Pacific Ocean. The salinity-normalized concentration is essentially constant in all open-ocean samples (107 nM, lσ = 2.5 nM). The dissolved distribution is not significantly affected by biological cycling.
Although the Dunns’ learning styles and Gardner’s multiple intelligences theories are two distinct areas of research, they do not oppose each other and can be used together to improve learning. The design of this tutorial is an attempt to integrate students’ learning styles and their unique blend of intelligences in...
Oregon State University Libraries has developed a variety of digital collections that support the university‘s commitment to natural resources research. Two of these collections are the Umpqua Basin Explorer and the Middle East Water Collection. The existence of both of these digital initiatives represents the ongoing collaborative work between librarians,...
The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that NH4+ uptake by heterotrophic bacteria in the subarctic Pacific is C limited. Addition of glucose (0.5–1.0 μM) stimulated NH4+ uptake in unfractionated water but had no effect on bacterial abundance. Glucose stimulation of NH4+ uptake was even greater in...
Seasonal and diel changes in nutrient concentrations and nitrogen assimilation rates were used to assess the effects of NH4+ on NO3- assimilation. Surface-water NO3- concentrations ranged from 6 to 17 μM while NH4+ concentrations ranged from 0 to 0.4 μM. Total N assimilation ranged from 84 to 732 nM d–1...
The relative contribution of various inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen to the nitrogen requirements of picoplankton was examined with 15N tracers. Size fractionation was used to measure uptake by <1-μM size microorganisms, and inhibitors of protein synthesis were used to separate procaryotic from eucaryotic nitrogen uptake, Picoplankton utilized mainly...
Diel periodicity in NH4+ uptake and regeneration in the nutrient-rich environment of the oceanic subarctic Pacific was examined. Surface water was incubated in large shipboard microcosms that allowed repeated sampling of the planktonic community for NH4+ cycling rates, bacterial production rates, and population densities of the dominant autotrophs and heterotrophs....
Using 15N-labeled NH4+, we assessed the time-course of NH4+ uptake, the parameters of saturation kinetics, and the rates of incorporation of NH4+ into trichloroacetic acid-insoluble material by Chesapeake Bay phytoplankton. The amount of NH4+ taken up by the phytoplankton increased linearly with time for 2 h for all samples growing...
Uptake of nitrogenous nutrients by microplankton off the Washington and Oregon coasts was measured during the 1985 upwelling period. Nitrogen uptake rates in low-NO3- waters (<5 μM) were 0.020–0.258 μmol N liter-1 h-1 and were primarily supported by regenerated nitrogen (71% of total uptake). Nitrogen uptake rates in high-NO3- waters...
Axenic cultures of 25 species of unicellular marine algae were tested for their ability to utilize nine common amino acids, supplied at high concentrations in batch culture, as a nitrogen source; most species were able to use several amino acids, although growth was often slower than on nitrate nitrogen. The...
Few studies have examined the partitioning of organic matter in upwelling systems, despite the fact that these systems play a key role in carbon and nitrogen budgets in the ocean. We examined the production and partitioning of phytoplankton-derived organic matter in deck incubations off Oregon during the upwelling season. During...
Algal chlorophyll and carotenoid distributions were measured periodically in the euphotic zone of Sta. ALOHA (22º45′N, 158º00′W) between February 1989 and October 1991 to document the variability in phytoplankton abundance and composition. The annual mean depth-integrated (O-200 db) concentration of Chl a displayed significant interannual variability. Seasonal patterns in Chl...
The euphotic zone below the deep chlorophyll maximum layer (DCML) at Station ALOHA (a long-term oligotrophic habitat assessment; 22º45′N, 158º00′W) transects the nearly permanently stratified upper thermocline. Hence, seasonal changes in solar radiation control the balance between photosynthesis and respiration in this lightlimited region. Combining profiles of radiance reflectance, algal...
An attempt has been made to interbreed populations of Acartia clausi from Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and Yaquina Bay, Oregon. Individuals from these populations are morphologically similar, but differ somewhat in size. Cultures from both sources produced many successive generations in the laboratory, but interbreeding with production of viable offspring did...
The spatial distribution of plankton is highly aggregated, so one might expect that a vertically migrating animal enters a biotic environment that is markedly different each evening and that the changes in environment between daylight periods spent at depth are equally great. To measure the extent of these changes, as...
Storage lipids of fifth copepodites (C5) of Culanus finmarchicus from Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine were quantified from video images and by Iatroscan (thin-layer chromatography with flame-ionization detection, FID). Oil withdrawn from the oil sac by micropipette was pure wax ester (WE); triacylglycerols (TAG) were elsewhere in the...
It has been suggested that production in offshore waters of the subarctic Pacific is limited by availability of dissolved Fe. Although that is not yet adequately established, the functional consequences of the limitation (if it exists) can be characterized from the results of the Subarctic Pacific Ecosystem Research (SUPER) program....
Rates of molting of a specific copepodite stage can be determined by sorting the stage from a new collection, waiting, then counting the number that have molted to the next stage in the interval. In principle, stage duration can be determined as the inverse of the measured rate, and molting...
Several species of the copepod genus Acartia are shown from existing data to complete each molt-to-molt phase of the life cycle in a constant time period. This molting pattern is termed isochronal development. Increase in mass at each stage is a nearly constant fraction of the weight at the beginning...
Stratified bongo net samples taken at depths between 0 and 500 m at Ocean Station “P” in the subarctic Pacific in early July 1971 have been analyzed to determine the vertical structure of the zooplankton community. Distributions for 99 categories of animals have been grouped by factor analysis into five...
A Russian–American fieldwork effort on Lake Baikal, its tributaries, and surrounding hot springs was undertaken in June–July 1991. Here we report on aspects of major ion (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Alk, Cl–, SO42–) and several minor and trace element (Li isotopes, Sr isotopes, Ba, Al, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Ge,...
A comprehensive, joint Soviet-American study of the chemistry of Lake Baikal, the world’s deepest (1,632 m) lake, was carried out in July 1988. In this paper, we report the major, minor, and preliminary trace element concentrations for three profiles obtained at or near the deepest and central part of the...
There is considerable interest in the biogeochemical cycling of cadmium (Cd) and phosphate (PO4) in surface waters, driven in part by the ongoing development of a paleonutrient proxy that utilizes Cd preserved in fossil planktonic foraminifera to determine past PO4 utilization efficiencies in ocean surface waters. The present article reports...
Iron is recognized as a key element regulating primary production in large regions of the ocean, but nothing is known of its direct effect on higher trophic levels. Two species of heterotrophic protozoa were thus fed iron-rich and iron-poor bacterial prey and their growth and metabolism examined. Maximum growth rates...
Horizontal transects of fluorescence measurements have been used extensively to investigate phytoplankton patchiness. Variance spectra have been calculated from these data, thus quantifying spatial heterogeneity as a function of length scale. Analysis of such fieldwork and associated theoretical investigations is based on the assumption that horizontal patchiness is isotropic. Three...
Small, aloricate ciliates with equivalent spherical cell diameters <20 µm (biovolume <4,000 µm3) compose, on average, 4–57% of the total biomass of heterotrophic (apochlorotic) nanoplankton in diverse marine systems. Biomass production of nanoplanktonic ciliates in a southeastern U.S. estuary was also a significant part of the total production of heterotrophic...
We compared estimates of bacterial abundance and of average bacterial cell size based on direct counts of bacterioplankton cells stained with acridine orange (AO) or 4’-6-diamidino-2-phenylidole (DAPI). Estimates of numbers mll–1 of bacteria stained with DAPI were on average 70% (range 57–82%) of bacterial counts made with AO as the...
Pollen contamination was investigated in one block (block 4) of a 10-block Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seed orchard complex in western Oregon. Blocks (25 clones each) represent different breeding zones; thus, contaminant pollen sources not only included the adjacent natural stand of Douglas-fir, but also other blocks within the...
Abstract: Relationships between tree traits and tree value for lumber production were investigated. For the purposes of
estimating relative economic weights for use in multitrait selection in coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii
(Mirb.) Franco var. menziesii), tree height, diameter at breast height, and branch diameter were measured on 164 trees
(ages...
Abstract: Genetic variation in drought hardiness traits and their genetic correlations with growth potential and17re1c6overy
traits were investigated in 39 full-sib families of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii (Mirb.)
Franco) from southwestern British Columbia. Seedlings of these families were grown in raised nursery beds and subjected
to three moisture...
Variation in cold-hardiness traits, and their extent of genetic control and interrelationships, were investigated
among individuals (clones) within a single large full-sib family of coastal Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var.
menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) from Oregon. Cold injury to needle, stem, and bud tissues was evaluated in fall 1996 and
spring 1997...
A 200-kHz echosounder modified to digitize the envelope of the received echoes directly into a computer was used to measure the ex situ target strength (TS) of live animals from the Hawaiian mesopelagic boundary community as a function of animal size, tilt and roll angle, and biological classification. Dorsal aspect...
Acoustic backscattering strength is often used as an index of biomass; however, the relationship between these variables has not been directly validated. Relationships were investigated between acoustic cross section at 200 kHz, measured as part of a previous study, and measured values of length, biovolume, dry weight, ash-free dry weight,...
A broadband sonar system and digital camera with strobe lights were mounted on a vertically profiling frame with a depth sensor. The echo strengths and densities of animals within individual mesopelagic boundary community patches were investigated as a function of depth. Time and distance from shore were also investigated. Simultaneous...
The characteristics of acoustic echoes from six species of deep-dwelling (up to 400 m) Hawaiian Lujanid snappers were determined by backscatter measurements at the surface. A broadband linear frequency-modulated signal and a short dolphinlike sonar signal were used as the incident signals. The fish were anesthetized and attached to a...
The hypothesis that sounds produced by odontocetes can debilitate fish was examined. The effects of simulated odontocete pulsed signals on three species of fish commonly preyed on by odontocetes were examined, exposing three individuals of each species as well as groups of four fish to a high-frequency click of a...
This study presents the first target strength measurements of Dosidicus gigas, a large squid that is a key predator, a significant prey, and the target of an important fishery. Target strength of live, tethered squid was related to mantle length with values standardized to the length squared of −62.0, −67.4,...
Broadband simulated dolphin echolocation signals were used to measure the ex situ backscatter properties of mesopelagic boundary community MBC in order to gain a better understanding of the echolocation process of spinner dolphins foraging on the MBC. Subjects were captured by trawling with a 2-m-opening Isaacs-Kidd Midwater Trawl. Backscatter measurements...
Groups of spinner dolphins have been shown to cooperatively herd small prey. It was hypothesized that the strong group coordination is maintained by acoustic communication, specifically by frequency-modulated whistles. Observations of groups of spinner dolphins foraging at night within a sound-scattering layer were made with a multibeam echosounder while the...
Physical, optical, and acoustical data from Monterey Bay, California, USA, describing the distributions of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and small fish as well as gradients in the physical habitat were used to examine the interactions between vertically compressed plankton structures (thin layers), their consumers, and the local physical forces they experience. The...
An experiment was conducted to investigate the sound pressure patterns on the melon of odontocetes by using four broadband hydrophones embedded in suction cups to measure echolocation signals on the surface of the forehead of two harbor porpoises (Phocoena phocoena). It has long been hypothesized that the special lipids found...
The mesopelagic boundary community off the leeward coasts of 2 Hawaiian Islands, Oahu and Hawaii, was investigated with an echosounder modified to read directly into a laptop computer.
Acoustic sampling was conducted over a total distance of 12.6 km off the Waianae coast of Oahu and 46.3 km off the...
The roles of nocturnal light and lunar phase in the diel migration of micronekton from a nearshore scattering layer were examined. Migration patterns were measured over six complete lunar cycles using moored upwardlooking echosounders while nocturnal surface irradiance was recorded. We hypothesized that animals would remain at a constant isolume...
The target strengths and swimbladder morphology of six snapper species were investigated using broadband sonar, x rays, and swimbladder casts. Backscatter data were obtained using a frequency-modulated sweep ~60–200 kHz! and a broadband, dolphinlike click ~peak frequency 120 kHz! from live fish, mounted and rotated around each of their three...
Usability, user studies, and evaluating user experiences have been a part of academic libraries for many years. In the last 20 years libraries have created ad hoc usability teams to do user studies. Oregon State University (OSU) Libraries started its ongoing team in 2006, resulting in an increased focus on...
Blood levels of the egg yolk precursor vi-
tellogenin (VTG) can be used as a definitive marker for
the onset and progress of maturation in female teleosts.
In the present study, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay (ELISA) was developed to measure VTG in blood
plasma from three species of temperate basses....
On September 10, 2008, the Oregon State University (OSU) Libraries shut its doors for the annual In-Service Day event. Eighty employees from all three OSU libraries gathered at the Valley Library on the OSU main campus. Karyle Butcher, university librarian, strongly supports this annual event planned by library staff for...
ticTOCs, a new journal table of contents service, provides users a free resource for managing RSS feeds for new content from selected journals. This service could be used as a complement and in some cases as an alternative to other table of contents providers. Using RSS feeds provided by publishers,...
In July 2005, the Oregon State University Libraries began accepting electronic versions of student theses and dissertations into ScholarsArchive@OSU, the library’s institutional repository. By January 2007, all Oregon State University graduate students were required to deposit their final research. This paper compares past processes and workflows for print theses and...
The U.S. Forest Service administers the world's largest forestry research organization. From its modest
beginning in 1876, some 30 years before the United States national forest system was established, the research
branch has devoted its effort to meet current and future information needs of the forestry community of the
United...
Librarians at Oregon State University (OSU) Libraries used the discussion board features of Blackboard courseware to create an interactive experience for graduate students at a distance who could not attend the on-campus “Literature Review Workshops.” These recently developed workshops have been extremely popular with graduate students across the disciplines and...
This article describes a technique using the Thomson Reuters' Journal Citation Reports and the SHERPA RoMEO Web site to identify a set of core journals in a discipline and determine whether the journals' publishers allow preprint or postprint archiving in their copyright transfer agreements.
This article presents a case study of how Oregon State University Libraries (OSUL) organized to accomplish digitization activities. Digitization activities are broken down into 6 major categories: management, copyright, digital imaging, metadata, hardware/software/web design, and selection. The OSUL departments responsible for tasks within each of these sets of responsibilities are...
Since September 2006, the Oregon State University (OSU) Archives has concentrated on the preparation of collection-level finding aids for all new collections received by the Archives and for collections that have no descriptive information available online. This article presents a preliminary analysis of the results of this approach, demonstrates the...
This article considers the evolutionary pressures that have brought us to our present state and how these forces will likely change, with a focus on U.S. institutional structures.
Includes articles of incorporation of Corvallis College, August, 1868; supplementary articles of incorporation of Corvallis College, December 30; report of the committee upon the title to the college farm, August 9, 1884.
A. Introduction pg. 781
-- B. Zostera japonica pg. 781
-- C. Intertidal Macrophyton pg. 783
-- D. Tides and Seiches pg. 786
-- E. Figure and Tables pg. 788
-- F. Acknowledgments pg. 793
Literature Cited pg. 793
Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) had two different seasonal patterns of occurrence at Yaquina Estuary. At embayment areas with eelgrass (Zostera marina), Brant typically arrived between October 22 and November 4, Brant numbers progressively climbed in November, Brant abundance in December-January was relatively constant, and Brant numbers often fluctuated greatly...
Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans) distribution was monitored and eelgrass beds (Zostera marina) were mapped during the spring migration of 1976. Brant used eelgrass areas significantly, and human disturbance and tide height were important factors influencing Brant distribution and activity.
Janet Lamberson noted the presence of birds around her home during 1985-1990. She noted 10-33 species each month, 48-57 species each year, and a total of 72 species overall. 63 species were terrestrial birds, most of which were observed in all six years of her observations.
The semimonthly occurrence for...
The purpose of this paper is to provide my results about the nesting of Double-crested Cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) and Brandt's Cormorant (P. penicillatus) in Tillamook and Lane Counties.
This compilation is meant only to be a guide because it is imperfect. I gathered these citations during a single search of the sources cited in section B; ideally, I would have gone through all those sources again to perhaps find records that I missed or to correct errors that...
I conducted 14-22 waterbird and raptor censuses each year from 1992-1995 during late April or early May through October. I observed 44 waterbird and 13 raptor species, including hatch year individuals of seven waterbird species. The records for each census are given.
John H. Wampole's list of the birds of the Coos Bay area from 1958-59 is one of few such compilations from that region, and the only reasonably accessible one from its era except for Giesler (1952), which covered only the Cape Arago region. Wampole's list has been circulating informally as...
This paper supersedes and significantly revises my compilation of 1992. The focus remains on live birds seen on or from land, but special codes are now given for records of species only reported beached or at sea.
Additionally, confirmation codes are now listed for records of some rare species and...
The impetus for this Project began in 1968-1973 with birders at the Marine Science Center (MSC). But in the past 10 or so years the focus has shifted to a county group, Yaquina Birders & Naturalists. 120 individuals or couples have each contributed 100 or more records with 51% of...
The monthly occurrence of subspecies for 18 terrestrial species are given. The greatest differences in seasonal status appear to be among subspecies of the American Robin, Yellow-rumped Warbler, Savannah Sparrow, Song Sparrow, and Dark-eyed Junco.
There were 21 days with observations during 30 January-21 May 1974. Herons were already displaying on January 30, so nesting activity can occur much earlier than has been supposed. A yearling was often seen at the nests, but most nesting activity was by adults. Although eggs were laid in at...
The results of 703 observations are given; most of these were made in the 1930's by James Macnab, Jane Claire Dirks-Edmunds, Dorothy McKey-Fender, and others. These results are the most comprehensive throughout the year for any site above 1,000 ft in Lincoln County and hint that bird communities at sites...
612 Harlequin Duck records are given for Lincoln County, and another 74 records are listed for other coastal counties. In Lincoln County, Harlequins are found mostly in winter, there were often more males than females, the most ever counted was 14, and there is no indication that they nested.
In...
From 25 April through 30 October 1992, I conducted 14 waterbird and raptor censuses at Cabell Marsh. I observed 33 waterbird taxa and seven raptor species, including hatch-year individuals of five waterbird species. The records for each census are given.
These observations were sporadically made at my home in 1975-1977 and 1982. In spite of their casual nature, this article gives some information about the seasonal status of species at this site.
This is a continuation of Faxon and Bayer (1991), which summarized Faxon's 1973-1990 observations. In 1991, Faxon made observations during 168 days and recorded 111 species. Monthly frequencies of occurrence are given for each species.
In 1984-1986, Bayer made 171 and 67 waterbird censuses at West Pond and East Pond, respectively. From 1974 through June 1992, Bayer and others also made an additional 138 and 110 observations at West Pond and East Pond, respectively. A total of 48 waterbird taxa were reported at West Pond,...
There were 5,776 records during 1981-1986 observations, with 99% of these observations during Schrock's systematic 1982-1985 observations. He found 32 waterbird and 99 landbird species. 16% of the waterbird species were noted each year during 1982-1985, and 58% of the landbirds were recorded each year. Semimonthly summaries of the observations...
This article includes 609 observations, 531 of which were by Llewellyn. This article is an amalgamation of incidental records for various specific and general areas.
This article is based on a total of 204 observations, many of which were censuses.
Between Siletz River Mile (RM) 50.0 and 50.6, Llewellyn made 151 observations of waterbirds during 1981-1993. He noted a total of 12 species; most were seen during several years. Hooded and Common mergansers and American...
This article is based on a total of 353 observations, many of which were systematic censuses.
At West Beaver Pond, Llewellyn made 225 observations of waterbirds during 1982-June 1993. He noted a total of 19 taxa; 53% were seen in five or more of the 10 years with many observations....
Expectations for technology proficiency in counseling and counselor education have increased; nevertheless, very little information is available in the counseling literature which describes how to effectively evaluate online resources from a design and utility standpoint. This study provides a model for such assessments, employing an affordable small scale usability study...
This article details the development of the Library Instruction Wiki (http://instructionwiki.org): an effort to develop a web-based, knowledge sharing resource. Though some library instruction is specific to a given institution or class, much of what instruction librarians teach is similar. Library instructors have repeatedly expressed the desire to share resources,...
At Oregon State University (OSU), writing instructors and librarians collaboratively teach research writing and information literacy in first year composition courses (FYC). A four-week unit focuses on the connections between critical thinking, writing and learning, and information literacy. This paper describes the process of developing, implementing, and refining this collaborative...
The ALCTS Technical Services Administrators of Medium-Sized Research Libraries Discussion Group discussed several topics within an overarching theme at the 2006 annual conference in New Orleans: “Threats to and Opportunities for Technical Services Departments”. Topics discussed within that general theme included: Future of the Catalog, Future of Cataloging as a...
Oregon State University’s recent response to the crisis in scholarly communications recognizes that teaching faculty must be involved in communicating an appropriate response to their faculty colleagues. As authors, editors, and peer reviewers, direct faculty action can encourage publishers to lower costs and can enhance the availability of research. The...
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to examine trace element concentration in treerings over three and half centuries to assess macro-trends of environmental change. Tree-rings of a 350+ year old mammoth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) were analyzed for element concentration and evaluated versus local and global historical events....
The absence of a direct, long-term measure of individual Steller sea lion survival led to the development of implanted, delayed transmission satellite tags specifically for this species (Life History Transmitter, LHX). To assess possible effects of implant procedures and LHX tags, we undertook a two-stage approach to monitor: 1) immediate...
Myosins are actin-based molecular motors that may have specialized trafficking and contractile functions in cytoskeletal compartments that lack microtubules. The postsynaptic excitatory synapse is one such specialization, yet little is known about the spatial organization of myosin motor proteins in the mature brain. We used a proteomics approach to determine...