Reservoirs play a critically important role in supplying water for human uses. However, sedimentation limits storage capabilities and increases risk for aging infrastructure. The objectives of this paper are to synthesize both general sediment management strategies and past sediment management efforts in Taiwan in order to identify the barriers to...
The Bering Sea ecosystem has experienced significant climatic and biological shifts
over the past 3 decades, including temporal and spatial fluctuations of jellyfish biomass. Jellyfish
are important predators and competitors of fish; thus, it is critical to understand the effects of environmental
factors on their population dynamics. We explored the...
We experimentally demonstrate highly efficient coupling into a slow light slotted photonic crystal waveguide. With optical mode converters and group index tapers that provide good optical mode matching and impedance matching, a nearly flat transmission over the entire guided mode spectrum of 68.8 nm range with 2.4 dB minimum insertion...
For many organisms, the reconstruction of source-sink dynamics is hampered by limited knowledge of the spatial
assemblage of either the source or sink components or lack of information on the strength of the linkage for any source-sink
pair. In the case of marine species with a pelagic dispersal phase, these...
Resonance enhancement has been increasingly employed in the emergent femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) to selectively monitor molecular structure and dynamics with improved spectral and temporal resolutions and signal-to-noise ratios. Such joint efforts by the technique- and application-oriented scientists and engineers have laid the foundation for exploiting the tunable FSRS...
In this study we investigated the role of astragaloside IV (AS-IV), one of the major active constituents purified from the Chinese
medicinal herb Astragalus membranaceus, in LPS-induced acute inflammatory responses in mice in vivo and examined possible
underlying mechanisms. Mice were assigned to four groups: vehicle-treated control animals; AS-IV-treated animals...
We made stable and rapid-responding pH and pCO2 microelectrodes. The pH microelectrode has a ~100-μm-diameter half-sphere bulb tip of pH glass, and the pCO2 sensor has a 200–300-μm-diameter silicone-membrane covered tip. Because the pH microelectrodes have electrical resistances that arc > 1O[to the tenth] ohms, all electrical connections are kept...
Thiamin is an essential nutrient in the human diet. Severe thiamin deficiency leads to beriberi, a lethal disease which is common in developing countries. Thiamin biofortification of staple food crops is a possible strategy to alleviate thiamin deficiency-related diseases. In plants, thiamin plays a role in the response to abiotic...
We, for the first time, employ magnesiothermic reaction to convert microwave-irradiated graphite oxide to pure graphene. The magnesiothermic reaction raises the carbon to oxygen atomic ratio from 22.2 to 165.7 and maintains a high surface area. The new strategy demonstrates an efficient method for obtaining highly pure graphene materials.
Mud volcanoes (MVs) are considered as important methane (CH₄) sources for the
atmosphere; gas is not only released from macroseepage, i.e., from craters and visible gas bubbling
manifestations, but also from invisible and pervasive exhalation from the ground, named miniseepage.
CH₄ flux related to miniseepage was measured only in a...