Llamas (Lama glama) appear to have predisposing anatomical features for developing
otitis media such as a long and narrow external acoustic meatus and a trabecular
tympanic bulla. However, there is limited information available about the morphology of
the ear in this species. The aim of this study was to evaluate...
Solid-state esophageal manometry was used to study physiology of the normal llama esophagus. Esophageal baseline pressures, esophageal response to water swallows and to balloon distention, and other motor activity of the esophagus during experiments were measured throughout the entire length of the esophagus. Gross and histologic anatomy, muscle fiber type...
