An impact survey to determine extent and distribution of root disease centers was completed for the Nezperce National Forest, Idaho, in 1980. Lowlevel
color infrared photography was used to delineate root disease centers
within National Forest inventory subcompartments. Suspected root disease
centers were ground checked to determine associated fungi and...
Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) is used to characterize amorphous and crystalline thin films of TiO2. Amorphous precursor films of TiO2 are deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on fused silica and silicon substrates. Annealing the amorphous precursor films induces them to crystallize into either pure or mixed phases of the three...
Methods used to establish permanent plots in precommercially thinned and unthinned stands to monitor root disease development are described. Plots were established in 22 Armillaria-infested stands in northern Idaho and western Montana. The proportion of trees dead and infected was significantly higher for planted than for natural regeneration at the...
Studies on hydromineral balance in fishes frequently employ measurements of electrolytes following euthanasia. We tested the effects of fresh- or salt-water euthanasia baths of tricaine mesylate (MS-222) on plasma magnesium (Mg²⁺) and sodium (Na⁺) ions, cortisol and osmolality in fish exposed to saltwater challenges, and the ion and steroid hormone...
In this study, we characterize the behavioral response of larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) to the noxious chemical allyl isothiocyanate (AITC), an agonist of the nociceptive TRPA1 ion channel, and utilize AITC as an aversive stimulus in an associative learning paradigm. We find that larvae exposed to AITC in both a...
Grapes (e.g. Vitis vinifera L.) are one of the more important fruit crops from an economic standpoint with world market values over 550 million US dollars in 2007 and 2008, second to apples (United States Department of Agriculture). While a satisfactory level of ripeness is of primary concern, the quality...
This qualitative study investigated the sibling relationship as it was described through the voices of the children. Ten sibling dyads (brother-sister or brother-brother) involved in family treatment following the discovery of sibling incest were interviewed. Participants in this study were participants in an outpatient clinic in the Northwest during the...