The importance of pheromones in insect control relies both on
their ability to reduce pest populations and on their relatively benign
effects on nontarget organisms. This study was conducted to test the
effectiveness of a pheromone application for mating disruption of the
ponderosa pine tip moth, Rhyacionia zozana (Kearfott), and...
Pheromones are chemical cues produced by organisms that affect the behavior and/or physiology of conspecifics. The orchestration of reproductive behaviors in many animals depends on the expression of sex pheromones. In insects, intraspecific variation in sex pheromone expression is commonly observed and often influences social interactions between individuals. To what...
Honey bees mark artificial flowers with scents that
advertise about the previous history of the flower to
subsequent foragers. Unrewarding flowers are marked with a
scent, after a single visit, that makes the flower less
attractive to subsequent foragers. Previously rewarding
flowers are initially less attractive than unvisited
flowers but...
An ancient pheromonal signal is found in aquatic courting salamandrids and terrestrial courting plethodontids, two highly divergent salamander families. In the aquatic courting salamandrids Cynops pyrrhogaster and C. ensicauda, the decapeptide sodefrin is cleaved from a larger 189 amino acid Sodefrin Precursor Factor (SPF) protein and released from a gland...
Animal signaling systems frequently utilize multiple traits to produce and transmit a signal. These system elements may span multiple levels of organization. Functional integration of these traits may be expected to generate concordance in evolutionary pattern among system elements, such that evolutionary change in one system component is correlated with...
Chemoreception is one of the dominant sensory modalities for many species of salamanders (reviewed in Chapter 2). At least seven of the ten currently recognized salamander families are known to respond to some sort of chemical cue. These responses are as varied as delaying hatching, seeking refuge, or initiating aggressive...
The Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins) can kill large numbers of Douglas-fir trees (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) across a landscape during periods of population outbreaks. High-value individual trees and small stands can be protected from Douglas-fir beetle infestation during outbreaks by applying the anti-aggregation pheromone, MCH (3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one). MCH treatments are...