Beer, nonfat dry milk, fried bacon and microwave baked fish were
treated under simulated gastric and extreme nitrosation conditions to
estimate their capacity for generation of endogenously formed
N-nitrosamines. The level of nitrosamines in beer increased from 0.1
ppb N-nitrosodimethylamine to 0.4 ppb N-nitrosodimethylamine (p < 0.05) under simulated gastric...
The reactions between sodium nitrite and the polyamines
spermidine and spermine were investigated. When reacted at 80°C
for 1 hr at pH 3.5 with a 1:3 molar ratio of amine groups to sodium
nitrite, five volatile nitrosamines were identified as products in the
nitrosation of spermidine. 3HC1, and two volatile...
The malt alkaloids N-methyltyramine, N,N-dimethyltyramine
(hordenine), N-methyl-3-aminomethylindole and N,N-dimethyl-3-aminomethylindole
(gramine) are known precursors for N-nitrosamines.
Analytical procedures were developed and applied to extract and
quantify these alkaloids from malt, green malt, malt roots, and
raw barley. A ground malt sample under nitrogen atmosphere was
extracted with 5 percent concentrated ammonium...
The purpose of this study was to characterize the nonvolatile,
water soluble, bis(hydroxyalkyl)N-nitrosamines produced from the
reaction of spermidine and nitrite.
The biologically occurring polyamine spermidine was reacted
with nitrite in the presence of acid. The reaction products were
isolated and converted to trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatives. The
derivatized products were...
Dimethylamine (DMA), in addition to the alkaloids hordenine
and gramine, has been suggested as a potential precursor of nitrosodimethylamine
(NDMA) in malt. Analytical procedures were adopted
and applied to extract and quantify DMA from malt, green malt,
malt roots and raw barley. Ground malt was extracted at room
temperature with...
A dose related carcinogenic response was established for dimethylnitrosamine
administered in the diet of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri).
An equation was derived for the relationship between dose and hepatocellular
carcinoma incidence. From a published dose response study
using Porton rats as a test animal, a second equation was derived
for...
The formation of 3-hydroxy-N-nitrosopyrrolidine from decarboxylation
of 4-hydroxy-N-nitrosoproline was demonstrated in model
heating system designed to simulate the conditions of frying bacon.
The identification of the nitrosamine was achieved by comparison of
its TLC R [subscript f] value, gas chromatographic retention time, and mass
spectral fragmentation pattern with those of...
Porapak Q, Chromosorb 102, and Tenax GC, three porous
polymers commonly used as adsorbents in headspace analyses were
investigated. The retention times of various low-boiling compounds
relative to water were measured on the collection columns to determine
which compounds would be lost during the water removal step
employed after sampling...
Amines formed by biosynthesis in germinated barley have been
suggested as precursors for N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in barley
malt dried by direct-fired kilning. This hypothesis was verified by
germinating raw barley and exposing the resulting malt roots and
clean malt to nitrous acid. Quantitation of the NDMA formed indicated
that malt...