Bone is much more than a simple, static organ. While its classical functions of mineral storage, organ protection, and locomotion still hold true, further studies into the skeleton have revealed a dynamic system capable of signaling, communication, remodeling, and responding to various stimuli. Overall skeletal health is critically important to...
Bloomy rind cheeses, including Camembert and Brie type cheeses, are highly susceptible to contamination by environmental pathogens during their manufacture and ripening. These cheeses undergo many physiochemical changes during ripening that provides these pathogens with a suitable environment to grow. One example of this change is an increase of pH...
Oregon State laboratories are responsible for a significant portion of the university’s overall resource and energy consumption, and therefore minimizing waste in a sustainable way should be a top priority for the university while aiming for carbon neutrality by 2025. This study addresses major factors that should be considered when...
Globally, the number of threatened species is increasing and conserving them is a high priority to the scientific community. Assessing the status of these protected species is challenging due to missing, contested, and or contradictory data streams. Integrated models (IMs) provide a statistical framework for combining disparate data sources to...
Biotic and abiotic processes at continent-ocean interfaces cycle a disproportionate mass of carbon and nutrients relative to their global surface area, and microbial activity is a principal determinant of organic and inorganic matter flux in these transition zones. Most studies using modern high-throughput ‘omics techniques to link microorganisms with costal...
Marine sediments contain an abundance of methane that is biologically produced
and plays a significant role in the global carbon cycle. Microbes responsible for the
carbon cycle in marine sediments, and the processes that they carry out, need to be
characterized in order to fully understand the role of this...
Load flow studies are one of the most essential engineering applications for grid operators because they provide a clear picture of the operating conditions of the power system. Traditionally, the load flow problem is assumed to be deterministic; that is, the system variables contain no randomness. Unfortunately, this assumption is...
Rhizopus microsporus is a globally ubiquitous opportunistic human and plant pathogen that is known to harbor endosymbiotic bacteria. Differences between populations of clinical and environmental R. microsporus isolates have yet to be assessed on a global scale. Whole-genome sequence data were used to explore fungal biology and to assess potential...
Development of new research tools is needed to better understand the potential effects of a noisier ocean on individual and populations of marine mammals. Current behavioral response studies utilize ship-mounted sound sources to induce short-term noise-related behavioral responses in tagged animals. Combining the tag with the sound source into an...
The production of Cheddar cheese is a complex process with multiple potential sources of undesirable bacteria, including those that have negative impacts on product quality (spoilage organisms) and those that are used to evaluate sanitary conditions in the production environment (indicator organisms). The dairy industry commonly uses coliform bacteria as...
Poor material utilization is inherent to conventional manufacturing processes, leading to high material waste and machining times. Additive manufacturing processes attempt to solve this issue by allowing production of near-net shapes, but the processes may be too expensive or infeasible. By leveraging both processes in a single part, the waste...
Recent advancements in joining operations and additive manufacturing now allow complex metal parts to be built up from raw materials, as opposed to being machined down from solid blocks. This not only opens up the design space, but also allows for much more efficient manufacturing. By decomposing a complex part...
Depletion-Based Stock Reduction Analysis (DB-SRA; Dick and MacCall, 2011) is a catch-only fisheries stock assessment model that has been developed to estimate an overfishing limit (OFL) in data-poor situations. DB-SRA projects the biomass trajectories of a stock by means of a catch time series and five parameters: the instantaneous, per...
New low enriched uranium (LEU) fuels are being developed for replacement of high enriched uranium (HEU) fuels in high power research reactors. U-Mo LEU plate fuels have been identified as a candidate for replacement of current HEU fuels. However, U-Mo fuels tend to exhibit accelerated swelling typically at fission densities...
The forest sector forms an important part of Oregon’s economy, especially in rural communities. However, the economic performance and development of the sector are subject to both significant natural disturbances and to new and existing policies. The most common and disastrous natural disturbances in Oregon are wildfires. The Biscuit Fire...
Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) materials are emerging as an effective means of strengthening and rehabilitating bridges. Near surface mounting (NSM) is a newer technique for application of CFRP for retrofitting of bridge members that provides advantages over conventional strengthening techniques. The technique is still new and uncertainties remain regarding...
We give a new characterization of elements in the Veech group of a translation surface. This provides a computational test for Veech group membership. We use this computational test in an algorithm that detects when the Veech group is a lattice (has co-finite area), and in this case computes a...
This thesis presents the assessment of the Multi Application Small Light Water Reactor (MASLWR) containment design during steady-state and transient conditions. The MASLWR project is a joint effort between Idaho National Environmental and Engineering Laboratory (INEEL), NEXANT Bechtel, and Oregon State University. The project is funded under a Nuclear Energy...
Pasteurization is an effective method of reducing risks associated with foodborne pathogens in raw milk. Cheese made from raw milk has a higher potential to harbor harmful bacterial pathogens. However, some cheesemakers prefer to use unpasteurized milk to preserve the natural microflora present in the raw milk and to prevent...
River impoundment by dams, along with other human driven changes, has threatened the health of riparian forests in the northern Great Plains for much of the last century. Two major concerns in the region are the impediment of natural recruitment of plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides Marsh. subsp. monilifera (Ait.) Eckenw.)...
Three samples of the biopolymer hyaluronic acid (HA) were characterized in the following manner: the molecular weights were obtained via multi-angle laser light scattering; the intrinsic viscosities were calculated through dilute solution viscometry, and the rheology of HA solutions was determined with constant rate rotational viscometry and dynamical mechanical testing....
The design of mixed-signal integrated circuits has evolved from simple analog and digital circuits operating on the same silicon substrate to the point that now we have complete system on a chip solutions for communication systems. The levels of integration needed to remain cost effective in today's integrated circuit (IC)...
Because of its attractive material properties like high hardness, high toughness, and excellent high temperature strength, materials like silicon nitride are becoming more common for use in high performance applications. However, there have been limited studies of the fatigue behavior of small cracks in silicon nitride and other materials toughened...
The amount and distribution of neutral and adaptive genetic diversity are often assumed to follow similar patterns. However, natural selection on adaptive loci may cause divergence from patterns observed for loci which are only influenced by selectively neutral processes such as genetic drift. The interaction between selection and neutral processes...
Developmental mathematics and the completion of degrees have been at the forefront of community colleges in recent years. Positive psychology has given rise to the Broaden-and-Build Theory of Positive Emotions. The purpose of this study is to study the relationship between positive emotions and developmental mathematics achievement at the community...
In this study, LIDAR, light detection and ranging, was examined as to its ability to
depict the existence of forest roads and 'legacy' roads. LIDAR is most often used to
'see' though the trees or vegetation to get an accurate representation of the terrain. As
opposed to trying to remove...
This thesis is the combination of two research publications working toward a unified strategy in which to represent complex engineered systems as complex networks. Current engineered system modeling techniques segment large complex models into multiple groups to be simulated independently. These methods restrict the evaluations of such complex systems as...
Learning assistant (LA) programs are gaining increasing popularity as a means to shift instructional practice in STEM classrooms. In these programs, trained undergraduate students join the instructional team and support student-centered active learning pedagogies. Their professional development is typically supported through a seminar. In facilitating small group collaborative learning, LAs...
Detecting gravitational waves is a topic at the forefront of physics. The first gravitational wave was detected by LIGO in 2015. This wave had a frequency in the 10s of Hz. This project is focused on detecting gravitational waves on the nanohertz spectrum using a pulsar timing array. This array...
Marginalized groups in the United States are often diagnosed with hypertension at younger ages, contributing to their excess burden of cardiovascular disease. These disparities in blood pressure control do not appear to be fully accounted for by individual risk factors, such as health behaviors or genetic differences. Experiences of discrimination...
The coronavirus pandemic and its associated public health response resulted in disruptions in daily life as well as financial and other insecurities. This corresponded with an increase in adverse mental health outcomes in adolescents in the United States, including a temporary increase in suicidal ideation and behaviors. The pandemic also...
Bloomy rind cheeses, including Camembert and related varieties, can he produced using alternative processes that vary based on milk preacidification, cutting, curd handling, and ripening parameters. Modification of these parameters creates distinct cheeses such as lactic curd, stabilized curd, and hybrids of the two. The objective of this study was...
Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential agent of the innate immune system which exhibits multi-mechanistic antimicrobial activity. Previously, increased antimicrobial activity against E. coli with nitric oxide releasing nanoparticles (NO-np) was demonstrated when combined with glutathione, versus NO-np alone, due to formation of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), a potent transnitrosylating agent. To...
Background: Peptide-conjugated phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers (PPMOs) are synthetic DNA/RNA analogs that silence expression of specific genes. We studied whether PPMOs targeted to essential genes in Acinetobacter lwoffii and A. baumannii are active in vitro and in vivo. Methods: PPMOs were evaluated in vitro using MIC and viability assays, and in...
Structured Abstract -
OBJECTIVE:
To assess the effect of transfusion using a syringe and microaggregate filter on short-term
survival and circulating half-life of autologous feline RBCs.
DESIGN:
Prospective, internally controlled, observational study.
SETTING:
A University Teaching Hospital
ANIMALS:
Six apparently healthy, owned pet cats.
INTERVENTIONS:
Blood collection by jugular venipuncture....
We have investigated the depinning process of magnetic flux vortices in twinned crystals of YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋δ in intermediate applied magnetic fields parallel to the crystallographic c axis through precise resistivity measurements before and after fast-neutron irradiation. Of particular interest for each field is the power-law dependence of the electric field on...
We studied the reliability and validity of the Columbia Suicide Severity Scale (C-SSRS).
Severely delinquent adolescent girls (n = 166) participated in a treatment trial and repeated
assessments over time. Lifetime suicide attempt history was measured using the C-SSRS in early
adulthood (n = 144; 7–12 years post-baseline). Nonclinician raters...
We have investigated a second-order phase transition of the vortex lattice in thin-film Nd₁.₈₅Ce₀.₁₅CuO[subscript 4-y] from 1 mT to 1 T applied magnetic fields. The dc resistivity-current density data for each field exhibit critical scaling consistent with a second-order vortex-liquid to vortex-solid phase transition. The high-field data support the vortex-glass...
In theory, evolutionary modularity allows anatomical structures to respond differently to selective regimes, thus promoting morphological diversification. These differences can then influence the rate and direction of phenotypic evolution among structures. Here we use geometric morphometrics and phenotypic matrix statistics to compare rates of craniofacial evolution and estimate evolvability in...
A major focus in macroecology is to understand the mechanisms that drive differences in habitat, morphology, and behavior in closely related species (Brown 1995). Within this paradigm, energy use and prey acquisition play a fundamental role in affecting behavior, especially with respect to foraging patterns and predator‐prey interactions. Because resources...
Resilience is a key driver in the design of systems that must operate in an uncertain operating environment, and is a key metric to assess the capacity for systems to perform within the specified performance envelop despite disturbances to their operating environment. This paper describes a graph spectral approach to...
Energy security is a vital but often unmet requirement for community resiliency. Electricity availability is essential to the functioning of the economy, individual households, and the collective essential services that provide health, safety, and the basic human needs to sustain life. Coastal communities in Oregon face special vulnerability because they...
We have measured voltage-current characteristics for YBa₂Cu₃O₇ thin films in magnetic fields from 5
T to ambient, including some in the millitesla range. In all cases, the resistivity —current density isotherms
can be separated into two classes: those which exhibit upward curvature, and have constant
resistivity at low currents, and...
While there has been growing interest in the gut microbiome in recent years, it remains unclear whether closely related species and strains have similar or distinct functional roles and if organisms capable of both aerobic and anaerobic growth do so simultaneously. To investigate these questions, we implemented a high-throughput mass...