Science is one of the fundamental building blocks of modern societies, and though some science topics are easily accepted by public audiences, others generate intense social controversy by challenging beliefs that are fundamental to a person’s, or group’s, identity. The Theory of Evolution is one of these “hot-button” issues, as...
Natural resource decisions require consideration at many levels, ranging from how one invertebrate will be affected by a nearby road, to how an entire watershed will be transformed by a massive clearcut. Considerations reach farther than just the local ecological community-human communities, economies, and future impacts on the communities and...
Research across natural resource management disciplines has identified an implementation gap between researchers and managers, where institutional norms and practices limit the application and synthesis of novel data and observations in decision-making. With their increasing social media and internet presence, federal agencies have grown their communication portfolios past traditional communication...
A 2014 Pew Research poll revealed large gaps between public opinion and scientific opinion over environmental and biomedical issues (Funk and Rainie). Similarly, a number of recent popular books have described a growing public mistrust in scientific expertise (Mooney; Storr; Specter). Why is it, then, that so much of the...
Funding agencies, specifically the National Science Foundation (NSF), are placing particular emphasis on the societal relevance and broader applications of scientific research, otherwise known as Broader Impacts (BIs). Scientists are required to address the BIs merit review criterion in their research proposals or they will not get funded. However, many...
The overarching purpose of this study is to examine the communication implications of a
self-proclaimed consensual organization (IT) within a classical organizational
environment. The literature review of relevant theory and research covers both
hierarchical and consensual organizations viewed via the classical, human relations, and
system perspectives. The researcher compares organizational...
Communication plays an important role in the life
of a couple. This study seeks to determine the nature of
couple communication. This study compares and contrasts
the differences and similarities in communication between
childless couples and parenting couples. The material
for this study comes from interviewing ten married
couples along...
Perspective-taking has been defined as the tendency
to take the point of view of another, to put oneself in
the psychological shoes of another. This ability has
been argued to be an important component of social
interaction. This research examined three components of
perspective-taking: a general measure of perspective
taking...
This paper investigates the nature of disputants'
stories within the context of divorce mediation. Tapes
and transcripts of actual mediation sessions from three
different sources are scrutinized, utilizing a modified
form of conversation analysis known as ethnography of
speaking. Several themes emerge from this analysis of
disputants' stories: the functions...
Published September 1964. Reprinted June 1971. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Communication is basic to a relationship. What is communication? The word means “to make common.” It is the process of interacting, of creating and negotiating meanings. Your feelings,
communication style, family of origin,gender, and culture all affect your communication.
The primary objective of this investigation was to offer a marriage
enrichment workshop enabling the participants to increase their
communication and problem solving skills, and the prevention of future
marital distress through an educational experience.
Marital communication and marital adjustment scores were
obtained from an experimental group consisting of 16...
Debugging, the process of locating and correcting errors in a computer
program, is a common programming task that is not well understood. Of the
several debugging studies reported in the literature, most compared the performance
differences between expert and novice programmers by measuring
their debug time and the number of...
End users develop more software than any other group of programmers, using software authoring devices such as e-mail filtering editors, by-demonstration macro builders, and spreadsheet environments. Despite this, there has been only a little research on finding ways to help these programmers with the dependability of the software they create....
End-user programmers, because they are human, make mistakes. However, past research has not considered how visual end-user debugging devices could be designed to ameliorate the effects of mistakes. This paper empirically examines oracle mistakes mistakes users make about which values are right and which are wrong to reveal differences in...
Small business energy analysts often specialize in one aspect of the business. This specialized focus is done by necessity due to scarcity of resources and to maintain a proprietary market niche. However, this specialized focus results in a growth inhibitor due to their lack of ability to address all the...
An interior design project was completed by the researcher on the
campus of Oregon State University. The purpose of the project was to
participate in, direct and record the design process of an interior design project
with an emphasis on the use of graphic communication methods.
A chronology detailed the...
This study examines the self-reported behavior and ideals of a
sample of upper level managers, in relation to conflict management
with subordinates.
A survey developed by the author, which measures directive and
participative managerial behavior and ideals, was sent to a randomly
selected sample of 250 female and 250 male...
Published January 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
Revised June 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog
What do kids have to say? A lot. But many parents think they have nothing to learn from their children. Some even assume they know just what their children are thinking and feeling most of the time.
And so instead of listening, they talk. Instead of watching, they ignore. They...
The study of variational typing originated from the problem of type inference for variational programs, which encode numerous different but related plain programs. In this dissertation, I present a sound and complete type inference algorithm for inferring types of all plain programs encoded in variational programs. The proposed algorithm runs...
This thesis investigates the reported communication experiences of married women transitioning to motherhood. The study involves a series of focus groups in which new mothers share their communicative experiences, explaining how they are navigating their new roles as mothers while also performing roles as wives, daughters, and workers. Informed primarily...
A Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is collection of wireless mobile nodes without a network infrastructure or centralized administration. Although MANETs can be used in many applications, such as mobile Internet, military communication, and disaster relief networks, a number of challenges remain. These include routing, medium access control, security, scalability, energy...
This study analyzed intercultural communication competence between
Malays and Chinese in organizational and social settings in Malaysia. Two
groups: Malays and Chinese in organizations in Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia),
were studied.
The intent of this study was to find similarities and differences in
Malays and Chinese' communication styles. A total of...
This study explored perceptions of performance feedback communicated by
Japanese supervisors to their U.S. subordinates in Japanese subsidiaries in the U. S.
Individual face-to-face interviews were conducted with both Japanese supervisors and
U.S. subordinates and their responses were tape-recorded. The purpose of the study
was to assess perceptual similarities and...
As community colleges have responded to shifts in funding structures,
demands from an aging population, the emergence of for-profit competitors, the
development of globalization, and the increasing use of technology, the role of
faculty has evolved and new leadership opportunities have emerged. This study
examines informal faculty leadership at a...
A family meeting is a prearranged time when family
members come together to talk about what’s happening in their
home and in their lives. It’s structured to allow for interaction
that otherwise might not occur.
Yetis, Cheshire cats, and phoenixes—these are all names of cohorts in the Orbis Cascade Alliance’s inaugural mentorship program. The pilot program connected nine mentors with twenty-one mentees in small groups to build community, confidence, and investment in consortium work. The initial cohort ran from 2018–2019, and the Alliance plans to...
End-user programming has become widespread. The increasing size of this population and the prevalence of barriers that they face has sparked the development of approaches that promote end-user programing by helping them overcome barriers and teaching them programming. Despite the fact that these approaches have done well in achieving those...
Professional software engineers have an arsenal of techniques such as unit testing and assertions to check their specifications, but these techniques require tools, motivation, experience and training that programmers without professional software engineering training may not have. As a result, professionals in other fields, such as scientific modelers, face greater...
This thesis presents the results of two studies that investigate the question of what interruption-styles are most appropriate for end-user programmers who are debugging programs. In the studies, end-user programmers are presented with surprises that encourage them to investigate, use, and learn about debugging devices in their programming environment. We...
There has been little research into how end-user programming environments can provide explanations that could fill a critical information gap for end-user debuggers - help with debugging strategy. To address this need, we designed and prototyped a video-based approach for explaining debugging strategy, and accompanied it with a text-only approach....
Spreadsheet languages, which include commercial spreadsheets and various research systems, have proven to be flexible tools in many settings. Research shows, however, that spreadsheets often contain faults. This thesis presents an integrated testing and fault localization methodology for spreadsheets. This methodology allows spreadsheet developers to engage in modeless development, testing...
End-user programmers are writing an unprecedented number of programs, due in large part to the significant effort put forth to bring programming power to end users. Unfortunately, this effort has not been supplemented by a comparable effort to increase the correctness of these often faulty programs. To address this need,...
Although researchers have begun to explicitly support end-user programmers' debugging by providing information to help them find bugs, there is little research addressing the right content to communicate to these users. The specific semantic content of these debugging communications matters because, if the users are not actually seeking the information...
Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) communities often use open bug reporting to allow users to participate by reporting bugs. This practice can lead to more duplicate reports, as inexperienced users can be less rigorous about researching existing bug reports. The purpose of this research is to determine the extent of this...
End users develop more software than any other group of programmers, using software authoring devices such as e-mail filtering editors, by-demonstration macro builders, and spreadsheet environments. Despite this, there has been only a little research on finding ways to help these programmers with the dependability of the software they create....
End users develop more software than any other group of programmers, using software authoring devices such as email filtering editors, by-demonstration macro builders, and spreadsheet environments. Despite this, there has been only a little research on finding ways to help these programmers with the dependability of the software they create....
There has been little research into how end-user programming environments can provide explanations that could fill a critical information gap for end-user debuggers – help with debugging strategy. To address this need, we designed and prototyped a video-based approach for explaining debugging strategy, and accompanied it with a text-only approach....
Although researchers have begun to explicitly support end-user programmers’ debugging by providing information to help them find bugs, there is little research addressing the right content to communicate to these users. The specific semantic content of these debugging communications matters because, if the users are not actually seeking the information...
Despite years of research into human computer interaction (HCI), the environments programmers must use for problem-solving today—with separate modes and tools for writing, compiling, testing, visualizing, and debugging— derive their basic structure from historical accident, and take little advantage of HCI research into the cognitive issues of programming. Neglecting these...
The purpose of the study was to determine whether first-grade
children's participation in a counselor-led intervention strategy, Mother-Child
Communication Training (MCCT), would increase their responsible
behavior, as assessed by mothers and teachers. Sixty first-grade children
in one elementary school in Corvallis, Oregon, along with their mothers,
participated in the training...
This thesis combines elements of forestry, interpersonal communication, and rhetoric to describe where residents of Coos Bay and North Bend Oregon obtain information about forests and forest uses, and how they view the credibility of that information. As a qualitative exploratory study, grounded theory methodology was used to develop theme...
Middle School represents a period of transition for the
students. This transition is present not only in physical change,
intellectual change, and emotional change, but also in terms of
the type of reading instruction these students receive. One
approach to reading instruction moves from a direct approach
focusing on specific...
End-user programmers are writing an unprecedented number of programs, primarily using languages and environments that incorporate a number of interactive and visual programming techniques. To help these users debug these programs, we have developed an entirely visual, interactive approach to fault localization. This paper presents the approach. We also present...
Programmers spend a substantial fraction of their debugging time by navigating
through source code, yet little is known about how programmers navigate. With the
continuing growth in size and complexity of software, this fraction of time is likely to
increase, which presents challenges to those seeking both to understand and...
Empirical studies have shown that programmers spend up to one-third of their time navigating through code during debugging. Although researchers have conducted empirical studies to understand programmers’ navigation difficulties and developed tools to address those difficulties, the resulting findings tend to be loosely connected to each other. To address this...
Mutation analysis is often used to compare the effectiveness of different test suites or testing techniques. One of the main assumptions underlying this technique is the Competent Programmer Hypothesis, which proposes that programs are very close to a correct version, or that the difference between current and correct code for...
Researchers/engineers in the field of software testing have valued coverage as a testing metric for decades now. There have been various empirical results that have shown that as coverage increases the ability of the test program to detect a fault also increases. As a result numerous coverage techniques have been...
For the past thirty years the majority of the
research on the cognitive demands of learning computer
programming has assumed that successful computer
programmers display certain aptitudes. Some
researchers indicate that studies linking different
prerequisite profiles of abilities to different
programming outcomes are needed. Such research might
dispel many of...
The family as a social unit is the earliest and most fundamental socialization influence and is an important contributor to children's development. Studies of family communication patterns (FCP) have emphasized two particular dimensions--a family's conversation orientation and their conformity orientation. However, many studies of FCP and its related outcomes have...
This research is an exploration of empathy in the classroom from the standpoint of how instructors experience it and understand themselves to communicate it to their students, particularly students from different cultural backgrounds. The research method used was ethnographic analysis of a classroom observation and a one-hour semi-structured interview with...
The proliferation of body worn autometric devices has been enabled by advances in low-power electronics and fueled by the quantified-self movement. These devices range in complexity from pedometers to clinical vital sign measurement. They all share the same drawback, typically the most expensive and heaviest component, the battery. The future...
This study addresses how parents communicate with their children about Significant Emotional Events (SEEs). A SEE is an experience that is so mentally engaging as to cause an individual to consider, examine, and possibly change one's initial values or value system. It examines parent's goals, concerns, and values related to...
The purpose of this study was to explore the extent of use, preparedness and
importance of the communication skills currently listed in the foundation knowledge and
skills for dietetics education and to explore how these skills are used in practice. A total
of 403 self-administered questionnaires, listing eleven elements of...
This research employed both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to
explore the impact of mobile wireless technology (MWT) in higher education classrooms.
The methodology was developed using systems engineering concepts. A methodology to
evaluate and compare the cost, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility of different MWT
configurations was also developed. Five outcomes...
This is a study of the process of collaboration between a community college and selected social service agencies for the purpose of developing an integrative social service and education delivery system, the One-Stop Center. Particular focus is on the interpersonal dynamics among the key stakeholders involved in a collaborative partnership....
The Pacific Northwest and Oregon in particular, have a rich fishing history. There are several fishing communities that rely on the resources found within Oregon waters. This research project explores communication in one particular fishing community, the coastal marine recreational fishing community (CMRFC) and the fisheries management community (FMC).
Objectives...
Recent scientific studies show strong correlations between oral and systemic disease, creating a crucial need for increased collaboration between the medical and dental professions. Interdisciplinary collaboration between medical and dental providers is emerging as a critical component to effective patient care. The role of the dental hygienist in interdisciplinary collaboration...
An investigation was made to determine teacher facilitation techniques in large lecture physics classrooms that foster small group discussion. Video recordings of an introductory calculus-based physics class were taken for the 2008-2009 academic year at Oregon State University. These videos were analyzed to determine student participation in small group discussion...
Over the last few decades, the methods and tools through which humans collaborate, share knowledge and generally communicate have been advancing at a rapid pace. Thanks mostly to advances in broadband internet, cheap data storage and fast microprocessors, humans now have the ability to work together in ways that even...
John Archibald Wheeler (09 July 1911- ) is a familiar name to physicists and historians of physics alike. Among his many contributions to the corpus of knowledge, in 1939 John Wheeler and Niels Bohr co-authored the first paper on the generalized mechanism of nuclear fission. Beyond that seminal work, Wheeler...
This study documents the occurrence of stereotypical representations of
gender, race, and other characteristics in individuals that appear in advertisements in
the prestigious academic journal Science. It repeats and expands upon a study
conducted by Mary Barbercheck (2001) that analyzed advertisements in Science
between 1995 and 1997. In this study,...
This dissertation details an experiment designed to identify gender differences in learning using three experimental treatments: animation, static graphics, and verbal instruction alone. Three learning presentations were used in testing of 332 university students. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, binomial tests for differences of proportion, and descriptive statistics. Results...
In previous work, the Idea Garden was created to help those relatively new to programming overcome their barriers in CoScripter. The goal of this thesis was to generalize the Idea Garden's success to other users and environments. We present a set of principles on how to help EUPs like this...
The results of a machine learning from user behavior can be thought of as a program, and like all programs, it may need to be debugged. Providing ways for the user to debug it matters because without the ability to fix errors, users may find that the learned program’s errors...
The climate in which communication occurs is a result of
how employees in an organization perceive and react to such
factors as rewards, support, trust, openness, decision making,
and leadership. The purpose of this case study is to identify
and describe communication climate factors in a health care
organization which...
This study examines the theme of power in Naguib Mahfouz's The Cairo Trilogy (1956/57). Contrasting my analysis with earlier review of the novel that emphasized a hegemonic patriarchal power, I argue that such power was constantly subverted by the dominated: family members of the patriarch. Using James C. Scott's notions...
A wave-by-wave forecasting system is desired for optimization of wave energy conversion devices and for improving safety of vessel-based marine operations. This study outlines the first validation attempts of a recently developed forecasting system called Wavecast. The forecasting approach uses X-Band marine radar images for data assimilation, then reconstructs and...
How can end users efficiently influence the predictions that machine learning systems make on their behalf? Traditional systems rely on users to provide examples of how they want the learning system to behave, but this is not always practical for the user, nor efficient for the learning system. This dissertation...
One of the least studied areas of Information Foraging Theory
is diet: the information foragers choose to seek. For
example, do foragers choose solely based on cost, or do
they stubbornly pursue certain diets regardless of cost? Do
their debugging strategies vary with their diets? To investigate
"what" and "how"...
In spite of wide spread adoption of the internet technology in teaching and learning, little research exists on the use and the effect of web incorporation in teaching and learning. Immediate clarification of how, when, and for whom the web integration in education is beneficial is needed. This qualitative study...
Spreadsheets are a widely used end-user programming tool. Field audits have found that 80-90% of spreadsheets created by end users contain textual and formula errors in spreadsheets. Such errors may have severe negative consequences for users in terms of productivity, credibility, or profits. To solve the problem of spreadsheet errors,...
Little is known about the strategies end-user programmers use in debugging their programs, and even less is known about gender differences that may exist in these strategies. Without this type of information, end-user programming systems cannot know the "target" at which to aim, if they are to support male and...
Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and retention of female computer science professionals—but the possibility of gender issues within software has received almost no attention. If gender...
End users' programs are fraught with errors, costing companies millions of dollars. One reason may be that researchers and tool designers have not yet focused on end-user debugging strategies. To investigate this possibility, this dissertation presents eight empirical studies and a new strategy-based end-user debugging tool for Excel, called StratCel....
During four cruises in July and September of 2008 and 2009, the shipboard X-band radar was tuned to detect the modulated bands of surface roughness caused by converging and diverging currents associated with high-frequency nonlinear internal wave (NLIW) packets. The data collected was used to quantify the propagation direction (ϴp),...
Field trips are well recognized by researchers as an educational approach with the potential to complement and enhance classroom science teaching by exposing students to unique activities, resources, and content in informal settings. The following investigation addresses teachers' field trip practices in three related manuscripts:
(1) A study examining the...
This dissertation has two objectives. The first objective is to determine where best to situate the study of mentoring (i.e. the 'making of scientists') on the landscape of the history of science and science studies. This task is accomplished by establishing mentoring studies as a link between the robust body...
There has been little prior research reporting strategy usage in end-user problem solving, and even less using gender as a factor. Without this type of information, enduser programming systems cannot know the “target” at which to aim, if they are to support male and female end-user programmers’ debugging. As a...
Most of the work so far in the subfield of Gender HCI has followed a theory-driven approach. Established theories, however, do not take into account specific issues that arise in end-user debugging. We suspected that there may be important information that we were overlooking. We therefore employed a methodology change:...
Scientific inquiry in K-12 classrooms tends to be procedural, lacking opportunities for students to gain understanding of how scientific knowledge is constructed through reflection, debate, and argument. Limited opportunity to develop scientific argumentation skills prevents students from practicing the scientific thinking needed to understand the nature of scientific knowledge and...
The goal of this study is to elucidate the similarities between the grammar of oral folk music and oral language grammar through field examples from Grupo Kultura, a group of neo-Latin American musicians in the mid-Willamette Valley area of Oregon. The linguistic analysis of oral folk music explores textual and...
Each year an estimated one million young women in the United States develop an eating disorder. Without early recognition of symptoms and early intervention/treatment, these eating disorders can lead to a host of chronic and debilitating illnesses.
Tooth erosion is one of the first signs of an eating disorder, providing...
The design of programming tools is slow and costly. To ease this process, we have developed a design pattern catalog aimed at providing guidance about how to design tools for developers. This guidance is grounded in Information Foraging Theory (IFT), which empirical studies have shown to be useful for understanding...
Application Stores, such as the iTunes App Store, give developers access to their users’ complaints and requests in the form of application reviews. However, little is known about how developers are responding to application reviews. Without such knowledge developers, users, Application Stores, and researchers could make incorrect assumptions. To address...
The complexity of designing and testing today's system on chip (SOC) is increasing due to greater integrated circuit (IC) density and higher IO and memory frequencies. SOCs for the mobile phone and tablet market have the unique challenge of short product development windows, at times less than six months, and...
This dissertation focuses on the life of Dixy Lee Ray as it examines important developments in marine biology and biological oceanography during the mid twentieth century. In addition, Ray's key involvement in the public understanding of science movement of the 1950s and 1960s provides a larger social and cultural context...
The purpose of the study was to determine if the delivery of an integrated
agriculture and science curriculum to the Agricultural Education MAT (Master of Arts
in Teaching) students, increased their desire and ability to integrate their curriculum and
collaborate with other teachers once they started teaching, and to identify...
Due to the overwhelming concern for the current state of our oceans, The Pew Ocean Commission (2003) and the U.S. Commission on Ocean policy (2004), have both strongly recommended an increase in our society’s ocean literacy. An increase in ocean literacy can be achieved through informal education institutions such as...
Throughout society, many believe women are not succeeding professionally because of the institutional barriers created by men in the American workforce. However, women may be more competitive with other women than with men, especially when limited job positions are the goal. Competitiveness among women can be explained by a phenomenon...